Dictation丨Li Jixiong Writing丨Xu Xiao
In 1948, I joined an insurance company and engaged in insurance practice.
In 1955, he entered the insurance special class of the Central Financial Cadres School, and in 1956, he stayed in the school to engage in insurance teaching.
In 1979, he participated in the National Insurance Work Conference that decided to "resume business";
After 1980, he presided over the construction of insurance disciplines, such as the restoration of the insurance major of the Central University of Finance and Economics (Central School of Finance and Economics), the establishment of the Department of Insurance, the training of a master's degree in insurance, and the establishment of the Institute of Actuarial Science.
Over the past decades, I have personally experienced and witnessed the ups and downs and development and prosperity of China's insurance industry and China's insurance education.
I was born in November 1931.
In July 1948, I joined the Yungtay Product Insurance Company in Shanghai, and later transferred to the China Uni-President Product Insurance Company.
Our workflow is: after the insurance policy comes, we have to go to the site to investigate, determine the risk level and insurance rate, and issue the policy. Determining the rate is a key link, and if you make a mistake, you will be punished, so you should be cautious and follow the "old insurance" to learn and do it.
At that time, there was an amateur association of the insurance industry in Shanghai (Baolian), and we often went to participate in activities, listened to various lectures, increased our knowledge, and had some cultural and sports propaganda activities, and later learned that Baolian was a peripheral organization of the Communist Party.
After the liberation of Shanghai, most private insurance companies were dissolved and closed down, so I joined the East China Branch of the Chinese People's Insurance Company.
Dispatched by PICC East China, I voluntarily left Shanghai and went to Anhui. At that time, there was no PICC there, only an insurance office located in the business department of the Anhui Branch of the People's Bank of China, and the environment was much more difficult than in Shanghai, and the wages were lower than in Shanghai. On the one hand, we must carry out insurance business, on the other hand, we must do market research, understand the situation of industrial and commercial households in each region, set up branch companies if the standards are sufficient, set up agency offices within the People's Bank of China if the standards are not enough, and provide business guidance to part-time agents.
In 1952, southern and northern Anhui merged to establish the Anhui branch of PICC, and I was one of the founders of Anhui PICC.
In the mid-50s, PICC vigorously developed the rural insurance business, and Shanghai sent two teams to Anhui to carry out cattle insurance and cotton insurance. Later, there were all kinds of coercive orders, violations of law and discipline, etc., and the cadres who made mistakes had to be dealt with, and I also dealt with these things as an inspector of the provincial branch.
In addition to insurance work, we often participate in emergency rescue and disaster relief work according to the arrangements of the local party and government. In July 1952, when a waterlogging broke out in Anhui, two villages in the upper and lower reaches of the low-lying area along the Huai River fought due to the flood discharge problem, and militias were dispatched from both sides. The provincial party committee urgently dispatched two cadres from the provincial insurance company, including me, to the scene of the incident that night.
The final solution were:
First, the Ministry of Armed Forces will collect the militia's knives, guns and ammunition, and then sign an agreement to break the embankment and release the water, and the government will promise to compensate the party that suffers the damage. For the first time, I knew that this would happen in the countryside, and I was educated.
In July 1954, I was sent to Quanjiao County by the Provincial Flood Control Headquarters, and the day after I arrived, heavy rains fell, the county was trapped, countless houses collapsed, and people could not get out. At that time, the main work was to fight floods and rescue people, and the most important thing was to mobilize the masses to dig soil and build polders on the spot to protect the grain bureau.
Later, when the soil could not be dug up, I piled up whole bags of flour and built an embankment, which was distressing to see, but there was no way. After the disaster, I was there to handle insurance claims, and I was trained in the process for more than 70 days.
During my stay in Anhui, I joined the regiment and the party within a year.
In September 1955, the company sent me to study in the insurance special course of the Central Financial Cadres School (the predecessor of the Central University of Finance and Economics). The insurance training course is equivalent to a training base for PICC, in addition to the regular business knowledge, there is also new insurance training, which is available for three months or several months. I studied in the dry school for half a year, and before I graduated, the school said that I wanted to stay in school. I am very excited to work from the grassroots to the central unit.
