A few days ago, the editor received a call for help in the program "1057 Everyone Gang": Report, I seem to have found wild soybeans!
(Photo by Mr. Chan Ka-ho)
What the? Surely this isn't here to play the editor? To paraphrase what is now in vogue: sorry for taking up public resources......
What's so great about wild soybeans? Soybeans are more common, and wild soybeans are even more common. Just like a little wild cat and a little wild dog, you can see it all over the street. (There is no meaning to look down on wild cats and wild dogs here, bow ~~)
But I didn't expect that the audience's popular science made the editor's glasses fall off (shouldn't it be a big surprise...... ）
Many listeners excitedly said that wild soybean is a national second-class protected plant, which is more precious than Tianshan Snow Lotus; related to the country's food security and development plans; It is of great value for scientific research and breeding, and is related to species diversity...... I'm sorry, but I can only remember these terms.
(Photo by Mr. Chan Ka-ho)
Are wild soybeans really so precious? The point is, is what the audience discovers really the legendary wild soybean? In the show, the host Xinyi contacted relevant experts and received a positive answer. According to the plant morphology they saw from the scene, including leaves, inflorescences and photos of seeds, pods and other photos provided by Mr. Chen Jiahao, the reporter, preliminarily confirmed that this is the national second-class key protected wild plant wild soybean !!
(Photo by Mr. Chan Ka-ho)
He Weijie said excitedly in the program that there are many wild soybeans found this time, which are scattered in nearly 20 acres of wasteland, and the plants are growing well and are very lush. They plan to register the detailed information and send the seeds to the seed resource protection bank for preservation, and they will also cooperate with experts from the Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences to protect and develop the corresponding resources. He Weijie also thanked Mr. Chen and everyone for their enthusiasm for helping the show. (I'm so happy to be praised!) ）
(Photo by Mr. Chan Ka-ho)
Wow!!! Unexpectedly, everyone helped to do such a great thing. So the question is, where is the preciousness of wild soybeans?
Everyone helped the program and specially invited Dr. Yuan Yuan, an assistant researcher at the Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences. Yuan said that in her impression, this seems to be the first time that wild soybeans have been discovered in Shanghai, and as a scientific researcher in related fields, she also feels very excited.
====== the dividing line ====== to listen carefully
According to Yuan, although China is the world's largest importer of soybeans, it is actually the origin of soybeans and is the first country to domesticate and plant soybeans, with a cultivation history of at least 4,000 years. And when it comes to the origin of cultivated soybeans, we have to mention wild soybeans. It is recognized in the world that cultivated soybeans are domesticated from wild soybeans, which means that the grandfather of the soybean and edamame that we see on the market today is the grandfather of wild soybean!
Wild soybean is listed as a national second-class key protected wild plant not only because it is an endangered species, but also because of its own scientific research and application value. Soybean planting reduced the genetic polymorphism of soybean and lost a large number of genetic resources. Although the yield of wild soybean is not high, but the genetic diversity is very rich, which may contain disease resistance genes, insect resistance genes, lodging resistance genes, salinity resistance genes, etc., what breeding experts need to do is to combine these high-quality genes into the same soybean plant, cultivate a high yield, good disease resistance, and easy to harvest and manage soybeans, or cultivate a soybean with higher oil yield. In short, wild soybean is a valuable germplasm resource, and only with good germplasm can good seeds be cultivated.
Regarding the importance of wild soybean genetic resources, Yuan Yuan also shared a true story with everyone. In 2000, China and the United States conducted a soybean swap, and China gave the United States a wild soybean. However, the wild soybean was eventually acquired by Monsanto, an American agricultural company, who conducted molecular biology studies to uncover its genetic function and develop genetically modified soybeans with higher yields, higher oil yields, and disease resistance. Subsequently, Monsanto applied for patents in more than 100 countries, including China. If these patents are granted, China's cultivation of indigenous wild soybeans may infringe Monsanto's rights and interests, and the other party will have the right to impose high and unreasonable fees on China, or even prohibit the cultivation of such soybeans in China.
Therefore, seeing that the results of thousands of years of cultivation are now firmly held in the hands of the Americans, mainland experts will start from wild soybeans and extract valuable primitive genes from them, hoping that in the future, wild soybeans can be cultivated to produce a soybean variety that is better than the genetically modified soybeans in the United States, with better disease resistance, disaster resistance, yield and other aspects. Only in this way will the mainland regain the "ownership of soybeans" and will no longer be "stuck" by foreign soybeans.
Here, "1057 Everyone's Gang" also reminds the general public that wild soybeans are of great value for scientific research and breeding, and due to the deterioration of the distribution environment, the area has shrunk, and everyone needs to protect together.
Reporter: Xiao Ting Editor: Jie Yu Producer: Xiaole Review: Hu Ji