Text: Looking at history by the column
Edit|Relying on the column to look at history
Source: All of the information stated in this article is based on reliable sources, and the specific information is detailed in the article
Preface
On May 3, China launched the Chang'e-6 lunar probe, officially starting a 53-day "lunar exploration journey".
Chang'e-5 took 23 days from launch to return to Earth, and Chang'e-6 is expected to take 53 days, but the Apollo program of the United States manned landing on the moon in the last century took only 8 days.
Why is China's lunar exploration so long, while the United States is very short? Is China's technology inferior to others?
Chang'e VI
From Chang'e-5 to Chang'e-6, China's lunar probes have taken several times longer than the United States to land on the moon, so many people say that China's lunar probes are too slow.
It took 3 days and 4 hours from the launch of Apollo 11 to the lunar orbit, but Chang'e-5 took 4 days and 16 hours, 12 hours slower than Apollo.
After entering the orbit around the moon, Apollo 11 successfully landed on the front side of the moon in only 2 days and 3 hours, and Chang'e-5 took 3 days and 2 hours to successfully make a soft landing, which is 1 day slower than Apollo.
So far, Chang'e-5 has been slow for two and a half days, but then, Chang'e-5 is taking longer and longer to collect lunar samples.
After landing, Apollo 11 spent a total of 3 hours and 45 minutes on the moon, during which time the American astronauts uttered the phrase: "One small step for me is one giant leap for mankind."
It was also during this time that the United States collected samples of lunar rocks and then brought them back to Earth, and the whole process went quickly, and came back faster, which can even be described as hasty.
After the Chang'e-5 probe landed on the moon, it took two days to sample and pack alone, and the return process took more than 2 days and 6 hours before returning to the orbit around the moon.
The U.S. Apollo returned to the lunar orbit for only 7 hours and 20 minutes, and then immediately detached from the lunar orbit and returned to Earth, while Chang'e-5 continued to fly around the moon for more than 6 days before waiting for the time window to find the right time to return home safely.
Compared with Chang'e-5, the speed of the United States' manned landing on the moon is too fast, and the speed is incredible.
I thought that after a few years of waiting, the speed of Chang'e-6 would increase, but who knew that the time required for this mission would be even longer than that of Chang'e-5.
Is it true that we are not as good as others? Or is there something else behind it? Why can't the Chang'e probe be be as fast as Apollo?
Chang'e VI
Chang'e-6 has been on a longer mission than Chang'e-5, in large part because of the different landing sites.
The moon we see is always its front, the back side of the moon has always been facing away from us, the previous lunar exploration, the landing point is in the front side of the moon that we can see, but Chang'e-6 is the first time that humans have landed on the far side of the moon.
The difference between the front and the back is that the difficulty of landing is also very different, because the moon will block satellite communication, and if there is no satellite navigation support, once the spacecraft flies to the far side of the moon, it will lose contact with the earth, and all plans will come to naught.
In order to solve the communication problem, China launched the Queqiao relay satellite, and after the first exploration of Chang'e-4, China confirmed that the Queqiao satellite can provide services for spacecraft on the back of the moon.
In order to carry out the normal mission of the Chang'e-6 probe, China launched Queqiao-2 ahead of schedule, which is like a bridge between the far side of the moon and the earth, and the situation on the far side of the moon will be revealed to the world through this relay star.
To this day, even the United States, which is far ahead in aerospace technology, has not been able to collect samples from the back of the moon, and China is the first to eat crabs.
China Aerospace News, 2024-05-05, "How Chang'e-6 Brings Back the World's First Lunar Back "Native Specialty""
Compared with the difficulty of Chang'e-5, Chang'e-6's lunar exploration journey is more complicated, so the time required has also increased exponentially.
So why can Apollo 11 complete the space mission in just 8 days?
Apollo
The short time of Apollo is mainly because the United States is a manned landing on the moon, and manned landing on the moon needs to take into account the necessary materials such as food, water and oxygen needed by astronauts.
It is understood that the US moon landing program this time is only to surpass the Soviet Union in the Cold War and draw the Soviet Union into the "aviation science and technology race", and the purpose of the moon landing is also very simple, and the samples will be returned after collection.
With the idea of a quick fix, Apollo set off with a large amount of fuel and did not store many of the essential supplies that astronauts would have to stay on the moon.
Therefore, the American astronauts only stayed on the moon for more than three hours before returning to Earth in a hurry.
China, on the other hand, is launching a probe, and we don't need to take into account food and oxygen at all, so our probe can stay on the moon for a longer time.
Although the Apollo program of the United States is great and has achieved a manned landing on the moon, to be honest, it has provided very limited scientific value in helping humans explore the moon.
China has been steadily moving forward, and each time it has explored the moon with a more ambitious mission, the ultimate goal is not only to land people on the moon, but to build a human space station on the moon.
China's Chang'e probe took a long time on the moon, not because we are inferior in technology, nor because we are delaying time, but because our scientists have arranged many tasks for spacecraft.
The execution of each mission is to test our lunar exploration technology, which will make a great contribution to the later landing of Chinese astronauts on the moon.
At present, China's aerospace industry is not lagging behind, but has surpassed the United States in some aspects, taking the lunar soil collection of Chang'e-5 as an example, NASA of the United States has to submit an application to China if it wants to obtain research qualifications.
If Chang'e-6 can successfully bring back the lunar soil on the back of the moon this time, it will once again make China lead the world, because this is the first time that humans have collected lunar soil on the back of the moon, and the United States still does not have it.
In addition, Chang'e-6 also carried probes from Pakistan, Italy, the European Space Agency and France.
Reference News, 2024-05-05, "Foreign Media: Chang'e-6 is a Model for International Cooperation in Lunar Exploration"
Among them, French instruments will be used to detect radon, and Pakistan's CubeSat satellite will be sent into lunar orbit to fly around the moon to photograph the lunar surface.
It can be said that China's trip to the moon has a heavy task, not only shouldering China's space mission, but also cooperating with many countries and undertaking a number of launch missions.
Although the American Apollo space took only 8 days, its scientific research value cannot be compared with China's lunar exploration trip, because the goals and plans of both sides are different.
In the exploration of the universe, China will cooperate with more countries, and this pattern is also incomparable to that of the United States.
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