In the first half of 1956, I was first transferred by the head office to join the agricultural insurance investigation team, and went to Guangdong to learn about the planting and growth of sugarcane. At that time, the head office wanted to keep me, the Anhui company wanted me to go back (all my colleagues who came to Beijing with me to study went back), and the school wanted me to stay in school. After the summer vacation, the Personnel Bureau of the State Council issued an order to let me go back to school. Insurance companies and cadre schools are under the control of the Ministry of Finance, and it is still effective to organize a paper appointment.
And so my teaching career began.
From the second half of 1956, I worked as a teaching assistant in the Department of Insurance, where I assisted the teachers in collecting materials, compiling teaching materials, and making wall charts. In 1957, he worked as a tutor for the cadre training class. By the beginning of the Great Leap Forward in 1958, the situation had changed. In September 1958, on behalf of the school, I went to Changsha to participate in the National Pig Insurance Field Conference. In order to emancipate our minds, we went to Macheng, Hubei Province to see the high-yield satellite fields, knowing that it was not the truth, and we couldn't say anything, and then we went to visit the modern production line of Wuhan Iron and Steel.
Then I went to Zhengzhou, Henan Province, and said that the central government had major matters to convey, and the final result was:
According to the development of the movement situation, the Central Finance and Trade Work (Xi'an) Conference held that "after the people's commune, the role of insurance work has disappeared, and the domestic insurance business should be immediately suspended, except for foreign insurance business, which must continue to be handled." "When I returned to the school, the spirit of the meeting was conveyed, the insurance teaching and research department was abolished, and other personnel were assigned to Inner Mongolia, Guizhou and other places, and I stayed in the school and worked in the library and the political department successively, and the person in charge of the library was branded as a rightist at that time.
In December 1958, the People's Bank of China Head Office Cadre School merged with the Central Financial Cadre School to form the Central Financial Cadre School. In 1960, the Central Institute of Finance and Economics was officially launched, with two brands, "Central Institute of Finance and Finance" and "Central Finance and Financial Cadre School", and a set of people internally.
In September of the same year, a group of undergraduate students were enrolled. At the same time, the central government approved the first phase of the foreign exchange class (equivalent to the current international finance major) of 68 people, all of whom were selected from various provinces, municipalities and districts, including 15 foreign-related insurance people.
It is said that this was requested by Liu Shaoqi, because at that time, there was a serious shortage of professional talents and they were aging to engage in international financial trade and port trade. 15 of the 68 people recruited are engaged in insurance, and it can be said that the undergraduate teaching of insurance began here. After graduating in three years, the students were assigned to work at various ports and overseas. Later, the central government decided that Zhongcai officially recruited students majoring in international finance (including foreign-related insurance), and planned to recruit 50 people every year, and insurance has been placed in international finance.
After the start of the Cultural Revolution in June 1966, the whole school was suspended, and the international finance major actually only recruited two classes, those who came in in 1964 studied for two years, and those who came in in 1965 only studied for one year. Although I didn't learn much, I later became the backbone, because there is really a lack of talents in international finance. In January 1964, when China and France established diplomatic relations, Zhongcai opened a French course in international finance in accordance with the instructions of the superiors.
In September 1969, the State Council decided to suspend and abolish the Central Finance Department, and the cadres above the director of the school were left behind by the central government, and some below the middle level were transferred to the Liaoning University of Finance and Economics in Dalian, some were left in Beijing, and some were sent to other places. The school no longer exists, and the site is occupied by the Beijing Cigarette Factory.
My family was sent to Gansu and Anhui for eight years from 1971.
My wife and I went to Tianshui in Gansu Province first, and my daughter also went a year later. At that time, there were about ten Zhongcai teachers who went to Gansu, and they were all selected by the Second Machine Department. The Great Wall Switch Factory is a confidential unit, and I work there as a workshop instructor. We stayed in Gansu for four years because of my emphysema and asked to be transferred. Through the relationship between my lover, our whole family went to Bengbu, Anhui. My wife is the director of the nursing department in the Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, and I am the deputy head of the cadre department.
In March 1978, the State Council decided to restore the Central Institute of Finance and Finance.
