Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, September 13 (Xinhua) -- Comprehensively deepening the reform of state-owned enterprises and giving full play to the leading role of the state-owned economy -- the principal responsible comrades of the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission of the State Council answered reporters' questions on the "Guiding Opinions on Deepening the Reform of State-owned Enterprises".
Xinhua News Agency reporters Zhao Xiaohui and Hua Yedi
The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council recently issued the "Guiding Opinions on Deepening the Reform of State-owned Enterprises" (hereinafter referred to as the "Guiding Opinions"), making major arrangements for deepening the reform of state-owned enterprises. Zhang Yi, Director of the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission of the State Council and Secretary of the Party Committee, answered questions from Xinhua News Agency reporters on issues related to the formulation and implementation of the "Guiding Opinions".
Q: Could you please tell us about the background of the drafting of the Guiding Opinions?
Answer: Since the beginning of reform and opening up, the reform and development of state-owned enterprises have continuously made significant progress, on the whole they have been integrated with the market economy, the quality and efficiency of operation have been markedly improved, and a number of backbone enterprises with core competitiveness have emerged in the competition in the international and domestic markets, which have made major contributions to promoting economic and social development, ensuring and improving the people's livelihood, opening up the international market, and enhancing the mainland's comprehensive strength. However, it should also be noted that there are still many imperfections in the management system, operational mechanism, and layout structure of state-owned enterprises, and there are still some outstanding contradictions and problems that urgently need to be resolved. Facing the future, state-owned enterprises will face more fierce international competition, and their missions and responsibilities will be more important. Deepening the reform of state-owned enterprises is of great significance for upholding and improving the basic economic system, adhering to the road of socialism with Chinese characteristics, implementing the "four comprehensive" strategic layout, realizing the Chinese dream of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, adapting to the new normal of economic development, promoting the mainland's economy to achieve medium-to-high-speed growth and moving towards the mid-to-high-end level, and to eliminate the shortcomings of the system and mechanism, and to become stronger, better and large-scale state-owned enterprises.
The CPC Central Committee and the State Council attach great importance to the reform of state-owned enterprises, and the Third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee has made special arrangements to further point out the direction for deepening the reform of state-owned enterprises. In order to better implement the "Decision of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on Several Major Issues Concerning Comprehensively Deepening Reform", in accordance with the deployment of the Central Leading Group for Comprehensively Deepening Reform, under the direct leadership of the State Council, the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission of the State Council, the National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Finance and other relevant departments drafted the "Guiding Opinions" through in-depth investigation and research and full listening to opinions. After several studies and revisions, the draft document was submitted to the executive meeting of the State Council, the meeting of the Central Leading Group for Comprehensively Deepening Reform, and the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee for deliberation and approval, and was promulgated and implemented in the name of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council.
Question: What are the guiding ideologies and basic principles for deepening the reform of state-owned enterprises?
Answer: The "Guiding Opinions" pointed out that in deepening the reform of state-owned enterprises, it is necessary to adhere to and improve the basic economic system, adhere to the direction of socialist market economy reform, adapt to the new situation of marketization, modernization, and internationalization, take the liberation and development of social productive forces as the standard, and take the enhancement of the vitality of state-owned enterprises and the improvement of the efficiency of state-owned capital as the center, improve the modern enterprise system with clear property rights, clear rights and responsibilities, separation of government and enterprises, and scientific management, improve the state-owned assets supervision and control system, prevent the loss of state-owned assets, and comprehensively promote the management of enterprises according to law. Strengthen and improve the party's leadership over state-owned enterprises, strengthen and improve state-owned enterprises, continuously enhance the vitality, control, influence and anti-risk ability of the state-owned economy, take the initiative to adapt to and lead the new normal of economic development, and make positive contributions to promoting sustained and healthy economic and social development and realizing the Chinese dream of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.
The "Guiding Opinions" specify five principles to be adhered to in reform. First, it is necessary to uphold and improve the basic economic system, which is the fundamental requirement that must be grasped in deepening the reform of state-owned enterprises. Second, it is necessary to adhere to the direction of socialist market economic reform, which is the basic law that must be followed in deepening the reform of state-owned enterprises. Third, it is necessary to adhere to the combination of enhancing vitality and strengthening supervision, which is an important relationship that must be grasped in deepening the reform of state-owned enterprises. Fourth, upholding the party's leadership over state-owned enterprises is the political direction and political principle that must be adhered to in deepening the reform of state-owned enterprises. Fifth, it is necessary to persist in making positive and steady overall plans, which is a scientific method that must be adopted to deepen the reform of state-owned enterprises.
