As we approach June, mosquito density is increasing as temperatures gradually rise. Mosquitoes are active in summer, and people are very susceptible to bites and contract a variety of diseases, which can be disfiguring and even lead to death in severe cases.
Recently, topics related to cryptoptera such as "The woman was attacked by cryptoptera and her eyelids rotted" and "'Flying sulfuric acid' will enter an active period" and other topics related to cryptoptera have entered the hot search.
According to reports, a woman in Hunan caught a cryptoptera in her eyes, and because she knew its danger, she gently rubbed it off with her hands, but she didn't expect to be hit the next day, and the middle of her eyelids was rotten.
Cryptopteryx, also known as the green-waisted insect and the flying ant, is the "Internet celebrity" of the insect world, not only has a toxic physique, but also has a hot search physique, and many people have been tricked!
Cryptoptera contains an acidic liquid with a pH of 1-2. What is the concept of a pH of 1-2? This is already in the range of strong acids, which is about the same as the pH of ordinary concentrations of hydrochloric acid (1 mol/L of hydrochloric acid is pH 1). Therefore, if it is stained with its venom, it is easy to "burn" people, and it will make people appear cord-like, punctate edematous erythema, or papules, blisters, pustules, and even burning, itching and other symptoms.
Summer is coming, the rain is abundant, and the mosquitoes can't wait to start their activities. In addition to cryptopteryx, what other insects should I watch out for in summer? What should I do if I get bitten by one of these bugs?
Mosquito
People who like to bite and sweat a lot
Mosquitoes are widely distributed on the continent and there are many species, among which there are three important genera. Anopheles is the only vector of malaria and also transmits filariasis and encephalitis. The genus Culex is a vector of viral encephalitis and transmits filariasis in the tropics and subtropics. Aedes: transmits yellow fever, dengue fever and encephalitis. Male mosquitoes do not suck blood, but only plant sap and nectar. Female mosquitoes must feed on human or animal blood in order for their ovaries to develop, lay eggs, and become vectors of transmission by acquiring pathogens in the process of sucking blood.
How to prevent mosquito bites? It is recommended to wear long clothes and long sleeves when going out, and apply mosquito repellent to the exposed parts of the body; Try to wear light-colored clothing, mosquitoes prefer to stop on black clothing; Mosquitoes like to bite people who sweat a lot, so bathing and changing clothes frequently can remove the smell of sweat secreted on the body and reduce mosquito attacks.
If you are bitten, you can apply alkaline soap and water to the wound or rinse the wound with salt water to soften the redness and relieve itching. In addition, you can also use mosquito repellent products such as cooling oil and wind oil essence.
spider
Don't pick anywhere, you can see it everywhere
Studies have reported that there are more than 40,000 species of spiders known in the world, except for more than 300 species of spiders such as planarians and mesospiders, which are non-venomous, the rest are poisonous. The venom secreted by the venom gland in the body of the venomous spider enters the body from the bite wound, and the venom contains arachnolysin, neurotoxin, and tissue toxin, which can quickly enter the blood, causing a series of systemic poisoning manifestations.
"Black Widow" is one of the most poisonous spiders in the world, which was thought to be only found in Africa in the past, and is now also found on Hainan Island on the mainland. This spider is larger than the average spider, with a black body and longitudinal yellow stripes on its back, and prefers to weave simple webs in the grass.
In areas where venomous spiders are present, carefully observe the webs woven by non-venomous spiders and tie the cuffs of trousers tightly to prevent poisonous spider stings.
If you are bitten by a spider, wash the wound with soap and water immediately and seek medical attention promptly.
Ticks
"Meadows" are the breeding ground for their growth
Ticks, commonly known as grass rakes and ticks, usually infest grasses, shrubs, forests and other places with dense plants, and some will hide in the hair of people or animals. Ticks like to suck blood, and their size may be the size of a sesame seed before they suck blood, but after sucking blood, they can grow dozens or even hundreds of times. They are active between April ~ October every year.
According to data released by the Institute of Viral Disease Prevention and Control of the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, ticks can transmit 83 viral, 31 bacterial and 32 protozoal diseases.
Generally, ticks will be attached to the scalp, waist, armpits, groin and ankles and other parts of the human body, if you find that you are bitten by a tick, you can use alcohol to apply alcohol to the tick body, so that the head of the tick is relaxed or dead, and then use pointed tweezers to take out the tick, note, when taking the tick with tweezers, do not rotate or twist, you should clamp the head and pull it out in a straight line, do not pull it hard. After removing the tick, wash your hands and bite site with soap and water, and apply some antibiotic ointment.