There was no one and no house, so the school smoked the people from Dalian back, asked the Beijing cigarette factory for an office room, and set up a few simple rooms next to the courtyard fountain. In November of the same year, Yu Tianyi and Wang Yunzhi went to Anhui Institute of Finance and Trade to learn from me, and they met me on the road, and they said: The Central Institute of Finance has been restored, and they are looking for someone, are you willing to come back?
Of course, I am willing, but I can't ask for it! First, I explained to the leaders of Bengyi that it was the decision of the central government to restore Zhongcai, and second, I promised to finish the work of implementing the policy at hand before leaving.
Therefore, in May of the following year (1979), he returned to Beijing to report to the school, and after returning, he was arranged in the Department of International Finance of the Department of Finance, and began to engage in insurance again. When I first came back, I didn't have a house to live in, so I rented a farmer's house and was a neighbor with Mr. Qian Zhongtao.
In November 1979, the head office of the People's Bank of China held a national insurance work conference to make arrangements for the resumption of domestic insurance business. The meeting decided that from 1980 onwards, insurance companies across the country were officially listed to summon the "old insurance" to return to the team.
In view of the ever-expanding development situation of reform and opening up, the mainland's foreign-related insurance cadres could not continue, so the party leading groups of the Ministry of Finance and the People's Bank of China decided that Zhongcai should first open an international insurance class. At that time, there was no Department of Insurance, but under the Department of Finance, there were majors in Finance, Accounting, Finance, and International Insurance.
In 1980, the first undergraduate program of the International Insurance Program was recruited, with a total of 40 students recruited from Beijing and coastal provinces. Foreign teachers were invited to teach English, and the old leaders and experts of the People's Insurance Corporation were invited to teach English, such as Shi Zheming, Wang Yongming, Lin Zhenfeng, Li Jiahua, Wei Runquan, Cheng Wanzhu, Li Qiang, etc., all of whom gave lessons to students. There is no uniform textbook, and the teachers bring their own materials.
In 1984, I took the first batch of 13 international insurance graduates to PICC Shanghai branch for internship, I invited the teachers Tao Shenghan, Yao Daren, Tang Xiongjun, etc. to come out for a symposium.
At that time, because the Beijing cigarette factory refused to relocate, Zhongcai did not have a school building and could not start school on time, so the 80th grade did not start until November of that year, and there was no holiday during the first winter vacation, so I stayed to make up for the class. It is also because of the lack of school buildings that there was no enrollment in 1981, so Zhongcai did not have 81 grades, which is estimated to be unique in the country.
Because I am an international insurance major, foreign languages are very important, but I am not good at foreign languages myself. My wife helped me contact Beijing Language Institute and studied English for more than half a year, which will be of great help to me in my future work.
Zhongcai Insurance Class 80 is the first undergraduate student majoring in insurance in China. After 1984, other schools also prepared for insurance majors, we were like a seeding machine, sending insurance teachers, and the first batch of students went to Nankai, Shanghai University of Finance and Economics, and Shanghai Bank School after graduation.
At the same time, we have also trained insurance teachers for the whole country in various ways, such as: teaching insurance teachers in insurance professional teacher classes and TV universities, widely disseminating the concept and experience of insurance discipline construction and professional talent training by receiving a large number of research and visiting students, and actively carrying out lecture activities in sister universities, and I myself served as a part-time professor in Guangdong College of Finance (now Guangdong University of Finance) and other schools.
Zhongcai is the first institution of higher learning in China to offer insurance majors and carry out insurance education for the longest time. Especially in the early 1980s, insurance education can be said to be a blank slate, whether it is teaching plans, curriculum or implementation plans, textbook construction and teacher training, everything is starting from scratch. My colleagues and I combined theory and practice, and explored it step by step.
In January 1986, the Department of Insurance was separated from the Department of Finance and the Department of Insurance was established as a separate department, and I served as the first head of the department and began to train master's students in the direction of insurance theory. In 1993, he founded the Institute of Insurance Actuarial Science and began to train graduate students in insurance actuarial science.
I have successively taught undergraduate and master's students, opened a large number of core insurance professional courses such as insurance principles, marine insurance, maritime law, insurance market research, etc., and also organized and compiled the first batch of insurance textbooks in the country. He was promoted to lecturer in 1982, associate professor in 1987, and professor in 1990.
