At about 8 o'clock on 1 May, the Fujian, the mainland's third aircraft carrier, unmoored from the wharf of the Jiangnan Shipyard in Shanghai and set sail to carry out its first navigation test in relevant sea areas.
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According to the progress of the aircraft carrier construction project, this sea trial mainly tested and verified the reliability and stability of the power and power systems of the Fujian ship. Since its launch in June 2022, the construction of the Fujian ship has progressed steadily as planned, successfully completed the mooring test and commissioning of the equipment, and has the technical conditions to go to sea for testing.
At about 8 o'clock on 1 May, the Fujian, the mainland's third aircraft carrier, unmoored from the wharf of the Jiangnan Shipyard in Shanghai and set sail to carry out its first navigation test in relevant sea areas. This is a tugboat towing the Fujian ship away from the dock (drone photo). Xinhua News Agency (photo by Pu Haiyang)
At about 8 o'clock on 1 May, the Fujian, the mainland's third aircraft carrier, unmoored from the wharf of the Jiangnan Shipyard in Shanghai and set sail to carry out its first navigation test in relevant sea areas. This is a tugboat towing the Fujian ship away from the dock (drone photo). Xinhua News Agency (photo by Pu Haiyang)
At about 8 o'clock on 1 May, the Fujian, the mainland's third aircraft carrier, unmoored from the wharf of the Jiangnan Shipyard in Shanghai and set sail to carry out its first navigation test in relevant sea areas. This is the Fujian ship that is about to set sail from the dock of Jiangnan Shipyard in Shanghai. Photo by Xinhua News Agency reporter Li Yun
At about 8 o'clock on 1 May, the Fujian, the mainland's third aircraft carrier, unmoored from the wharf of the Jiangnan Shipyard in Shanghai and set sail to carry out its first navigation test in relevant sea areas. This is the Fujian ship that is about to set sail from the dock of Jiangnan Shipyard in Shanghai. Photo by Xinhua News Agency reporter Li Yun
At about 8 o'clock on 1 May, the Fujian, the mainland's third aircraft carrier, unmoored from the wharf of the Jiangnan Shipyard in Shanghai and set sail to carry out its first navigation test in relevant sea areas. This is the Fujian ship moored at the pier before the maiden voyage (photo taken on April 30). Xinhua News Agency (photo by Pu Haiyang)
At about 8 o'clock on 1 May, the Fujian, the mainland's third aircraft carrier, unmoored from the wharf of the Jiangnan Shipyard in Shanghai and set sail to carry out its first navigation test in relevant sea areas. This is the Fujian ship moored at the pier before the maiden voyage (photo taken on April 30). Photo by Xinhua News Agency reporter Li Yun
At about 8 o'clock on 1 May, the Fujian, the mainland's third aircraft carrier, unmoored from the wharf of the Jiangnan Shipyard in Shanghai and set sail to carry out its first navigation test in relevant sea areas. This is the Fujian ship moored at the pier before the maiden voyage (photo taken on April 30). Xinhua News Agency (photo by Pu Haiyang)
At about 8 o'clock on 1 May, the Fujian, the mainland's third aircraft carrier, unmoored from the wharf of the Jiangnan Shipyard in Shanghai and set sail to carry out its first navigation test in relevant sea areas. This is the Fujian ship moored at the pier before the maiden voyage (photo taken on April 30). Xinhua News Agency (photo by Pu Haiyang)
At about 8 o'clock on 1 May, the Fujian, the mainland's third aircraft carrier, unmoored from the wharf of the Jiangnan Shipyard in Shanghai and set sail to carry out its first navigation test in relevant sea areas. This is the Fujian ship moored at the pier before the maiden voyage (photo taken on April 30). Photo by Xinhua News Agency reporter Li Yun
At about 8 o'clock on 1 May, the Fujian, the mainland's third aircraft carrier, unmoored from the wharf of the Jiangnan Shipyard in Shanghai and set sail to carry out its first navigation test in relevant sea areas. This is the Fujian ship moored at the pier before the maiden voyage (photo taken on April 30). Photo by Xinhua News Agency reporter Li Yun
What aspects of the test are carried out?
