Hello everyone, I'm Brother Xue. The construction of the computer room is an important project, what should we pay attention to in the early or middle stage of construction? These experiences can effectively help you take the detours that need to be taken.
The concept of a data center
A data center usually refers to the centralized processing, storage, transmission, exchange, and management of information in a physical space, while computer equipment, server equipment, network equipment, and storage equipment are generally considered to be the key equipment in the network core computer room. Environmental factors required for the operation of critical equipment, such as power supply systems, refrigeration systems, cabinet systems, fire protection systems, monitoring systems, etc. Typically considered critical physical infrastructure.
Types and characteristics of computer room engineering (data center).
The electronic computer room mainly includes the computer room, the telecommunication room, the control room, the shielding room, etc. These computer rooms have both the commonality of electronic computer rooms and their own characteristics. They cover different things and have different features.
1. Shielded machine room
In order to effectively prevent the impact of electromagnetic interference noise and radiation on electronic equipment and measuring instruments, and prevent the leakage of electronic signals, thereby threatening the security of confidential information, state organs, public security, banks, railways and other units need to establish shielded computer rooms. For data rooms with confidentiality requirements, a shielded room should be established to ensure that the data signal is not leaked during processing, so as to meet the data confidentiality requirements. In order to prevent the interference of external electromagnetic signals, it is necessary to build shielding rooms in some environments with high requirements for combating electromagnetic interference, such as communication equipment testing laboratories and other places. The equipment room with strong electromagnetic interference equipment should be shielded so as not to interfere with the normal operation of the equipment in the adjacent equipment room.
2. Computer room
Important data processing equipment, storage equipment, network transmission equipment, and equipment support equipment are all placed in the computer room. The normal operation of the above-mentioned equipment should be considered in the construction of the computer room to ensure the safety of information and data and the physical and mental health of staff. A large computer room usually consists of an unattended computer room and an attended computer room. The computer room in the unmanned area generally includes a small computer room, a server computer room, a storage computer room, a network computer room, a media storage computer room, an air-conditioning computer room, an uninterruptible power supply computer room, a power distribution room, etc. Small and medium-sized computer rooms can be combined with small computer rooms, server rooms, storage rooms, etc. A host room.
3. Control room
With the development of intelligent buildings, in order to control the equipment of intelligent buildings in buildings, it is necessary to establish a control room. Compared with the data room and the telecommunications room, the control room has a smaller area, a single function, and slightly lower environmental requirements. But it is related to the safe operation of intelligent buildings and the normal use of equipment and facilities.
The control room includes building intelligent control room, security monitoring room, fire control room, satellite receiving room, video conference control room, etc. The common feature of these control rooms is that there are operators working indoors. While ensuring the operation of the electronic equipment, the physical needs of the operator should also be ensured. Depending on the requirements of the equipment and operation, these control rooms also have their corresponding characteristics.
(1) Building intelligent control room. It is mainly used to place the host and control equipment of intelligent control of buildings, and monitor public lighting, air conditioning systems, elevators, wind, water, electricity and other mechanical and electrical equipment in intelligent buildings in real time to ensure the safe operation of intelligent buildings.
(2) Security monitoring room. Equipped with monitoring host and terminal display equipment for video surveillance, anti-theft alarm, etc. at all entrances and exits of the building, garages, walkways, elevator cars, etc.
(3) Fire control room. It is not only the control center of the automatic fire alarm and linkage system, but also the fire command and information center in the event of a fire. It has a very important position and role. The Code for Fire Protection Design of High-rise Civil Buildings and the Code for Fire Protection Design of Buildings clearly stipulate the scope, location and fire resistance of the fire control room, and put forward the principle requirements for its main functions.
(4) Satellite receiving room. It is mainly used for the installation of satellite receivers, modems, mixers, amplifiers, cable access equipment, and receivers and displays in various frequency bands. The satellite reception room is generally located on the top floor of the building, which is conducive to the transmission of satellite TV signals.
(5) Video conferencing control room. It is mainly used for the installation of video conference master control unit, mixing console, sound reinforcement system, signal transmission equipment, console equipment, signal source cabinet, etc. However, due to the small size of the general video conferencing control room, the equipment layout should be flexible according to the specific conditions of the room.