According to the needs of teaching, we planned to import from the United Kingdom the Chartered Insurance Institute (CII) Membership Examination Center and the teaching materials it used, but some people in the PICC advocated that the CII examination center should be located in Changsha, Hunan Province, the China Insurance Management Cadre College in Changsha, Hunan Province, so Zhongcai's idea was shelved.
Soon, a new insurance company appeared in the market, and the source of CII membership examination students was no longer limited to PICC, so Zhongcai was able to set up a CII membership examination center, introduce relevant teaching materials for examination subjects, and achieved certain results in independent operation, and won a reputation at home and abroad.
In July 1986, Cheng Wanzhu, deputy general manager of PICC Corporation, accompanied Professor Tang Xiongjun of the Institute of World Economy of the Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences to Zhongcai to guide the work and discuss the introduction of North American insurance actuarial teaching projects.
According to the agreement between Professor Tang Xiongjun and his old classmate Professor Duan Kailing (tenured professor of Temple University), Professor Duan came to Beijing in the fall of 1988 to discuss how to introduce the actuarial teaching program of North American insurance.
At that time, the Ministry of Finance was very supportive, but Yang Chunyi, director of the Department of Education, proposed to Professor Duan whether to introduce the project into the Jiangxi Finance Institute, but failed to reach a consensus. Later, at the recommendation of Li Haoyuan, Director of the Education Department of the People's Bank of China, the North American Actuarial Science Teaching Project was implemented in Nankai University in Tianjin.
Four years later, we signed a cooperation agreement with Duncan, President of the Institute of Actuaries, to successfully introduce the British actuarial teaching program.
In December 1992, the delegation of Zhongcai visited the Institute of Actuaries, the Chartered Insurance Institute, the Scottish Institute of Actuarial Research, the Oxford Institute of Actuaries and the Actuarial Department of Eagle Star Insurance Company.
After years of teaching and scientific research practice, Zhongcai Insurance Professional Education has gradually blazed its own trail and has become the leader of higher education in insurance majors in China. After decades of development, Zhongcai's students are all over China's insurance industry, and many of them are excellent, such as Miao Jianmin, who once served as the chairman of PICC Group, Luo Yanjun, who is now the director of the State Administration of Financial Regulation, and so on.
All in all, since I joined the insurance company in 1948, I have never left insurance in my life, except for 8 years in the middle of the Cultural Revolution, so I am familiar with the people and things in the insurance industry. The insurance company needs talents in insurance, or it is going to conduct training, and other schools are going to open courses in insurance, and the school has ideas or problems in insurance, so it mentions "go to Li Jixiong".
In this way, I was pushed by the situation to do a lot of meaningful things. If there are any achievements, they are also achieved under the leadership of my superiors and the joint efforts of my colleagues, not because I am alone.
Annex:
In 2017, Hongru Financial Education Foundation awarded Professor Li Jixiong the "Lifetime Achievement Award in China's Finance Discipline".
Mr. Li Jixiong's contribution to the construction of financial discipline was introduced
Li Jixiong, male, Han nationality, born in 1931 in Suzhou, Jiangsu, is a professor, a well-known financial and insurance scientist and financial and insurance educator in China. In 1948, he entered the insurance company and engaged in insurance practice, in 1955, he entered the insurance special class of the Central Financial Cadres School, and in 1956, he stayed in the school to engage in insurance professional teaching. He was promoted to lecturer in 1982, associate professor in 1987, and professor in 1990. He has been rated as an advanced worker and an outstanding Communist Party member many times. He has successively served as the director and honorary director of the Department of Insurance of the Central Institute of Finance and Economics, the honorary dean of the China Institute of Actuarial Science of the Central University of Finance and Economics, the consultant of the School of Insurance, and a member of the academic committee of the school; he has served as a director, executive director and member of the academic committee of the Insurance Society of China; a member of the Economic Professional Technical Committee of the Ministry of Personnel; a member of the Teaching Materials Working Committee of the People's Bank of China Headquarters; and a consultant for the production of life tables in the life insurance industry of Chinese. Since 1993, he has been enjoying special government allowances.
1. Open up new precedents and build insurance disciplines
Professor Li Jixiong has spared no effort in the construction of insurance disciplines in mainland China and has played a pillar role.
