The Chinese nation has always pursued the homesickness of "all good and filial piety first", whether it is a person or an official, filial piety is an important criterion for considering personal morality.
In Chinese history, many famous filial sons have emerged, and there are not a few who serve their mothers to filial piety in the group of poets.
Meng Jiao, who only got the Zhongjin Shi at the age of 46, finally got a small county lieutenant official position, and had the ability to serve his mother.
The Tang Dynasty poet Cui Wei, whose son and grandson were both prime ministers, often accompanied his blind mother on travels, sharing interesting stories on the way to amuse her, and even became a vegetarian for life after her mother's death.
When Wang Wei was 9 years old, his father died of illness, and his mother raised him and his younger siblings with hard work.
However, the only one who was included in the "Twenty-four Filial Piety" because of filial piety was the Northern Song Dynasty poet Huang Tingjian.
Huang Tingjian was smart and studious since he was a child, and at the age of 5 he was able to recite the Confucian "Five Classics", and at the age of 7 he wrote the poem "Riding a bull far past the front village, playing the flute and listening to the wind across the bank".
However, when he was 14 years old, his fate took a sharp turn for the worse, his father Huang Shu died in Connecticut, and the pressure of raising ten children suddenly fell on the shoulders of his mother Lee.
Li was born in Jianchang Li, is a descendant of the Tang Dynasty Li royal family, has a high cultural literacy, and is also quite disciplined in educating children, and his six sons have all grown up and are famous, especially Huang Tingjian's name.
The six siblings of the Huang family are not only talented, but also extremely friendly to each other. In 1094, Huang Tingjian was framed by political enemies and relegated to the remote state of Qianzhou. The elder brother Huang Dalin accompanied him all the way, trekking through mountains and rivers, and the third brother Huang Shuda took his wife and children to escort his sister-in-law and nephew.
At the lowest point in his life, their mutual help brought Huang Tingjian the warmest and most reassuring sense of happiness.
Huang Tingjian pursued the standard of "serving the country, valuing Confucianism, filial piety, and honesty" all his life, and even if he was in a high position later, he was still able to serve his mother in person every day.
"History of the Song Dynasty" once recorded that "Ting Jian is filial piety, his mother is sick and dying, he sees the color of day and night, and his clothes are not untied".
And his act of washing the toilet for his mother in person is called "cleaning the toilet", which has touched countless people.
The poem I want to share today is the most touching poem written by Huang Tingjian to his mother.
The poem is "The First Look at Huai Mountain":
The wind Qiu snow hat is not in the forest, and the purple swallow and yellow oriole have been in the deep summer.
The ancients of the three cauldrons were dry, and a loving mother returned to her heart for a year.
How to rest when you work against the journey, and you can't help but look at the mountain when you are sick.
I want to see the sunset in the three paths, and the cicadas hiss the willows and yin.
"The wind and snow hat are not in the forest, and the purple swallow and yellow oriole are in the middle of summer."
I put on a coat and hat that day, and left home in the wind and snow, but now it is late summer, and my ears are full of the cry of purple swallows and yellow warblers.
"Fengqiu", which means a leather coat to block the wind; "Snow hat" also refers to a hat that protects against wind and snow.
"Jialin", which means one's own garden, refers to one's hometown, and comes from the sentence of "drawing the old mountain and building Yujialin" in Yan Yanzhi's "Tao Zheng Shiyi" of the Southern Dynasty.
"Purple Swallow", also known as Yue Yan, is small and vocal, purple under the chin, nests on the lintel, and is the most common bird in the south of the Yangtze River like the yellow bird.
Inferred from the location, the poem was written shortly after the death of Wong's father. In order to alleviate the pressure on his family, he followed his uncle Li Chang to study in the Huainan area.
The contrast between the "Wind Qiu Snow Hat" and the "Purple Swallow Yellow Bird" in front of him when he left home is a stark contrast, suggesting the long time and distance from home.
"The ancients of the Three Cauldron were dry, and a loving mother returned to her heart for a year."
Since ancient times, wanderers have been running around, but in order to seek a future and earn some meager salaries, they have forgotten the loving mother who is looking forward to the return of her child all year round in her hometown.
"Three cauldrons" refers to being an official while their parents are alive and supporting their relatives with a meager official salary, which is the abbreviation of the idiom "three cauldron and relatives" or "three cauldron comforting relatives". "Cauldron" is a kind of measuring instrument in ancient times, one kettle is six buckets and four liters, and "three cauldrons" is the amount of rice per person per month in ancient times, referring to the meager official salary.
"Ganlu", in the Northern and Southern Dynasties, specifically referred to the money given by the government, and later referred to seeking fame and fortune.
The poet braved the snow in his cloak and traveled long distances to run in order to break a few taels of silver, while the old mother at home could only lean on the door all year round.
He was away from home for four years at a young age, and he missed his mother who was far away from home day and night, and his mother was always concerned about him, but the two had to be separated.
"How can I rest when I work against the tide, and I can't help but look at the mountain when I am sick."
A person's life is just a temporary stay between heaven and earth. But after working hard from morning to night, tired and tired, when can we really get rest?
In the blink of an eye, he was already old, and he could only look at the distant mountains with his faint old eyes, and he had no strength to do anything.
"Laosheng", from "Zhuangzi Great Master", means a life of hard work.
"Reverse Journey", from "Zhuangzi Shanmu", means inn, inn. However, Huang Tingjian used it in the poem, and used Li Bai's meaning of "the man who is the master of heaven and earth, the reverse journey of all things".
In just 14 words, it is written about the shortness and hardships of a person's life, but in fact, it is a euphemistic admonition to the world, and it is also an exhortation to oneself:
We should cherish the time in front of us, and when we can be filial to our parents, we should also fulfill our filial piety in time.
"I want to see the sunset in the three paths, and the cicadas hiss the willows and yin."
I want to go back to my hometown, build a small garden, and live peacefully in the sunset
"Three paths", from the "Three Auxiliary Decision", the full statement is "Three Paths Friends". It is about when Wang Mang was in power in the Han Dynasty, Jiang Xu, who was famous for his honesty and integrity, returned to his hometown after illness and never came out. There are three paths in his courtyard, and he only interacts with the two hermits, Yang Zhong and Qiu Zhong. Later generations refer to the homeland of the hermits, Tao Yuanming's "Words of Return" in the "three paths are barren, pine chrysanthemum still exists" is used in this canon.
"Random cicadas", which refers to the noisy group of cicadas, is a symbol of summer.
The two lines of poetry are combined to implicitly express the hope that before the summer is gone, they can return to their hometown and share the joy of family with their families.
Huang Tingjian's poem, on the surface, only one sentence expresses his love for his mother, but if you read it carefully, you will find that every word is writing about his mother's longing for his mother and his ardent heart for returning home.
People's lives are short for decades, and most of the time is spent running around and toiling for survival, and in pursuit of high-ranking officials and hoarding red dust—even today, thousands of years later, isn't it still the case?
We went to other places and worked diligently in exchange for a stable income, hoping to give back a better life for our families.
And the mother at home, year after year, is looking forward to the early return of the child, longing for the whole family to be reunited, even if it is coarse tea and light rice, it is also delicious.
Companionship is the longest confession. Compared with money, what parents want most is the company of their children.
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