Li Xing's "Sacrifice to Zhuge Prime Minister", each book has different names, as well as "Zhuge Liang's Former Mansion", "Zhuge Wuhou's Former Mansion", "Zhuge Ancestral Fortress" and other names. I have already combined the "Han River as the boundary" to solve the "Yang of Chu" in the text, and today I will say "the Son of Heaven ordered me" separately.
Du Xiaolong's "Romance of the Three Kingdoms: Full Translation of Pei Songzhi's Note"
I found two translators, but they were not very satisfied.
The most critical part of this article is the first six sentences: "The Son of Heaven ordered me, in the sun of Wei, listen to the drum and think forever, the legacy of the sage, climb the mountain to look far away, the hometown of Shi Zhuge ". At first glance, I usually think that the "hometown of Zhuge is in the "Longshan" of the "Yang of Chu". Shuibei is yang, so Longshan and Zhuge Liang's house should be in the north of Hanshui.
In 1988, Nanyang folk scholars began to use Li Xingwen's "Yang of the Mountains" as a weapon to deny the position of the "Yin of the Mountains" in the scenic area of Gulong, which was originally thought to be nine out of ten, but the Xiangyang side quickly found an explanation: "The Yang of Yu Zhi" is only related to "the Son of Heaven ordered me", and has nothing to do with "Denglong Mountain" and "the hometown of Shi Zhuge at all", thinking that the latter sentences are all in the Yin of the Mountains.
However, there is no trace of a sentence in the full text, "from the Yang to the Yin".
It is very overbearing for Xiangyang scholars to add a "second place" and then force everyone to use the "second impression" at this time to forget the "first impression", so I have always opposed it.
Of course, the Xiangyang side is not "flat", but an analysis of the situation at that time: "The Son of Heaven ordered me" refers to the fact that Liu Hong served as the general of Zhennan in 303 and was ordered to conquer Zhangchang in the Yang of Chuzhiyang. The Zhennan General's Mansion is in Xiangyang, so it is inevitable to return to Xiangyang after the completion of the mission in 304, and it is believed that "anyone with a little historical knowledge knows it", and there is no need to add an extra sentence of "crossing the river".
It seems that there is a "historical basis", but in fact it is just an inference from historical materials, not direct evidence.
So such an explanation appeared only in a few meetings led by Xiangfan. The meeting presided over by the Henan Academy of Social Sciences, as well as the third-party Professor Cao Wenzhu of Beijing Normal University, did not agree, believing that "the Son of Heaven ordered me" refers to the sacrifice of Zhuge Liang.
Xiangyang Fang thinks that "there is no place in the official history that the Son of Heaven ordered the sacrifice of Zhuge Liang" to deny the "sacrifice", and it is a bit overbearing, and a large number of official sacrifice events in the ancient monuments and ancient texts have not been on the official history. And it's also a double standard, you can rely on reasoning to return to the yin of the can, and others must give empirical evidence when they stay in the yang of the can?
Xiangyang started to start, and some people in Nanyang also learned to reason, and took advantage of the situation to admit that "the Son of Heaven ordered me" was to refer to the levy, but it refers to the expulsion of Sima Shi in Wancheng in August 305, or it is believed that Liu Hong is still often stationed in Wanchang after the conquest of Zhangchang, after all, there is no evidence that the order of the Son of Heaven has been canceled ("Jin Shu Lie Biography Seventy" "Zhao Yi Ning Shuo general, leading the Nanban captain Liu Hong Zhenwan").
I have always opposed the "war theory" and held the "sacrificial theory", but no one can convince anyone with subjective judgment, so I still use the convenience of the modern Internet to comprehensively search for the usage of "the Son of Heaven ordered me" in history.
Then I discovered the shallowness of my knowledge, and it turned out that the four words "the Son of Heaven ordered me" were so common, but Li Xing was "using the dictionary". None of the hundreds of experts on both sides pointed out that they missed the opportunity to popularize science to us.
"The Book of Poetry, Xiaoya, Out of the Car" (excerpt)
The king ordered Nanzhong to go to the city in the square. Get out of the car Peng Peng, and get out of the Yangyang. The Son of Heaven ordered me to be the other side of the city. He Nanzhong, Xuan Yu Xiang.
In the past, I went back, and I was in the past. Now I think about it, rain and snow. The king's affairs are difficult, let alone start living. Won't you be nostalgic?
"The Book of Songs" is one of the five classics of the Han Dynasty, which is compulsory for Confucian students.