In November 1979, the head office of the People's Bank of China held a national insurance work conference in Beijing to make specific arrangements for the full restoration of domestic insurance in 1980.
Under the situation of reform and opening up, the problem of lack of foreign-related insurance business cadres in open ports in various places needs to be solved urgently. In response to the decision of the Party Group of the Ministry of Finance and the Head Office, Professor Li Jixiong established the earliest "International Insurance" major in the country at the Central Institute of Finance and Finance, and began to recruit undergraduates in 1980, becoming a pioneer and benchmark of insurance education in mainland China. In January 1986, Professor Li Jixiong founded the Department of Insurance of the Central Institute of Finance and began to train master's students in insurance theory. In 1993, he founded the Institute of Insurance Actuarial Science and began to train graduate students in insurance actuarial science.
2. Teach and cultivate insurance talents
Professor Li Jixiong has always looked at the global insurance industry, adhering to the principle of combining international experience with domestic experience. Professor Li Jixiong led the introduction of the Chartered Insurance Institute (CII) Membership Examination Center and the relevant teaching materials used in the examination subjects, which not only broadened the horizons of the practitioners in the field of insurance, but also promoted the school's international insurance students to obtain the Chartered Insurance Institute of the United Kingdom (ACII) Associate Membership (ACII) pass rate has repeatedly set a record, and won a reputation for China's insurance education at home and abroad. At the same time, Professor Li Jixiong has continuously improved the teaching curriculum of international insurance with reference to the content of CII examination subjects, and has achieved remarkable results. Professor Li Jixiong has visited many famous overseas universities, including Wisconsin State University, Temple University, the Insurance Association of North America, the Society of Actuaries of North America, the Chartered Insurance Institute, the Oxford Institute of Actuaries and the University of Heriot-Watt in Scotland, to exchange views on the development of insurance education and research, and to explore the introduction of risk management and actuarial science. The International Insurance major of the Central Institute of Finance and Economics has become a model and leader in the higher education of insurance majors in China.
Professor Li Jixiong has continuously dedicated himself to the three-foot podium, teaching core courses such as insurance principles, marine insurance, maritime law, and insurance market research for undergraduates and master's students, and has cultivated a large number of outstanding people. In 1992, Professor Li Jixiong, who served as the head of the Department of Insurance of the Central Institute of Finance and Finance, reached an agreement with Duncan, President of the Institute of Actuaries, on the introduction of British actuarial programs, and established China's actuarial education program, which has trained batches of qualified actuarial talents for China. He has trained CEOs and chief actuaries of the world's largest insurance conglomerates.
In addition, Professor Li Jixiong has led the Department of Insurance to actively support the development of insurance disciplines in relevant institutions. First, he compiled the first batch of insurance textbooks in the country, such as "Introduction to Insurance", "Marine Insurance" and "Marine Insurance", and sent excellent insurance teachers to brother colleges, including the directors of insurance departments of many domestic colleges and universities; Third, he provided counterpart support to colleges and universities in the western and remote areas, and actively carried out lecture activities at sister colleges, and he himself also served as a part-time professor at Guangdong College of Finance (now Guangdong University of Finance) and other schools to improve the level of insurance teaching in various places.
Professor Li Jixiong's long-term achievements in scientific research, talent training and academic echelon construction have supported and promoted the establishment of the China Institute of Actuarial Science of the Central University of Finance and Economics and has become a key research base for humanities and social sciences of the Ministry of Education. In recent years, the Central University of Finance and Economics has set up an innovation and intelligence introduction base for insurance risk analysis and decision-making on this basis, which has been approved as the "Discipline Innovation and Intelligence Introduction Program for Colleges and Universities" (i.e., the "111 Plan"), and established an international joint innovation experimental center for insurance and risk management.
At the beginning of this century, the American Insurance Economics Society selected 10 experts who have made outstanding contributions to insurance education and insurance research around the world, including two Chinese, one is Professor Fang Mingchuan of Fengjia University in Taiwan Province of the mainland, and the other is Professor Li Jixiong of the Central University of Finance and Economics. At the end of 2007, the Association of Actuaries of China was formally established and awarded Professor Li Jixiong the honorary certificate of "Outstanding Contribution to China's Actuarial Career", and in November 2009, Professor Li Jixiong was selected as one of the "60 Insurance Persons in the 60 Years of New China".
