In modern society, electricity has become an indispensable part of people's lives. Whether it is a home, a business or a public facility, it is inseparable from the support of electricity. In the power system, the substation is the facility that plays a key role. This article will introduce in detail the definition of substation, the necessity of construction, the radiation problem of substation, the classification of substation and how to carry out information construction, and discuss the key role of substation in substation information construction.
1. What is a substation?
A substation is a place where voltage and current are transformed, concentrated, and distributed in the power system. It boosts or lowers the power generated by the power plant to meet the needs of users of different voltage levels, ensuring that the electric energy can be safely and stably transmitted to various power consumption fields.
Second, why build a substation in a residential area, and whether the substation will produce radiation
In everyone's impression, substations are generally built in the suburbs or mountainous areas, and in recent years, we have begun to see substations in residential areas. Why is the substation built in a residential area, and will it produce radiation? The main reasons for this are as follows:
First of all, with the continuous development of urban construction, there are more and more residential areas, the load density is increasing, and the electricity consumption of each household is also increasing with the improvement of living standards. In order to meet the electricity needs of residents and ensure the reliability and quality of power supply, the construction of substations has become inevitable. Since residential areas are the main concentration of electricity demand, substations can be built near residential areas to meet this demand more efficiently, reduce losses in the process of power transmission, and improve power supply efficiency.
Secondly, the location of the construction of the substation is determined according to its power supply capacity and power supply range. The power supply capacity and range of a substation is limited, therefore, in order to function more efficiently, the substation needs to be built in the load center. In this way, it is the best choice in terms of power supply efficiency and economy.
Regarding the question of whether substations produce radiation, substations do produce electromagnetic radiation, but whether it is harmful to humans mainly depends on the relative distance between the substation and people. The intensity of electromagnetic radiation is safe within the specified safety distance and does not cause harm to the human body. In the case of calculating the maximum wind deviation of the conductor at all levels, the horizontal safety distance from the building is clearly defined to ensure that the residential and other buildings will not be harmed. Therefore, for substations near residential areas, as long as their construction and operation comply with the relevant standards and specifications, there will be no impact on the health of residents.
It should be noted that in order to ensure the safety of electricity in residential areas and reduce the impact of electromagnetic radiation, the construction and operation of substations should strictly comply with relevant regulations and standards, and take necessary protective measures, such as setting up shielding facilities and optimizing electrical layout, so as to minimize the impact of electromagnetic radiation on the surrounding environment. At the same time, residents should also maintain a scientific understanding of electromagnetic radiation and avoid excessive panic and misunderstanding.
3. What are the classifications of substations?
As an indispensable part of the power system, the substation undertakes the important task of power conversion, distribution and transmission. According to different classification criteria, substations can be divided into many types, each with its specific role.
First of all, according to the different functions, substations can be divided into transmission substations (or called main substations) and distribution substations. Transmission substations are mainly used to transmit electricity from power plants or grid backbones to various distribution stations to ensure the efficiency and quality of long-distance transmission of electric energy. The distribution substation, on the other hand, is responsible for distributing electricity from the transmission substation to various end users, industrial zones or communities to meet the power needs of different regions and users.
Secondly, according to the different scale and location, substations can be divided into hub substations, regional substations, regional substations, central substations and edge substations. The hub substation is located on the main line of the power grid, which is large in scale and undertakes the important task of power transmission. Regional substations are key nodes that supply power to several regions or large cities, and are responsible for the transmission and distribution of electric energy. Regional substations, central substations, and edge substations serve smaller regional power supplies.
In addition, according to the different voltage levels, substations can also be divided into high-voltage substations, medium-voltage substations and low-voltage substations. The high-voltage substation is mainly responsible for transforming the high-voltage power into medium-voltage power for the transmission of electric energy, the medium-voltage substation transforms the medium-voltage power into low-voltage power for distribution and supply to the end user, and the low-voltage substation is responsible for supplying the low-voltage power to the end user.
In general, the substation is a key link in the power system, and the stable transmission, distribution and supply of electric energy are ensured through the cooperation of different types and functions of substations.
Fourth, how to carry out information construction of substation
With the continuous development of information technology, the information construction of substation is also particularly important. The information construction of substation is mainly through the use of advanced computer technology and communication technology to realize the automation, intelligence and networking of substation operation and management. Among them, the information construction of substation mainly includes centralized, distributed and hierarchical distributed schemes. In practice, the following steps and factors need to be considered in the informatization construction of substations:
1. Demand research and program design:
- Conduct an in-depth investigation of the current status and needs of the substation, including the performance, health, data transmission and monitoring needs of the existing equipment.
- According to the survey results, a detailed plan for substation informatization construction is formulated, including equipment selection, system architecture design, data transmission protocol, etc.
2. Equipment selection and procurement:
- According to the scheme design, select digital equipment that meets the requirements, such as smart meters, sensors, data acquisition devices, etc.
- Ensure that the selected equipment has a high degree of reliability, stability and compatibility to meet the needs of the long-term operation of the substation.
3. Network architecture construction:
- Build a stable and high-speed communication network to realize real-time data transmission and sharing between various devices within the substation.
- Consider using high-quality transmission media, such as optical fiber, to ensure accurate and real-time data transmission.
4. Data acquisition and monitoring system integration:
- Install a data acquisition device to collect the operation data of each equipment in the substation in real time.
- Integrate the monitoring system to realize remote monitoring and management of the substation, including video surveillance, temperature monitoring, humidity monitoring, etc.
5. Data Management and Analysis:
- Establish a data center to store, manage, and analyze the collected data.
- Use big data, cloud computing and other technical means to conduct in-depth mining and analysis of data to provide support for decision-making.
6. Information Security Assurance:
- Strengthen information security protection to prevent data leakage and cyber attacks.
- Establish a sound information security management system and emergency response plan to ensure the stable operation of the information system.
7. Personnel training and technical support:
- Conduct information training for substation operation and maintenance personnel to improve their skill level.
- Provide continuous technical support and services to ensure the stable operation and continuous optimization of the information system.
5. The role of Substation in the informatization construction of substations
Substation plays a pivotal role in the construction of substation informatization. Not only does the software provide a range of features to support the 2D electrical design and 3D layout of the substation, but it also makes the design process more intuitive, efficient, and visual through its intelligent information model.
Substation software can quickly complete 2D principle design and 3D layout design, and realize the synchronization of 2D and 3D data, thereby simplifying the design process and improving design efficiency. In addition, it also has the design function of grounding and lightning protection system, which can automatically generate material tables and calculation books, which further reduces the error rate in the design process and improves the accuracy of the design.
In the information construction, Substation provides a comprehensive lifecycle solution for substation projects by pairing it with other design and simulation applications, as well as collaboration and asset performance services. This integrated solution helps speed project delivery, improve project reliability, and reduce substation operating costs.
At the same time, Substation supports automatic saving and real-time update of project information, so that the design team can obtain the latest design data in real time, improving the efficiency of team collaboration. With an intelligent information model, Substation can also automate reporting, including bills of materials, line length reports, and purchase orders, further streamlining the project management process.
In general, Substation plays a key role in the informatization construction of substations, promoting the process of substation informatization construction and improving the intelligence level of the power system by providing powerful design functions and information management functions.
Software Details: OpenUtilities Substation Substation Design Software | Intelligent substation electrical design system
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