Every sentence in the Book of Poetry has been repeatedly interpreted by scholars from all walks of life, and as a result, there have been different interpretations of Qilu, Han and Mao. By the time of the Eastern Han Dynasty, although Mao's poetry began to dominate, the influence of the other three, including the new interpretations of later scholars, still continued to appear, and the controversy never stopped.
There are many explanations for the sentence "The Son of Heaven ordered me" in "Out of the Car", for example, Zheng Xuan and others believe that it is during the period of King Wen, the Son of Heaven refers to the King of Zhou, and another group of people think that it is the period of King Wu of Zhou, and the Son of Heaven refers to the King of Zhou. Due to the injustice of the king of Zhou, the king of Zhou is righteous, which determines the connotation of the poem, which is very important.
"Notes on the Book of Poetry" Yang Mingshi
And the most uncontroversial "I" for us ordinary people, the bigwigs think that the commanders and coolies responsible for the construction of the city, not the leading generals.
"Mao's Poetry Justice Shu"
From the perspective of future generations, if the general said the words "the Son of Heaven ordered me", it was very glorious and proud, but under the interpretation of ancient scholars, there was a sense of sadness. Especially if Zheng Xue's explanation is adopted, "I" work for the king of Xu, which is even more sad and resentful.
"Mao's Poetry Justice Shu"
So back to "Sacrifice to Zhuge Prime Minister", which interpretation will the author Li Xing adopt?
In the Han Dynasty, Lu Hanqi, known as the "Three Poets", had declined by the end of the Han Dynasty, and the "Ancient Literature School" of Mao's poetry represented by Zheng Xuan was dominant, but Zheng Xuan was a master of both ancient and modern times. "Huayang Guozhi" (the first master) "Circumvent Chen Yuanfang (Qi poems) and Zheng Kangcheng (Mao poems)", Zhuge Liang and Zheng Xuan were born in Qi like each other, so they may be of the same school as Liu Bei, so they will be familiar at first sight. Under the influence of Liu Bei and Zhuge Liang, the official Shu Han should also be Zheng Xuan's faction.
According to Meng Mo's "Treatise on the Ancient History of the Zhou Dynasty", there are Yang Chong and others of the ancient literature school in Yizhou, and then there are a bunch of Jingzhou schools that were educated by Song Zhong and Sima Hui to learn ancient literature, and there is no doubt that the whole is an ancient literature school. Moreover, Professor Meng also argues that Qian Zhou's quotation of "Zhou Li" and other behaviors belong to a typical school of ancient literature.
The point is that Li Mi is his student, Li Xing is Li Mi's son, and Li Xing used the "Book of Rites" in the sentence "Listening to the Drums", so there should be no problem with Li Xing's similarity with Zheng Xuan's doctrine.
According to our previous screenshot, Zheng Xuan and others' understanding of "the Son of Heaven ordered me, and the city is the other side of the city" can be imagined, "King Xu, the faint king, let us come to the frontier to build a city...... I really want to go home", and later generations regarded the expedition as a funeral, so Li Xingwen's overall atmosphere may be a kind of sadness. (Of course, this is just to help you appreciate the full text, and it has little to do with the ploughing test)
From the original meaning of "The Book of Songs, Out of the Car", even if "the Son of Heaven ordered me" refers to the construction of the city, it is also related to the border defense of the war. But I personally think it is more appropriate to interpret it as "sitting in the Yang of Chuzhiyang", because not long after the battle in 303, Zhang Chang had already fled to Jiangxia in the south of the city, and the whole war no longer belonged to the Yang of Chuzhiyang. Then it is emphasized that "the Son of Heaven ordered me" should not be completely interpreted as a glorious declaration, and it is best to substitute the emotion of "thinking about returning to the soldiers" in "Out of the Car" according to the traditional view (the original sentence has "How difficult it is for the king, let alone start living. Don't you feel nostalgic").
Of course, after all, there is a thousand years between the "Book of Songs" and Li Xing, and it is unknown whether Li Xing will strictly follow the interpretation of Zheng Xuan, Qian Zhou and other ancient literary schools, so let's take a look at similar samples.
Lu Yun (Jin) "Brother Plain Poems" "The Son of Heaven ordered me to suppress outside." ”
Lu Yun (Jin) "Gift to Poyang Mansion Jun Zhang Zhongying Poem" "The Son of Heaven ordered me, and the car service was honored." ”
Yu Xin (Northern Zhou) "Wuzhang Temple Sutra Tablet in Hongnong County, Shaanzhou": "The Son of Heaven ordered me to try to defend this state."
