May 12 this year is the 16th National Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Day, with the theme of "Everyone Stresses Safety, Everyone Knows How to Respond to Emergencies - Strive to Improve Grassroots Disaster Prevention and Risk Avoidance Capabilities". How can we raise awareness of natural disasters? How to master the knowledge of natural disaster prevention and enhance the ability to protect oneself in the face of natural disasters? Take your child to learn these things together↓↓↓
01
Earthquake disaster avoidance
1. Principle of earthquake avoidance: stay calm, take shelter in the event of an earthquake, and evacuate to a safe place quickly after an earthquake.
2. Key points of indoor shock absorption: Hide under or next to sturdy, non-treacherable, and objects that can cover your body, such as under a firm table or low and firm furniture; You can also quickly run to a small, supported room.
Be careful to stay away from objects that may fall such as lamps and lanterns, and do not stand by windows or balconies; Do not leave the room until the shaking has stopped and the outdoor safety is confirmed; Don't take the elevator, don't delay the escape time by looking for clothes and belongings, and don't jump off the building to escape.
3. Outdoor shock absorption points: should be away from construction areas, large trees, street lamps, wires and cables; Do not be near factories or facilities that are flammable, explosive, or chemically toxic; If you are in the car, pull over in an open area as soon as possible to ensure safety; Do not park under overpasses, tall buildings, or other buildings, next to large trees, or under wires and cables.
4. Earthquake shelter in school: Students who are attending classes in the classroom should quickly hold their heads and close their eyes under the command of the teacher, hide under their respective desks, and must not run around or jump off the building to escape.
5. Effective avoidance posture: the body is curled up and reduced as much as possible, lying down or squatting; Cover your head, cover your mouth and nose with one hand, and grasp a fixed object with the other. If there is no attachment or anything to protect the head, you should adopt a self-protective position: the head should be as close to the chest as possible, the mouth should be closed, and the hands should be crossed behind the neck to protect the head and neck.
02
Fire escape and avoidance
How to escape from an indoor fire?
1. In the event of a fire, call the "119" alarm number as soon as possible, and explain the location of the fire, the substance of the fire, the size of the fire, and the trapped personnel when calling the police.
2. In the event of a fire, if the fire point has been identified and the fire is not large enough to pose a great threat, fire extinguishers, fire blankets and other fire-fighting equipment can be used to extinguish the fire. It is important to note that the first priority for minors is to ensure their own safety! If the fire is out of control, be sure to save yourself immediately.
3. In the face of smoke and flames, first of all, stay calm, judge the dangerous location and safe place, choose a suitable escape route, and evacuate quickly.
4. Cover yourself with a soaked quilt or blanket, cover your mouth and nose with a wet towel, and try to keep your body close to the ground or bend over to prevent smoke poisoning.
5. When escaping the fire scene, use stairs and elevators to escape from high-rise buildings.
6. If you do not have the conditions to escape, take shelter indoors, block the door cracks with soaked towels and clothes, and keep splashing water to cool down and temporarily resist the fire. Quickly run to the windowsill close to the crowd, and send a distress signal to the window by calling for help, flashlight, waving clothes, etc., and do not blindly jump off the building to escape.
7. If you are in danger, evacuate as soon as possible and do not waste your escape time on finding and evacuating valuables. Persons who have already moved away from the danger should not return to the danger site.
How to save yourself from forest fires?
1. If you find yourself in a forest fire area, do not panic, determine the size of the fire and the direction of the wind when it is on fire.
2. When smoke hits, cover your mouth and nose with a wet towel or clothing to avoid it quickly. If the evacuation is not timely, you should choose a flat ground where there is no combustible material nearby to avoid smoke. Do not choose low-lying areas or pits or holes. Because low-lying land and pits and holes are prone to the accumulation of smoke and dust.
3. If your clothes catch fire in a forest fire, take them off quickly, and roll on the ground quickly to prevent skin burns when you don't have time to take them off.
4. If you are surrounded by fire in the middle of a mountain, run down the hill quickly, and do not run up the hill.
5. Call the "12119" forest fire alarm number in time to report the fire, and professional firefighters will come to extinguish the fire.
03
Rainstorm disaster avoidance
1. Pay close attention to weather forecasts and early warning information during the flood season, minimize going out in heavy rainstorms, and take the initiative to avoid danger.
2. Do not walk on roads with stagnant water outdoors, pay attention to roadside flood control safety warning signs, and do not go near places with whirlpools to prevent falling into deep wells, pits and other dangerous areas with missing manhole covers.
3. Avoid manhole covers, billboards, transformers, power poles, temporary structures, dilapidated walls, roadside trees, etc.
