#头条创作挑战赛#
Everyone usually watches costume dramas
You should have seen such a plot -
"The sinner is so-and-so
For committing such and such a crime
Punishment of exile in such and such a place"
More famous
For example, in "The Legend of Zhen Huan".
Exile to Ningguta
So here comes the question -
Isn't exile just "walking"?
Why was it a heavy penalty in ancient times?
The main penal colony of ancient times
Where are they now?
01
What is exile?
The so-called exile
It was a form of punishment that was common in all dynasties in ancient times
In simple terms
It is to banish the offender to a remote place
Trace its history
In fact, during the Yao Shunyu period
It's already what it looks like
It is recorded in the "Historical Records of the Five Emperors"——
Shun returned to the emperor
Please work together in the secluded tomb to become Beidi
Put the donkey in the mountains to become a southern barbarian
Move the three seedlings to the three dangers to change to Xirong
The secluded tombs, lofty mountains, and three dangers here
respectively in the present
Hebei, Guangxi, and Gansu
The punishment of exile is truly systematic
It's going to be the Qin and Han dynasties
developed to the Tang Dynasty
It officially became one of the "five punishments".
Specific penalties
There are also different grades
The main difference is the "distance"
The farthest is even 3,000 miles
In some dynasties
Exile is accompanied by other punishments
For example, before distribution
Start by tattooing words on your face
After walking to the ground
to continue to serve in hard labor, and so on
02
Why is exile terrible?
In our current opinion
Exile is a form of punishment
Compared to other cruel punishments in ancient times
It doesn't seem that scary
But among the five punishments of ancient times
The severity of the punishment of exile
It is second only to direct execution
The horror of exile
There are three main points -
First, uprooting
In ancient times
The concept of returning to the hometown and returning to the roots
is deep-rooted
Sentenced to exile
It's basically like not being able to return to your hometown for the rest of your life
This is psychologically unacceptable to many people
Second, the road is long
We talked about it earlier
The destination of the exile
Featuring a remote
The tortured person walked entirely on his feet
There are a lot of potential surprises
Bad weather, eating and sleeping in the open
Contracting a disease is a high probability event
The kind of medical condition in ancient times
Many of the inmates were unable to reach their destination
Third, the conditions are harsh
Even if it really comes to the end
Living conditions in the penal colony
It is also unacceptable to most people
Modern man goes from south to north and from north to south
Huge difference in climate
It also takes a while to get used to
For the ancients
"Adapting to the water and soil" is even more likely to be "fatal".
Sum up
For the ancients
Punishment of exile
It's not as simple as "walking".
03
Where was the ancient penal colony?
Due to different dynasties
The territory is different
Specific places of exile
It also varies
But all things considered
The "appearance rate" is relatively high
There are mainly the following places -
Ningguta
Ninguta is not a tower
It was one of the penal colonies with the highest flop rates in the Qing Dynasty
The location is in Mudanjiang City, Heilongjiang Province
Because the winter is unbearable
Many exiles would make it this far
It's also hard to get out alive
Fang Ling
Fangling, Hubei
It is the only penal colony in the Central Plains
It is located between Bashan and Qinling
Exiled here
Most of them are princes, ministers, royalty and nobles
Qianzhou
Today's Sichuan-Chongqing region
The hot pot is very spicy and the pace of life is very leisurely
But the ancient Sichuan, Shu and Qianzhou
It's a favored place of exile
The landscape here is rugged
The living environment is very difficult
In many ancient poetic works
are all described
Lingnan
Lingnan in the present
Guangdong, Guangxi
Due to the remote location
The climate is humid and there are many mosquitoes
In the Tang Dynasty and other periods
It is the first place for exiles
However, with the change of dynasties
Population 南迁
The Lingnan region has become abundant
Rapid economic development
It will no longer be used as a place of exile
Yazhou
It is now Sanya, Hainan
Today's tourist attraction
In ancient times, it was a source of fear for criminals
Exiled Lands
Due to its remote location, it is surrounded by the sea on all sides
Exiled prisoner of Yazhou
Facing constant heat, hunger and other problems
It's unbearable
more than
It was the main place of exile in ancient times
With the development of the times
These places have all changed dramatically
And the word "exile".
It has also disappeared into the long river of history
Doctor for a minute, his posture rising
I'm Dr. Curious
Nice to meet you