Wang Bao (Northern Zhou) "Shangyong Gong Lu Tengle Gong Monument" "The Son of Heaven ordered me to go on a quest and chase more".
Zhang Jiuling (Tang) "The Tang Dynasty Presents Taishi Zhengping Zhong to Present the Inscription of Gong Pei Gong" "The Son of Heaven ordered me to praise virtue and inscription".
"The Epitaph of the Fifth Mansion of the Tang Dynasty" "The Son of Heaven ordered me, and the city was in Zhouqi".
Chen Ziang (Tang) "The Epitaph of Gao Jun, Sima Shenguo Gong of Xunzhou in the Tang Dynasty" "In the past, the emperor of Zhou ordered me to be the prince and be named the East China Sea".
Wang Wei (Tang) "Pei Servant Shoots Qizhou Monument of Love" "The Son of Heaven ordered me to guard Zidong County." "The Son of Heaven ordered me to guide the imperial wind. Respect for education and persuasion, trade and work. ”
Chen Ziang (Tang) "Hui Shangren Fang Qi Shaofu into the Beijing Mansion Preface" "The Son of Heaven ordered me to go together, hold the jade silk and be the court".
Chen Ziang (Tang) "Yu Haiwen" "The Son of Heaven ordered me, and the grain was from the scene".
Zhang said (Tang) "Sacrifice for the King of Hanoi Lu Jizhou Wen" "The Son of Heaven ordered me, Dong Rong Jifang".
Zhang Shuo (Tang) "Sacrifice for Wei Yuanzhong Shiling War Dead Soldiers" "The Son of Heaven ordered me to manage the soldiers in Jinyang".
Yang Jiong (Tang) "Epitaph from Nephew Liang Qi", "Zuo Wuwei General Cheng Anzi Cui Xianxing" "The Son of Heaven ordered me to participate in the military".
Yuan Zhi (Tang) "Sacrifice Huai Blasphemy" The Son of Heaven ordered me to cleanse the demons (obscenity).
Wang Xiongtu (Song) "Ode to the Famous Ministers of King Zhongxing of Zhou Xuan" Shi Wei Yingyang, the Son of Heaven ordered me, left and right Chen Xing, and fought against Jing Chu.
Su Shi (Song) "Praying for Snow and Fog Pig Spring Blessings" The Son of Heaven ordered me to pray in the mountains and rivers.
Su Shi (Song) "Sacrifice to the Wind and Boyushi" The Son of Heaven ordered me to pray to the crowd.
Zeng Gong (Song) "Xu Hong's Epitaph" The Son of Heaven ordered me, and I have a request.
Han Bangqi (Ming) "Epitaph on the Tomb of Zhang Gong, the Right Deputy of the Imperial Court of the General Doctor's Imperial Court" The Son of Heaven ordered me to fight in the western Xinjiang.
Li Panlong (Ming) "Zhai Shuren's Epitaph" The Son of Heaven ordered me to live in peace.
Xie Su (Ming) "Shangyu County Seawall Chronicle" The Son of Heaven ordered me to go out to guard Yizhao, the god of mountains and rivers in the territory
Qian Qianyi (Ming) "Prince Taibao Yi Cao Gong Shendao Monument" The Son of Heaven ordered me to return to the west with a scarf. God has commanded me to wear a scarf for a while.
Judging from the above 22 articles "The Son of Heaven ordered me", five are related to sacrifices, three to four are crusaded, nine are guarded, and there are five or six in other situations. Note that half of the cases are used in the epitaph of the inscription, indicating that there is still a strong sense of remembrance. In addition, it can be clearly seen that the ancients really rarely used the common phrase of "the Son of Heaven ordered me" to more or less imply the inheritance of the "Book of Songs" or use it very formally and solemnly.
In fact, I also left a song that has the closest relationship with the Three Kingdoms and the closest creation time to Li Xing, which seems to be the most convincing.
Lu Yun (Jin) "The Late Prime Minister of Wu, Lu Gongyi", "Jingnan is both a collection, and the Fang Ji is not destroyed." The Son of Heaven ordered me to caress the west. "In the first paragraph of this paragraph, Lu Xunping Guan Yu was talked about, and in the latter paragraph, Liu Bei was defeated, which can be seen to be very glorious. Therefore, it can be inferred that Li Xingwen's use of "the Son of Heaven ordered me" may still have a side to show Liu Hong's achievements.
