Song Gyu-mo's Viewpoint 168 Power Constraints and Institutional Change and the Mission of Intellectuals

Unfettered power is terrifying. But power comes in many forms. Unfettered political power is dangerous. In addition, capital is actually a kind of power, and abundant capital and capital with a monopoly position also have great power to manipulate society, so unfettered capital power is also very harmful to society. In addition, knowledge is also a kind of power, and unfettered knowledge power is also a great harm to society. The checks and balances of social power need to consider the comprehensive checks and balances of political power, capital power, and intellectual power.

The question is how to check and balance power more effectively, and it is a question of choosing the lesser of two evils and the heavier of two interests. There is no such thing as a perfect institutional design. Institutional design needs to be based on national conditions. In addition, the system also needs to be continuously reformed and optimized in a dynamic manner. There is no one-size-fits-all institutional design. The biggest obstacle to reforming the system is that of interest groups. Therefore, reform is sometimes not only a process of sweating, but also a process of bloodshed, a process of daring to struggle and being good at fighting. In this case, it is difficult to distinguish between reform and revolution. Deep reform is actually a self-revolution.

In the case that it is difficult to promote the reform of the social system, it is also possible to promote the reform of social and cultural values first. Because the transformation of social and cultural values does not directly touch interests, it is relatively easy to bypass the rock of interests and promote them. The transformation of social and cultural values provides a premise for the reform of the social system. On the basis of the transformation of social and cultural values, it is relatively easy to promote the reform of the social system. The transformation of social and cultural values is inseparable from openness and the enlightenment of intellectuals. Therefore, to promote social change, one is to achieve a high level of openness, and the other is to have the courage to walk in the forefront of society. There is also the question of how to make society more truly intellectual, of which education is an important aspect. A good education is the foundation for social change. Okay, thank you, thank you.

Song Guiwu's viewpoint168 Power restraint and institutional reform and the mission of intellectuals

Unrestrained power is terrible. But power has many forms of expression. Unrestrained political power is very dangerous. In addition, capital is also a kind of power. Strong capital and monopolized capital have great power to manipulate society, so unrestrained capital power is also harmful to society. In addition, knowledge is also a kind of power. Unrestrained knowledge power is also a great harm to society. Social power checks and balances need to consider the comprehensive checks and balances of political power, capital power and knowledge power. The problem is how to check and balance power more effectively. This is a problem of weighing the two harms and weighing the two benefits. There is no perfect system design. System design needs to be based on national conditions. In addition, systems also need to be reformed and optimized in a dynamic way. There is no once-and-for-all system design. The biggest obstacle to reforming systems is the resistance of interest groups. Therefore, reform is sometimes not only a process of sweating, but also a process of bleeding, a process of daring and good at fighting. In this case, reform and revolution are difficult to distinguish. In-depth reform is actually a self-revolution. When it is difficult to promote social system reform, we can also promote the transformation of social and cultural values first. Because the transformation of social and cultural values does not directly touch the interests, it can bypass the rock of interests and is relatively easy to promote. And the transformation of social and cultural values provides a prerequisite for the transformation of social systems. On the basis of the transformation of social and cultural values, it is relatively easy to promote the transformation of social systems. And the transformation of social and cultural values is inseparable from opening up and the enlightenment of intellectuals. Therefore, to promote social reform, one is to achieve a high level of opening up; in addition, intellectuals should have the courage to walk in the forefront of society. There is also a problem here, how to let the society have more real intellectuals, which education is an important aspect. Good education is the basic project to promote social reform. OK, thank you, thank you.