3. Write books and lectures to enrich insurance teaching resources
Professor Li Jixiong actively organized domestic insurance experts and scholars to compile a number of basic textbooks, including "Property Insurance" (Wang Yongming, Liu Fengzhu) and "Life Insurance" (Cai Zhitong). In 1985, Professor Li Jixiong and Professor Chen Jiru co-edited "Introduction to Insurance", which filled the gap in insurance education textbooks in mainland China. In the same year, Professor Li Jixiong gave a lecture on "Introduction to Insurance" at the Central Television and Radio University, exploring the practice of multi-level insurance education. In 1987, Professor Li Jixiong, together with Professor Wei Runquan and Professor Ying Xiangmin, co-edited "Marine Insurance", which built a basic theoretical teaching system for the education of foreign-related insurance personnel. At the same time, Professor Li Jixiong's research on international conventions and relevant rules involved in international commerce and maritime industry has also attracted extensive attention from the insurance industry and the maritime sector. In 1996, Professor Li Jixiong edited the textbooks "Life Insurance" and "Ship Insurance" for the National Higher Education Self-study Examination, which benefited many insurance practitioners.
Fourth, forge ahead and help the insurance industry
Professor Li Jixiong attaches great importance to the mutual benefit of teaching and research, and actively makes suggestions and suggestions for national policies.
In 1980, Professor Li Jixiong published papers such as "Theory on the Establishment of Insurance Fund" and "Insurance is an Integral Part of Financial Business" in Insurance Research, which provided a theoretical basis for the development of the insurance industry in the early stage of resumption. In 1984, he published a paper entitled "Management of Socialist Insurance Enterprises" in Insurance Research, which studied how to develop the insurance industry and how to manage insurance enterprises under the national conditions of the mainland. In 2001, he published a paper in the Journal of the Central University of Finance and Economics entitled "Welcoming the WTO and Accelerating the Development of China's Insurance Industry", which clarified the development ideas of the mainland insurance industry under the environment of world economic integration.
Professor Li Jixiong has successively published articles such as "The Business Efficiency and Operation Management of Insurance", "The Characteristics of Financial Activities of Insurance Enterprises", and "A Brief Introduction to Insurance Agents and Insurance Brokers", which provide solutions to specific problems in the development of the insurance industry. In the early 1980s, in response to the situation that Mr. Bao Yugang, the "king of ships" in Hong Kong at that time, invested in the development of the navigation industry in China and requested the introduction of ship insurance and ship construction insurance, Professor Li Jixiong systematically studied the relevant theories of ship insurance, and successively published "The Origin and Development of Ship Insurance", "Mainland Ship Insurance", "Ship Construction Insurance", and "Introduction to the New Clause Format of London Ship Insurance" and other articles, and made special reports for the mainland shipbuilding industry company at a specially convened meeting, which played an important role in opening up the mainland ship insurance market and promoting the development of the mainland shipbuilding industry.
In 1989, Professor Li Jixiong published a paper "Learning from Foreign Experience to Develop Insurance Education in the Mainland" in Insurance Research, and in the same year, he published a paper "Chronicle of Insurance Education in the United States" in Shanghai Insurance, thinking about the issue of insurance education in mainland China from an international perspective.
Fifth, give full play to the residual heat and create a good story
Since the beginning of this century, the university has created relevant conditions, and Professor Li Jixiong has continued to train and supervise more than 10 graduate students, and cooperated with many graduate students, all of whom have obtained master's or doctoral degrees. He has also participated in dozens of master's and doctoral thesis defenses in our university, Peking University, Chinese Renmin University, Nankai University, University of International Business and Economics, PBC Finance Graduate School and other schools; and often attends various insurance academic and professional activities such as the China Insurance Education Forum, and even international exchanges.
Today, as a consultant of the School of Insurance of the Central University of Finance and Economics and the honorary president of the China Academy of Actuarial Science, Professor Li Jixiong continues to care about the development of China's insurance industry. In recent academic activities, Professor Li Jixiong also put forward his own point of view: insurance has a certain socialist gene in essence, and while helping each other in the same boat, it can regulate society and increase harmony. He called on and stressed the need to strengthen the guarantee function of insurance to better escort economic and social development.