The navies of various countries must conduct sea trials before the new surface ships are put into service, that is, whether the various indicators of the ships meet the design needs through actual navigation at sea. So, what aspects of the first sea trials of the Fujian ship will be tested?
Military expert Song Xiaojun: Generally speaking, the sea trials of the Fujian can be divided into two parts, one is related to equipment and the other is related to people.
Equipment-related, from the technical terms of the People's Navy, it is summarized as reliability, maintenance, testing, support, environmental adaptability and safety. This "six natures" ensure that the ship as a whole can complete all combat tasks within a unit time, including deployment tasks and tasks during navigation, ensure the integrity of equipment, and can achieve these tasks.
There are a lot of things related to people and the operation of these equipment, such as human factors engineering, including habitability, and even people's experience of the environment. For example, a young sailor is on duty in front of the radar for several hours, what kind of interface he uses, whether the lights in the house are very suitable for him, whether the noise is very suitable for him, so that he does not get tired, these things have to be tested.
Therefore, the first sea trial of the Fujian ship is a test of the equipment of the entire ship and the best condition of the people who use the ship's equipment within a certain period of time.
Will the first sea trial take longer?
The Fujian is the first catapult-type aircraft carrier designed and built entirely by the mainland, equipped with electromagnetic catapult and blocking devices, and the Fujian has adopted many new domestically produced technologies.
Military expert Song Xiaojun: I estimate that the sea trials of the Fujian ship may take a little longer than the previous Liaoning and Shandong ships, because it houses a lot of new technologies. These new technologies are not only individual technologies to reach the technical maturity level of design, but also cooperate with each other to form a whole system, and the technical maturity level must also meet the design standards.
As a simple example, such as electromagnetic catapult, the success rate of one error in 4,000 or 5,000 is required, then such a standard must be met. Therefore, from this point of view, its sea trial time may be a little longer, of course, this length does not mean that the warship is not good, but to meet the threshold and standard of its future naval construction of the same type of ship in the construction design. In this way, it may play a better role in the construction of the Navy in the future.
How are the sea trials of the Fujian different from the previous two aircraft carriers?
The Fujian is the third aircraft carrier of the mainland, and what are the differences between the sea trials of the Fujian and the previous sea trials of the Liaoning and Shandong?
Military expert Song Xiaojun: The reason why the sea trial of the Fujian ship has attracted much attention is that I think there are three differences from the first two aircraft carriers of the People's Navy.
The Fujian ship is designed and built at a zero-based starting point, completely localized. The first two aircraft carriers did have a Soviet aircraft carrier as a template, so it was not a zero base.
The tonnage of the Fujian ship will be much larger than that of the previous Liaoning and Shandong ships. To put it simply, when it gets bigger, the Fujian ship may accommodate more equipment and functions it has.
The new technology of the Fujian ship will be more intensive. For example, there is a representative electromagnetic catapult, because once the electromagnetic catapult is adopted, there are many new technologies in the entire chain, such as power systems, etc., and these new technologies also have to be tested at sea, so this is also the reason why the sea trials of Fujian ships have attracted much attention.
What kind of combat effectiveness will it play in the future?
In the future, after the Fujian ship is officially put into service after passing sea trials, what kind of unique combat effectiveness will it play among mainland aircraft carriers?
Military expert Song Xiaojun: The Navy has entered the era of three aircraft carriers, which means that one can be repaired in the factory, one can maintain a training state, and another can be on combat duty, so that the Chinese Navy can always maintain the presence of an aircraft carrier in relevant important sea areas. Once the Fujian ship passes the sea trials, it will eventually join the sequence of the People's Navy, what does it mean?