Question: Could you please talk about the main objectives and key tasks of deepening the reform of state-owned enterprises?
Answer: The main goal of the reform of state-owned enterprises is to form a state-owned asset management system, a modern enterprise system, and a market-oriented management mechanism that are more in line with the mainland's basic economic system and the requirements of the development of the socialist market economy by 2020, to make the distribution and structure of state-owned capital more reasonable, to create a large number of outstanding entrepreneurs who have both ability and political integrity, who are good at management, and who are full of vitality, to cultivate a large number of state-owned backbone enterprises with innovative ability and international competitiveness, and to significantly enhance the vitality, control, influence, and anti-risk ability of the state-owned economy.
Focusing on the goal of realizing the reform of state-owned enterprises, it is necessary to grasp well the six key tasks. The first is to promote the reform of state-owned enterprises by category. Divide state-owned enterprises into commercial and public welfare categories, promote the in-depth integration of state-owned enterprises with the market economy, and promote the organic integration of economic and social benefits of state-owned enterprises. The second is to improve the modern enterprise system. Promote the reform of the company system and the shareholding system, improve the corporate governance structure, establish a classified and hierarchical management system for enterprise leaders, implement an enterprise salary distribution system that is compatible with the socialist market economy, and deepen the reform of the internal employment system of enterprises. The third is to improve the state-owned asset management system. Promote the transformation of the functions of state-owned assets supervision agencies with capital management as the mainstay, reform the authorized operation system of state-owned capital, promote the rational flow and optimal allocation of state-owned capital, and promote the centralized and unified supervision of operational state-owned assets. Fourth, we should develop a mixed-ownership economy. Introduce non-state-owned capital to participate in the reform of state-owned enterprises, encourage state-owned capital to invest in non-state-owned enterprises in various ways, and explore the implementation of employee stock ownership in mixed-ownership enterprises. Fifth, strengthen supervision to prevent the loss of state-owned assets. Strengthen the internal supervision of enterprises, establish and improve an efficient and coordinated external supervision mechanism, implement information disclosure, strengthen social supervision, and strictly pursue responsibility. Sixth, strengthen and improve the party's leadership over state-owned enterprises. Implement the policy of comprehensively and strictly governing the party, give full play to the role of the political core of the party organization of the enterprise, strengthen the construction of the enterprise leadership group and the construction of the talent team, and earnestly implement the "two responsibilities" of the enterprise to fight corruption and promote integrity.
Question: What reform measures have been proposed to enhance the vitality and market competitiveness of state-owned enterprises?
Answer: Building state-owned enterprises into independent market entities, fully stimulating and releasing the vitality of enterprises, and improving market competitiveness and development leading force are the starting point and end point of deepening the reform of state-owned enterprises.
The "Guiding Opinions" stresses that in deepening the reform of state-owned enterprises, it is necessary to follow the laws of the market economy and the laws of enterprise development, adhere to the separation of government from enterprises, the separation of government from capital, and the separation of ownership and management rights, adhere to the unity of rights, obligations, and responsibilities, and persist in combining the incentive mechanism with the restraint mechanism, so that state-owned enterprises can truly become independent market entities that operate independently according to law, assume their own profits and losses, bear their own risks, exercise self-restraint, and develop themselves. The first is to implement the autonomy of enterprises in accordance with the law. Continue to promote the streamlining of administration and delegation of powers, and implement the property rights and independent management rights of legal persons in accordance with the law; Transform the functions of state-owned assets regulators, from mainly managing enterprises to managing capital, and attribute matters that should be independently decided by enterprises in accordance with the law to enterprises; Earnestly implement and maintain the rights of the board of directors to exercise major decisions, selection and appointment, salary distribution, etc., in accordance with the law, and ensure the operational autonomy of managers, and no department or institution shall interfere unless authorized by law. The second is to promote enterprises to improve the market-oriented operation mechanism. Promote the reform of the company system and the joint-stock system, actively introduce various investors to achieve equity diversification, and vigorously promote the restructuring and listing of state-owned enterprises; Focusing on promoting the construction of the board of directors, improve the corporate governance structure of the company; Establish a classified and hierarchical management system for enterprise leaders, implement a professional manager system, and reasonably increase the proportion of market-oriented selection and employment; Implement an enterprise salary distribution system that is compatible with the socialist market economy; Deepen the reform of the internal employment system of enterprises, and establish a reasonable flow mechanism that can go up and down, and enter and exit. The third is to promote enterprises to participate in fair competition. improve relevant laws, regulations and supporting policies; We should speed up the divestment of enterprises from their social functions and solve problems left over from history, so as to create conditions for state-owned enterprises to participate in market competition fairly.