But the obvious difference between Li Xingwen and Lu Yunwen is that Lu Yun explained several wars in detail before and after, but there is no trace of Li Xing's full text.
In fact, the "Son of Heaven ordered me" in several articles by Lu Yun is not sad but proud, and perhaps the biggest reason is Lu Jiazhi's Jinwen school.
The rest of the Lu family didn't know, at least Lu Ji was famous for Jinwen Yi, and the Yuan Shu he saw when he was a child was also a Jinwen school. (The author has not studied this aspect, and the conclusions drawn in other articles are not true.) ）
Then I left the last one, which may be the most similar to Li Xingwen's creative background.
The Book of Han says: "When he became an emperor, Xiqiang often had police. The ministers of the generals and commanders, chasing the United States and filling the country, is to call Huangmenlang Yang Xiong, that is, to fill the picture of the country and praise it. ”
Note that there is a "minister who thinks about the general", and Li Xing's text "listens to the drum and thinks forever", which is recognized and comes from the allusion of "The gentleman listens to the sound of the drum and the commander of the general" in the "Book of Rites". Yu Xin's "Meritorious Immortal King's Affairs, Please Attack the Door and Seal the Table": "Hearing the drum and thinking about the general, painting the cloud platform and thinking about the old minister." ”
"The Son of Heaven ordered me" is an allusion to the Book of Songs, and "Listening to the Drums" is an allusion to the Book of Rites, but it is also the real situation at the moment, and this pun is where the ancient literati showed their brilliant penmanship.
When the same war was frequent, Emperor Cheng of the Han Dynasty remembered the generals and ordered Yangxiong to write "Ode to Zhao Chongguo", and Emperor Jin (or Liu Hong) remembered the generals and asked Li Xing to write "Ode to Zhuge Liang", is it the same memorial scene?
Yang Xiong (Han) "Ode to Zhao Chongguo": "The Son of Heaven ordered me (Zhao Chongguo) to be from Xianyang." The camp is safe and the festival is kept, and Lou plays the seal. Expect the enemy to win, and the scheming is arrogant. Sui Ke Xirong, also studied in Beijing. The ghost side is in suit, and there is no court. In the past Zhou, there are tigers, and the poet's singing skills are listed in "Ya". In the Han Dynasty, he was full of military force, and he was also a queen. (Ying Shao said: Emperor Xuan made the country to ask for Han and Xianshuiyang.) (Xianyang is in the area of present-day Qinghai, Gansu.) ）
If Li Xing's inspiration mainly came from "Ode to Zhao Chongguo" rather than "The Book of Songs", then the "I" here may actually refer to Zhuge Liang, and the Yang of Chu may refer to Zhuge Liang's residence in Hanzhong and became the place of return on the orders of Liu Chan, and there is no necessary connection with the Liang family in Nanyang. "Quanshu Art and Literature Chronicle" named Li Xingwen "Zhuge Ancient Base Lijiewen", it is estimated that there is such a consideration, because Zhuge Ancient Base is a famous relic of Qishan. Then I said in the article "Shaanxi Cultivated Fields" that Longzhong Longshan may be a mistake by Longzhong Longshan, and Gejing's description may be copied from "Liangzhou Ji" and so on.
Of course, the above belongs to the new theory, there is no ironclad evidence, because Li Xingwen has "the hometown of Shi Zhuge behind", and the subject is the sacrificer, it seems that the "I" in front of it still refers to Liu Hong or Li Xing. It's just that the template of "Ode to Zhao Chongguo" greets everyone when the subject is changed halfway, and it is difficult to guarantee that Li Xing is also a learner.
But through "Ode to Zhao Chongguo", it can be seen that even if Emperor Cheng of the Han Dynasty personally ordered Yangxiong to write an article that already conforms to the "Son of Heaven ordered me", the "Son of Heaven ordered me" in the text still refers to the war.
Therefore, I can only say that in the case of "sacrifice + military" at the same time, the use of "the Son of Heaven ordered me" is the most suitable scene, otherwise in the historical materials of more than 2,000 years, there will not be only the 20 or so "Son of Heaven ordered me" I found, half of which are the epitaphs of generals.
After all, "the major affairs of the country are in worship and worship." This is another allusion.
Today, I reconciled my "sacrificial theory" with the "crusade theory" that Nanxiang liked, and my useless knowledge increased again, and I was satisfied. As for whether it is Zhang Chang or Sima Shi who is crusading, you should fight for it yourself.