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In March 1937, a militia group under Ma Bufang captured a Red Army soldier and was taken to the brigade headquarters as a nobody.
In fact, the identity of this warrior is not so simple, and he hopes that he can get away with it and keep it a secret.
He was almost on the verge of success, however, a traitor betrayed him and informed Ma Bufang and others that he had served as the commander of the two armies and was a very remarkable figure.
The Ma Jiajun acted viciously, which was well known to the locals, and the Red Army also knew that the Ma family was entrenched in the local land.
It stands to reason that they should have tortured the warrior to force him to confess, but Ma Bufang did not do so.
Lao Jiang urged him to hand over the commander quickly, but he refused to hand it in, and even held a banquet to entertain others, and tried his best to recruit him.
The commander flatly rejected his "recruitment" and said: "I have long put life and death on the line. ”
Ma Bufang eventually killed him, and the martyr's skull has not been found until now.
Who was this commander of the Red Army, and how did he bravely refuse to surrender back then?
l Under Gulang City
This heroic commander of the Red Army was Comrade Sun Yuqing, and what happened back then must start with the loss of Gulang City.
The battle of the Western Route Army was very difficult, and after the loss of Gulang City, the situation took a sharp turn for the worse.
Before the fall of Gulang City, he was serving as the commander of the Red 9th Army at the age of 27, which was the time when he was young and promising.
The battle of Gulang City originally had a chance to win, but it was the base camp of the Ma family's army, and they had sufficient supplies, while the Red Army had no rear and was completely carrying it.
At first, it was able to resist for a while, but as time went on, the fighters of our army gradually became tired.
On October 15, 1936, the Red 9th Army cooperated with the Red 30th Army and fought with 30,000 Ma Jiajun.
After only four days of occupation of the city, only 2,000 of the 5,000-strong contingent remained.
They finally broke through the siege at night and arrived in Yongchang, but they were criticized, and Comrade Chen Changhao, who was then chairman of the Military Commission, demanded a thorough reorganization of the Red 9th Army.
In fact, the loss of Gulang City was not entirely the responsibility of the Red Ninth Army, but at that time, Comrade Sun Yuqing and Comrade Chen Haisong, who were army commanders, took responsibility and were both dismissed
Although they were full of grievances, Commander Sun and other comrades did not complain, and for Commander Sun personally, this was not the first time he had encountered it.
He continued to lead the remaining comrades to confront Ma Jiajun, and he insisted on leading the team until Liyuankou and continued to advance.
But unfortunately, after encountering the enemy, the detachment was scattered, and he had to take the remaining dozen cadres disguised as ordinary people and find a way to go to northern Shaanxi.
In March 1937, in order to cover the retreat of other comrades, Sun Junchang was shot in the waist and unfortunately was caught by the local militia.
The enemy took what was previously useful and valuable from him, and then took him to the headquarters of the 298 brigade.
At first, the enemy had not yet discovered their identities, but only a group of Red Army soldiers who had been scattered and lost.
Soon, he was sent to Dongguan Ma Zhongyi, and on the way, he was betrayed by traitors and his identity was exposed.
When the enemy got the ironclad evidence, when he asked Commander Sun if he was frank, he resolutely shouted: "I am the commander of the Red 9th Army!" ”
The matter of seizing the commander of the Red Army soon reached the ears of Lao Chiang, and he sent three telegrams in a row, asking Ma Bufang to strictly investigate the commander and send him to Lanzhou after the investigation.
However, the 3 telegrams failed to urge Ma Bufang, and he was even more generous, prepared a good meal, invited people to eat, and persuaded people to surrender.
On May 17, 1937, Commander Sun was escorted to Xining, and that night, the living room of the Qinghai government was extremely bright.
Ma Bufang invited a group of military and political dignitaries, and on this day he wanted to make a bureau and wanted to persuade Commander Sun to surrender.
In the east hall of the second hall, there was a large group of reporters waiting outside, all trying to grab the big news.
As soon as General Sun arrived, it was lively outside, his back straight, passing by the well-equipped soldiers on both sides of the door, not caring about the surrounding situation at all.
In the applause of the audience, Ma Bufang appeared to welcome Commander Sun in, and such a clumsy trick was quickly recognized.
At the banquet, Ma Bufang asked him how he felt after being captured, especially his identity as a military commander, and he was quite proud in his words.
Unexpectedly, Commander Sun was completely fooled by him, and he said that this failure was due to the fact that their troops did not fight well, and they committed the taboo of the soldiers.
Without a supply box, how long can it last, coupled with the harsh local environment, the cavalry of the Ma Jiajun is ruthless, and the Red Army is difficult to resist.
However, they did not get much benefit, so such a victory was nothing.