4. Telecom room
The telecom room is a valuable resource for every telecom operator. Reasonable, effective and full use of the telecommunication room is of great significance to the operation and maintenance of equipment, the rapid handling of equipment failures, the reduction of costs, and the improvement of the core competitiveness of enterprises.
The telecommunication room is generally divided and arranged according to different functions and specialties, and is usually divided into equipment room, auxiliary room and auxiliary room.
An equipmentroom is a building space used to install a certain communication device and realize a certain communication function. It is convenient to complete operation, maintenance and production within the corresponding specialty. Generally, it is composed of a transmission room, an exchange room, a network room, etc. The supporting equipment room is the building space where the equipment is installed to ensure the normal, safe and stable operation of the communication facilities. Generally, it is composed of a billing center, a network management and monitoring room, a power battery room, a transformer room and an oil engine room.
The auxiliary computer room is the production, office and living room other than the communication facility computer room. Generally, it is composed of operation and maintenance room, operation and maintenance duty room, data room, spare parts warehouse, fire protection room, fresh fan room, cylinder room and toilet. In a general smart building, a communication room is usually built together with a computer network room.
Although data center operators are managing cooling much better than they did a decade ago, many facilities still face issues such as underutilization of capacity and wasted energy. Experts say the ultimate goal of airflow management is to better control the cooling temperature settings at the information technology air intakes while minimizing the amount of air delivered to the data hall.
Frequently asked questions about data centers
Here are some of the most common problems in data centers, as follows:
1. There are too many perforated floors
There is no reason to place open floor in hot aisles and empty spaces. This wastes cooling capacity. It's also possible that too much perforated floor has been placed in the air intakes of the rack. The cooler-than-normal temperature at the top of the IT rack is a big red flag.
2. Hidden vulnerabilities
Cold air leaks from the space under the raised floor into the adjacent space or pillars. Phelps said such leaks are so common that they can cause pressure loss in the information technology environment, allowing dusty, hot or moist air to enter other places. The only way to avoid this problem is to go under the raised floor to inspect the perimeter and pillars and seal any holes you find.
3. Unsealed raised floor openings
Although many data center operators try to seal cable openings and other holes in the raised floor, few actually do the job. The remaining holes will cause a large amount of cold air to escape into the unwanted area. Electrical equipment such as power distribution units or remote power strips are particularly important places to look for unsealed openings.
4. The calibration of the temperature and humidity sensor is not accurate.
Sometimes vendors use sensors that are not calibrated, and sometimes calibrations become inaccurate over time. This will result in poorly managed cooling units not working together. It is recommended that operators calibrate their temperature and relative humidity sensors every six months and adjust accordingly if necessary.
5. Poor rack layout
Ideally, you'll need to arrange the racks according to the heating/cooling conditions and place the mainframe at both ends of each line. Having a small shelf, without a specific direction, does not help anyone. This doesn't help line up the racks from front to back, nor does it help keep the racks and information technology moving in the same direction.
6. The frame is not well sealed.
Placing spare panels in empty rack areas is common sense in airflow management, but not everyone does. Some cabinets are improperly designed, and the mounting rails are sealed to the edge of the cabinet. Operators who care about efficiency will seal these and potential openings at the bottom of the cabinet.
7. Idle cabinet space
This is another obvious factor, but for some reason it is not taken seriously by everyone. When one or more cabinet spaces are empty, the airflow balance will be disrupted, resulting in exhaust gas circulating into the cold aisle or loss of cold air in the cold aisle. This will result in excessive cooling and provide more air than is actually needed to compensate for the loss.
8. Things are precious because of scarcity
Many data center operators preset too much cooling capacity. If the cooling capacity is greater than required, and the safety of the over-cooling air conditioning cannot be guaranteed, the entire cooling scheme will be compromised because too many units are in a state of inefficiency.
10. Cooling management is not getting the attention it deserves.
I didn't think of the benefits of improving the cooling management mode, which tied down the operator's ability and increased operating costs. Some simple tasks, such as installing a spare panel, can benefit from this, but they are often overlooked. In extreme cases, a well-managed data center cooling system can even postpone expansion or the construction of new facilities.
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