4. Be careful to park your car on higher ground, drive through waterlogged roads, pay close attention to warning signs, and don't risk wading! The section of the road with unknown water depth should get out of the car to explore or detour, and do not blindly force traffic. If you have entered standing water, you should first unlock the door and open the window. Observe the position of the waterline and the vehicle in front of you, and prepare to escape.
5. In case of heavy rainfall, try not to take underground transportation.
6. If water intrudes into the room, cut off the power supply and air source in the house in time and transfer it to a higher place; Prepare enough food, lighters, clothing, drinking water and other daily necessities and necessary medical supplies.
7. When heavy rain comes, do not visit, camp or sleep in mountainous valleys, tidal flats, rivers, spillways and other areas.
04
Lightning disaster avoidance
1. Close doors and windows and stay away from balconies and exterior walls. Do not bathe with an electric water heater, it is best to unplug all mains and do not approach and touch any metal lines.
2. Try not to answer and make calls to cell or landline phones, and don't stick your head and hands out of the window or stand on the balcony to avoid being struck by lightning.
3. Immediately seek shelter from buildings or reinforced concrete buildings equipped with lightning rods, and remember to stay away from towering objects such as trees, power poles, chimneys, etc., and do not stay in places with metal objects.
4. If you are hiding in a car, turn off the engine, audio system, radio, etc., and close all windows so that the vehicle forms a completely enclosed space.
5. If there is nowhere else to hide, look for a lightning safety zone. Squat down with your feet together on low ground in the safety zone to prevent injuries from stepping voltage.
05
Flood disaster avoidance
1. If you have enough time, look for a plaza on higher ground, a sturdy high-rise public building, preferably above the second floor (above the water), and move to the area.
2. Pay attention to the road conditions, do not drive around, and avoid entering the subway, underground culverts, street tunnels, etc.
3. When surrounded by floods, try to get in touch with the local government's flood control department, public security, and fire department as soon as possible. Water transfers are carried out using boats, wooden rafts, door panels, wooden beds, etc.
4. When it is too late to transfer, immediately climb on rooftops, trees, and high walls, take shelter temporarily, wait for rescue, and try not to swim alone to transfer.
06
Typhoon disaster avoidance
1. Listen, watch or check the typhoon warning information on the Internet in a timely manner to understand the government's anti-typhoon countermeasures.
2. During the typhoon, do not go out or try to go out as much as possible; Close doors and windows tightly, move flower pots or other hanging items on the windowsill, and strengthen outdoor objects that are easy to be blown by the wind in time.
3. Do not take shelter near temporary buildings, billboards, towers, trees, etc., and beware of falling objects.
4. When a typhoon comes, do not walk on embankments or bridges in rivers, lakes or seas, and do not drive or ride in areas affected by strong winds.
5. Do not travel to areas where typhoons pass by, swim at beaches, and do not go out to sea by boat.
6. Do a good job of stockpiling, prepare flashlights, candles, and store drinking water, food and common medicines, etc., in case of power and water outages.
7. After the typhoon signal is lifted, you can only return after the evacuation area has been declared a safe area.
07
Landslides and debris flow disasters are avoided
1. Whether it is an outing, mountain climbing or other activity, during the summer flood season, be sure to listen to the local weather forecast, and try to avoid entering the mountain valley after heavy rain and continuous rainy days.
2. When moving in a ravine, in the event of heavy rain or heavy rain, quickly move to a safe high ground, and do not take shelter or stay at the bottom of a low-lying valley or under a steep hillside.
3. Residents living in flash flood-prone areas or gullies, canyons and creek banks must maintain a high degree of vigilance during heavy rainfall, and flee quickly if there is any abnormality.
4. After a landslide occurs, you should flee to both sides of the vertical landslide, and do not run upstream or downstream along the landslide, and do not stay on the concave slope. When you can't escape, you should quickly hold on to the trees and other fixed objects around you, take shelter under strong obstacles, and take care to protect your head.
5. When encountering heavy rain when you are out and about, pay attention to your surroundings and be especially alert to abnormal sounds such as landslides and flood roars coming from afar, which may be a sign of an impending mudslide, so evacuate immediately.
6. In the event of a sudden debris flow, be sure to stay calm and remember that the escape route should be on both sides perpendicular to the debris flow, and never evacuate in the downstream direction of the debris flow.
Life is more important than Mount Tai, disaster prevention and risk avoidance are better than the first! Let's pay attention to disaster prevention and mitigation, establish risk awareness, master escape skills, and build a solid line of defense against disasters!
Source: Student Safety Education Platform, Weiyan Education, please indicate.