Ma Bufang continued to attack his heart, he asked Commander Sun if they were not afraid of death, as long as he bowed his head and said a word, he would be able to live immediately, and he could enjoy a half-official position.
Commander Sun frowned when he heard this, and immediately refused, saying that those who were afraid of death could not be the Red Army, and since he participated in the revolution, he had already made up his mind to leave life and death behind.
If he is disposed of on the spot, he will not regret it and will be honored with his choice.
Ma Bufang was speechless after hearing this, but he didn't give up, in order to persuade Commander Sun to surrender, he thought of another trick.
l Gallop across Sichuan and Shaanxi
In March 1937, Comrade Sun Yuqing was unfortunately shot and arrested while dealing with Ma Jiajun.
Ma Bufang temporarily detained him and wanted to persuade him to surrender for his own use, but was categorically rejected by Commander Sun.
However, he did not give up, in order to take down Commander Sun, he arrested the other party's wife.
In the face of such a threat, how did Commander Sun respond?
In 1980, Marshal Xu Xiangqian mentioned Comrade Sun Yuqing, and he said that Comrade Sun Yuqing was very brave in battle, he had the demeanor of a general, and everyone should remember his deeds.
In the face of Ma Bufang's coercion and temptation, Commander Sun never bowed his head, and always refused with righteousness.
Ma Bufang, a treacherous villain, saw that he couldn't attract Commander Sun with his official fame and fortune, so he began to play the emotional card in an attempt to break through his psychological defense.
However, he underestimated the will of the communist fighters and their determination to sacrifice themselves for the revolution.
A few days after the dinner, Ma Bufang brought someone over again and took him to the south gate of Xining and the Huining Bridge.
There were a large number of Red Army soldiers imprisoned, who were called around by the Ma Jiajun and did tedious hard labor.
It was not enough for Commander Sun to see it, and he also asked people to speak, to persuade these soldiers to "transform with peace of mind".
Commander Sun took this opportunity to cheer everyone on, urging them to stick to their faith and keep secrets.
In addition, Ma Jiajun also took him to the army hospital of the 100th Division.
Comrade Yue Lanfang, the wife of Commander Sun, who was also a Red Army soldier was imprisoned there, and after being captured, she did a lot of dirty and tiring work in the hospital.
Commander Sun had mixed feelings in his heart for a while, and Ma Bufang saw his mood swings and thought that he was about to succeed.
No, Commander Sun endured his emotions and encouraged his wife to be ready for justice at any time.
In just one sentence, it gave the comrades a lot of courage, and Ma Bufang's plan to persuade him to surrender failed.
Annoyed and angry, he decided to come hard, trying to use torture to force Commander Sun to submit, the previous tests have been passed, are you still afraid of this kind of flesh and skin suffering?
Commander Sun's iron will, as he said, has put life and death aside since he joined the revolution.
Comrade Sun Yuqing is a native of Huang'an, Hubei, and his background is similar to that of most comrades, coming from a poor peasant family.
The family lived by renting the landlord's land, and Sun Junchang was very smart when he was a child, and his family loved him very much, no matter how difficult it was, they still sent him to study.
Fortunately, with the help of his clansmen, he studied in a private school for 5 or 6 years, knew how to read, and could read articles.
Later, he didn't study because his father was seriously ill and needed to be taken care of, so he resolutely decided to stay and take care of his family and support his family.
During his apprenticeship, he was infected by the revolution and joined a local agricultural cooperative.
Because he could read and write, he soon became a good propagandist and revolutionary hand in the organization.
These experiences played a very important role in his later participation in the autumn harvest and the jute uprising.
One year after participating in the uprising, the enemy attacked one after another, but they were not afraid at all, because the local people were always willing to help.
In the spring of 1929, the 31st Division of the Red 31st Army went south from Tiantai Mountain.
From then on, he embarked on the journey of the Red Army.
In October 1932, the Red Fourth Front Army failed to break the fourth "encirclement and suppression" of the national army, and had no choice but to enter Sichuan and Shaanxi to find an opportunity to break through.
Commander Sun, who was a regiment-level cadre at the time, led his troops to advance into Sichuan and Shaanxi.
On October 19 of that year, the Red Army was pursued by the Nationalist army, and they fought for four days in a row, and finally repelled the enemy.
The 11th Division, to which Commander Sun belonged, made a great contribution to turning the situation around, but of course, they suffered heavy casualties.
In this battle, Commander Sun fought bravely, he braved artillery fire, and opened the way for everyone with the sacrifice of the 32nd and 33rd regiment commanders.
It was precisely because of this heroic act that he made a military exploit, and at the suggestion of political commissar Li Xiannian, he served as the commander of the 32nd regiment, when he was only 22 years old.