Since the Fujian uses electromagnetic catapults, its carrier-based aircraft sortie rate will be higher than that of the previous two aircraft carriers. In this way, it may be more suitable for it to undertake key tasks in some key sea areas.
The technology will be more mature as a result of the technology and the fact that it has been tested at sea, including through fill-in-the-fill repairs. In this way, it will provide a very good summary of practical experience for the next step of the People's Navy in the construction of aircraft carriers of the same type or even larger. From this point of view, after the Fujian ship joined the aircraft carrier sequence of the People's Navy through sea trials, its contribution to the future development of the Navy can be said to be very huge.
Liaoning ship→ Shandong ship→ Fujian ship
On September 25, 2012, the mainland's first aircraft carrier, the "Liaoning", was delivered to the Navy, marking the official start of the mainland's characteristic aircraft carrier road.
In the past 12 years, the Liaoning has completed a series of pioneering scientific research and test tasks, and its combat effectiveness has been steadily improved; the combat capability of the Shandong aircraft carrier formation system has become more and more comprehensive; and the Fujian has successfully completed the mooring test.
On November 23, 2012, Dai Mingmeng, a pilot of the Navy's carrier-based aircraft, successfully landed on the aircraft carrier "Liaoning" for the first time with a Chinese-made J-15 carrier-based aircraft, breaking through the key flight technologies such as the carrier-based aircraft taking off and blocking the ship in one fell swoop.
The landing of carrier-based fighters on a moving aircraft carrier is so risky and difficult that it has always been described as a "dance on the tip of a knife." At this moment, it was only two months before the mainland's first aircraft carrier, the "Liaoning," was handed over to the column.
On the morning of November 26, 2013, the "Liaoning" set sail from a military port in Qingdao.
Accompanied by the navy's guided missile destroyers Shenyang and Shijiazhuang, and missile frigates Yantai and Weifang, they went to the waters near the South China Sea to carry out scientific research experiments and military training activities. This is the first time that the "Liaoning" has organized long-term navigation training in the cross-sea zone since it was added to the ranks.
On January 13, 2017, the aircraft carrier formation composed of the Liaoning and a number of destroyers successfully completed the training and test tasks in the cross-sea area and returned home.
In this voyage, the formation carried more than 20 fighters and helicopters, crossed the Bohai Sea, the Yellow Sea, and the East China Sea, and entered the South China Sea from the waters east of Taiwan through the Bass Strait, sailing a total of 5,858 nautical miles, achieving a number of historic breakthroughs such as the aircraft carrier formation's navigation training out of the first island chain, the tactical training of aircraft carriers and carrier-based aircraft in the cross-sea area, the organization of all elements according to the typical combat organization of aircraft carriers, and the overall training of the whole process of the formation.
In November 2017, the Liaoning organized night take-off and landing training for carrier-based aircraft.
This means that the Chinese aircraft carrier Liaoning formation initially has the ability to form all-weather operations, and has taken a key step towards the formation of actual combat capabilities. This also makes China one of the few countries in the world that has mastered the technology of night take-off and landing of carrier-based aircraft pilots.
In April 2023, an aircraft carrier formation consisting of China's first domestically built aircraft carrier, Shandong, passed through the Bass Strait in April and passed through the waters southeast of Taiwan Island to conduct its first western Pacific training. It has become the norm for aircraft carrier formations to leave the island chain to carry out military training.
On the afternoon of November 30, 2023, a spokesperson for the Ministry of National Defense disclosed the news that the Fujian, the mainland's third aircraft carrier, was mooring test.
After successfully completing the mooring test and commissioning of the equipment, today, the Fujian ship of the Navy went to sea to carry out its first navigation test.
In the past 12 years, China's aircraft carriers have steadily improved their combat effectiveness from test verification, from refit and transformation to independent construction, and then to independent research and development.
Peninsula News client comprehensive collation, material sources: Xinhua News Agency, CCTV News, China Military Network, People's Navy, etc