After a tick bite, there may be an incubation period of one to two weeks, so further observation and treatment are still required during this time. If you have symptoms such as a high fever, you should seek medical attention as soon as possible.
hornet
Sweets and cosmetics may cause clusters
After being stung by a wasp, the skin of the sting is immediately red, swollen, painful, and even petechiae and skin necrosis; When the eye is stung, the pain is severe, tearing, red and swollen, and corneal ulcers can develop. Systemic symptoms include dizziness, headache, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, irritability, and increased blood pressure, which generally disappear within a few hours to a few days; In severe cases, drowsiness, generalized edema, oliguria, coma, hemolysis, myocarditis, hepatitis, acute renal failure, and shock may occur. Some people who are allergic to bee venom can manifest as urticaria, anaphylactic shock, etc.
If you are unfortunate enough to be stung by a wasp, first of all, stay calm. Remove the stinger left in the skin as soon as possible, as the venom enters the body very quickly, sometimes only a few seconds. It is advisable to use forceps to pull out, without squeezing the wound, to avoid injecting more venom in the process.
When you are in the wild, if you want to avoid being attacked by wasps, first of all, do not disturb the hornets and wear a hat; Secondly, do not place uncovered sugary foods and drinks in open areas to avoid wasps gathering; The chemical synthetic substances and smells contained in cosmetics often imitate natural floral fragrance, which is easy to attract bees, so do not drink alcohol or use cosmetics before traveling.
Red fire ants
Extremely destructive invasive species
The red fire ant is a type of ant, and its Latin name means "invincible" ant, so it is difficult to control. It is widely distributed and is one of the most destructive invasive organisms, and is an invasive species on the mainland.
When a human body is stung by a red fire ant, it is painful like a fire burn, followed by a burn-like blister. Most people only feel pain and discomfort, and a few people are allergic to the toxic protein in the venom, which will produce anaphylactic shock and risk death.
Do not go barefoot in areas where red fire ants are common. Red fire ant venom contains alkaloids, proteins and various enzymes, and in addition to severe pain, it often causes allergic reactions, and if the pustule bursts, it often causes secondary infection of bacteria. The best thing to do is to seek medical attention as soon as possible.
蜈蚣
And the worm is a close relative, and the sex is fierce
The centipede is a typical carnivorous animal, it is a close relative of the grasshopper and is ferocious. Centipedes often hide in dark, dry, warm rocks or grasses.
After being bitten by a centipede, there will be two small red dots on the wound, which are actually centipede's tooth marks. There is a white round bump at the bite site, followed by redness and swelling, which usually improves and disappears quickly.
If you are bitten by a centipede, tie it tightly with a cloth band over the wound to prevent the venom from entering the heart with the blood, and relax for 1 minute every 15 minutes. The wound is then washed and the venom is squeezed out. The venom of the centipede is acidic and is rinsed with 5%-10% baking soda or soapy water. After that, be sure to go to the hospital and seek professional treatment.
flea
The most severe form can cause plague in humans
Fleas are a class of parasitic blood-sucking insects that usually live on the body surface of mammals and birds. There are many kinds of fleas, there are more than 2,500 known flea species in the world, and more than 450 species are currently reported on the mainland.
Both male and female fleas suck blood, which is decisive for the survival, maturation, mating, reproduction, and longevity of adults. Each blood sucking usually takes 2-10 minutes, and multiple blood sucks are required before mating and spawning. A female flea can lay about 200-400 eggs in her lifetime.
Flea saliva contains allergens, and bites cause local amorphous erythema, papules, and wheals on the skin, which is unbearable itching. As a result of scratching and breaking the skin, it causes infection and suppuration, causing greater damage. Fleas can spread a variety of pathogens through blood sucking and frequent host changes, resulting in human and animal infection, the most serious disease is plague, as well as typhus, Roche trypanosomiasis, melioidosis, hare fever, tapeworm, etc., which bring great harm to humans and animal husbandry.
If you are bitten, avoid scratching and apply some toilet water, wind oil essence or soap to relieve itching.
In order to avoid insect bites, we must do a good job of physical protection.
1. Try to avoid sitting or playing for a long time in flowers, lawns, woods or damp and shady places with many insects.
2. If you must go, it is recommended to wear tight, light-colored and smooth long-sleeved clothes and long pants, do not wear sandals, and tie the cuffs and trousers tightly.
3. Rub cool oil or wind oil essence on the exposed parts of the skin, and when resting in the tent, close the tent and sprinkle some insect repellent water.
(References: National Emergency Broadcasting, Xinhua News Agency, Quanzhou Evening News, People's Daily Health Client, Guangdong Science Popularization, Science Guangzhou, CCTV Network, Science China, Red Network, Guangming Network, etc.)
Reporter Liang Zeming
Editor: Yang Chuying
Source: Yangcheng Evening News • Yangcheng faction