In general, it is often said that many things depend on the experience of the elderly, but in the ranks of the Red Army
After such an experienced and determined soldier was captured by Ma Jiajun, what tests did he accept in the last days of his life?
l The soul is always there
In March 1937, after the arrest of Commander Sun Yuqing, Ma Bufang once wanted to take him under his command.
However, Sun Junchang refused to eat softly and hardly, and in anger and shame, he decided to kill him.
After seeing the soldiers and their families, Commander Sun did not soften, but encouraged everyone's fighting spirit and tortured them, but he did not say a word and protested in silence.
Commander Sun didn't eat hard and soft, and Ma Bufang had no way to take him, not only did he fail to turn people into his own, but he didn't even have any information.
After thinking about it, he decided that he couldn't waste time, Commander Sun's mouth was so hard, then Commander Ma had no choice but to send him to the western sky.
So, he first wrote an application to Lao Jiang, reporting the recent intelligence one by one, saying how Commander Sun did not give in and did not cooperate with the work.
Soon, Lao Chiang replied, agreeing that he would be executed to deal with the stubborn Red Army commander.
Commander Sun's efforts in exchange for the results he wanted, he knew that he was arrested this time was a life of nine deaths, and he did not think about the possibility of survival.
He hoped that his death alone would arouse the fighting spirit of his comrades, so that they would persevere to the end and keep the secrets of the organization.
In late May 1937, one night, Ma Bufang gave an order to Ma Zhongyi, asking him to take a few people to hurry up and deal with them.
At that time, Commander Sun, who was in prison, was quietly reading a book, and he had been waiting for that moment.
Ma Zhongyi took Chief of Staff Geng Wenkui and others to sneak into the small building, tied up Commander Sun, escorted him to the stable of the Third Courtyard, and tied the person to a wooden pillar next to the manger.
He watched as the enemy raised the bright butcher's knife, and there was no trace of fear in his eyes, but he looked straight at the other party.
He knew that this group of people had no way to get secrets from him, and there was no way to recruit them, so he was relieved to be here.
When the enemy's butcher's knife fell, he held his head high, glared at the other party, and then collapsed in a pool of blood, this year, he was only 28 years old.
However, it's not over yet.
After killing Commander Sun, this group of Ma Jiajun, who had lost their conscience, pulled his body outside the south gate of Xining and poured it into a dirt pit and buried it hastily.
In order to invite credit to Lao Jiang, Ma Bufang deliberately left the head of Commander Sun, sent it to the new Second Army Headquarters for photographing, and then sent it to Nanjing.
Because of this, when everyone reburied Commander Sun, their head could not be found, and the place where he was buried became a stadium, and it was impossible to find the bones, and he was a martyr without a grave.
Before he led the Western Route Army to advance to the Hexi Corridor, he made countless contributions during his tenure as division commander and army commander.
He led the 32nd Regiment to three major victories, and made indelible contributions to the strategic shift and the establishment of a base area.
In July 1933, shortly after he was awarded the medal flag of "One Victory over Hundred", he was selected as the commander of the 73rd Division to serve as the commander of the 31st Army, when he was only 24 years old.
This was his first time as the commander of the unit, which lasted 2 years and accumulated a wealth of experience.
During this period, he commanded dozens of battles, and the most influential in the army was the battle of Qinglong Pass, which broke through the siege of the Six Roads.
In this battle, the 274th Regiment under his command was awarded the award flag of "Night Raid Winning Army".
After the Red 1st and 4th Front Armies successfully met, Commander Sun was transferred to the Red 9th Army as the commander, and they were originally going to cross the Yellow River and carry out the Ningxia Campaign.
The situation was changing and the enemy situation in Hedong changed, and this plan to spread its wings was forced to be suspended, and it was against this background that the Western Route Army was established.
General Sun and his troops had never seen such a desolate place in Hexi, nor had they ever seen such arrogant cavalry.
One of the more important reasons why the Western Route Army lost was that in Hexi, where the Hui people lived, there was no mass base, and the language and culture were not understood.
In such a situation, they gambled with their lives with the Ma family's army, betting on whether they could survive and break through the encirclement of the cavalry.
The Western Route Army fought smoothly at the beginning and gained something, but the enemy clung to it and dragged them down, and the battle of Gulang City was even more exhausted.
Therefore, it was actually very unfair that Commander Sun and other comrades were removed from their posts back then, and this was actually caused by the command of the higher authorities and the surprise attack.
More than 70 years after Commander Sun left, in 1988, a white statue and monument were erected in Xining, Qinghai, where he died.
The inscription written by Marshal Xu Xiangqian was engraved on the stele: "The martyr Sun Yuqing is immortal!" ”
If he could see today's China, under Jiuquan, he would be extremely gratified.