Q: What reform measures have been proposed to strengthen the supervision of state-owned assets based on the management of capital?
Answer: Strengthening the supervision of state-owned assets with the management of capital as the mainstay is a new requirement put forward by the Third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee, and is the direction and focus of improving the state-owned assets management system. To this end, the "Guiding Opinions" proposed: First, to promote the transformation of the functions of state-owned assets regulators based on capital management. Accurately grasp the positioning of the performance of the responsibilities of investors, establish a list of regulatory powers and responsibilities, and realize the transformation from mainly managing enterprises to managing capital. The management should be scientifically managed, never lacking, focusing on the management of state-owned capital layout, standardize capital operation, improve capital returns, and maintain capital security; Those that should not be managed should be delegated in accordance with the law, and should never be overstepped, and the matters that should be independently operated and decided by the enterprise in accordance with the law should be attributed to the enterprise, the management matters that extend to the subsidiary enterprises should be attributed to the first-level enterprises in principle, and the public management functions that should be undertaken with the cooperation should be attributed to the relevant government departments and units. The second is to reform the system of authorized operation of state-owned capital with the management of capital as the mainstay. The state-owned capital investment and operation company was reorganized and established, as a professional platform for the operation of the state-owned capital market, independently carried out the operation of state-owned capital in accordance with the law, exercised shareholder responsibilities for the invested enterprises, and effectively assumed the responsibility of maintaining and increasing the value in accordance with the principle of corresponding responsibilities and rights. The third is to promote the rational flow and optimal allocation of state-owned capital with capital management as the mainstay. Guided by the market and with enterprises as the main body, we will optimize the layout and structure of state-owned capital and enhance the overall function and efficiency of the state-owned economy. Fourth, we should focus on the management of capital and promote the centralized and unified supervision of operational state-owned assets. Steadily incorporate the state-owned capital of enterprises affiliated to party and government organs and institutions into the centralized and unified supervision system of operational state-owned assets, strengthen the management of the state-owned asset base, and establish a state-owned capital operating budget system that covers all state-owned enterprises and is managed at different levels.
Q: What are the requirements and measures for the development of a mixed-ownership economy?
Answer: The "Guiding Opinions" make it clear that the development of a mixed-ownership economy should be aimed at promoting the transformation of the operating mechanism of state-owned enterprises, enlarging the function of state-owned capital, improving the allocation and operation efficiency of state-owned capital, and realizing the mutual promotion and common development of various ownership capitals. It is necessary to give full play to the role of the market mechanism, adhere to the policy of local policy, industry policy, and enterprise policy, and promote one after another. It is necessary to introduce non-state-owned capital to participate in the reform of state-owned enterprises, encourage non-state-owned capital investment entities to participate in the restructuring and reorganization of state-owned enterprises or the capital increase and share expansion of state-controlled listed companies, as well as the operation and management of enterprises through various means, implement the same shares and equal rights, and earnestly safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of all kinds of shareholders; In the fields of oil, natural gas, electric power, railways, telecommunications, resource development, public utilities, etc., we will accelerate the introduction of a number of projects to non-state-owned capital that are in line with industrial policies and conducive to transformation and upgrading; Carry out various types of public-private partnership pilots, and gradually promote the public-private partnership model. It is necessary to encourage state-owned capital to invest in non-state-owned enterprises in a variety of ways, and through market methods, with public services, high-tech, ecological and environmental protection, and strategic industries as key areas, equity investment in non-state-owned enterprises with development potential and good growth potential; Encourage state-owned enterprises to carry out equity integration, strategic cooperation, and resource integration with non-state-owned enterprises through various methods such as investment and shareholding, joint investment, and restructuring. Explore the implementation of employee stock ownership in mixed-ownership enterprises, and advance it in a steady and orderly manner on the basis of the experience gained from the pilot. To promote the reform of mixed ownership, it is necessary to follow laws and regulations, strict procedures, openness and fairness, effectively protect the property rights and interests of all types of investors in mixed-ownership enterprises, and put an end to the loss of state-owned assets.
Source: cnr.cn Author: Li Zhaoyi
