Before the Northern Expedition in China, the Nationalist Government in the south was in full swing, and the Great Revolution was in full swing, while the north was staging the "Great King Banner of the City Head".
Feng Yuxiang launched a coup d'état in Beijing to drive out his direct family, and only then did Sun Yat-sen go north, but before Sun Yat-sen arrived in Beijing, Feng Yuxiang had already left Beijing.
Why did this brother leave China's political center without even getting hot?
There is no other reason. Whether it is Feng Yuxiang's qualifications and ability, or his experience of betraying the enemy, it is difficult for him to convince the public and gain respect. The warlords in various places with heavy troops did not approve of him, especially Sun Chuanfang, who was directly related to him, and Wu Peifu, who was out of breath, all opposed his stay in Beijing. Therefore, Feng Yuxiang was forced to go to Zhangjiakou and served as the Northwest Frontier Governor, and his army was also called the Northwest Army.
This incident made Lao Feng a little depressed, and when he was depressed, he loved to plant trees. Later, Lao Feng planted many trees in the northwest and became an advanced worker in environmental protection.
Of course, Feng Yuxiang is willing to leave Beijing because he has reaped enough benefits. The Northwest Frontier Supervision Office is not in vain, Chahar, Suiyuan, and the northwest have all become his new territory.
Moreover, under the operation of Duan Qirui's balancing measures, his partner Zhang Zuolin in the "Zhifeng War" did not get more benefits than him, which made him more balanced.
Feng Yuxiang was the Northwest Frontier Supervisor, Zhang Zuolin was the Northeast Frontier Supervisor, and after Feng Yuxiang drove to the northwest, Zhang Zuolin also left Beijing. Zhang Zuolin obediently left Beijing, naturally there is a reason.
With the acquiescence of Duan Qirui and Feng Yuxiang, Zhang Zuolin's subordinates Li Jinglin, Zhang Zongchang, Yang Yuting, and Jiang Dengxuan successively served as the superintendent of Zhili, Shandong, Jiangsu, and Anhui, which means that he got four pieces of land, but Jiangsu and Anhui still have to grab it from their direct hands.
In addition, he has an idea of retreating as advancing. He didn't want to spend too much effort on engaging in a political struggle with Duan Qirui in Beijing, he wanted to concentrate all his energy and resources on unifying the whole of China. Once China is in hand, when the time comes, Beijing will not come and go as soon as he wants?
At the end of January 1925, that is, when the Guangdong base camp was planning the first Eastern Crusade, Zhang Zongchang, the pioneer of the Feng army, entered Shanghai, and in June of midsummer, the Feng army had moved south, approaching the Yangtze River Valley, and the power of the Feng army reached its peak, and another war between the Feng and the direct line was about to break out!
It was during this period that Zhang Zuolin's eldest son, 24-year-old handsome young man Zhang Xueliang, also came to Shanghai, where he met a fresh and refined intellectual woman, one of the most legendary women in the 20th century, she was the third lady of the Song family - Song Meiling.
Song Meiling received a modern education in the United States since she was a child and is knowledgeable. But under her gentle and demure appearance, there is a resolute heart. The eldest sister and the second sister are married to the heroes of the world, and her little sister is not willing to fall behind her sister, but the golden beetle son-in-law who can be compared to the eldest brother-in-law and the second brother-in-law in the world is too difficult to fish, and even the high-quality "rich and handsome" Tan Yanmin introduced by the second brother-in-law Sun Yat-sen is not to his liking, and finally cools down in the way of worshipping brothers and sisters, how can those ordinary men enter Miss Song's eyes.
So the 28-year-old Miss Song San is still unmarried and waiting for the price to sell.
One evening in mid-June 1925, at a party held at the U.S. Consulate in Shanghai, Zhang Xueliang and Soong Meiling met.
Zhang Xueliang is a typical "second generation official" and "rich second generation", powerful, rich, and confident, not to mention the name of "beautiful man of the Republic of China".
Confident men are always extra bold, so Zhang Xueliang began to date Song Meiling. Zhang Xueliang recalled in his later years that they had dated several times in private. Whether their date is going to the movies, coffee, or something more beautiful...... Zhang Xueliang won't talk about it.
Everyone knows the ending of the story. Song Meiling became the first lady, and Zhang Xueliang became a prisoner.
However, the ambiguity between such a rich and handsome man who speaks a northeastern accent and Bai Fumei, who speaks Wu Nong's soft language, leaves enough room for everyone's imagination.
After taking Shanghai, Zhang Xueliang's son Zhang Zuolin was still not satisfied, firstly, he had not yet obtained the prizes of the Great War-Jiangsu and Anhui, and secondly, Zhang Zuolin also had the ambition to unify the whole of China by force, so he was dedicated to actively planning to level the Yangtze River basin where the direct forces were entrenched.
This time, it's the turn of the immediate family to face an existential crisis. At the critical juncture, Sun Chuanfang and Wu Peifu stood up and took on the important task of protecting themselves and saving their immediate family.
Isn't it strange that Wu Peifu, who had lost all his money before, actually dared to stand up and contradict Zhang Zuolin? There is no need to be surprised, because Wu Peifu has recovered his vitality. Don't look at the first fierce general Peng Shouxin under his command who was tired of Hongchen and lived in seclusion after the Second Zhifeng War, and the people who followed him to Wuhan were all remnants of the defeated generals, in fact, these people are the elite of the battle, Wu Peifu took these people as the team, and created an elite division.
Under the tandem of Sun Chuanfang and Wu Peifu, the alliance of Zhejiang, Fujian, Jiangsu, Anhui, and Jiangxi provinces was directly established, forming a powerful anti-Feng alliance. In October 1925, the anti-Feng alliance formed the "Thief Alliance" to fight back.
The penultimate war between the major warlords of Beiyang, the "Zhejiang-Feng War" ("Anti-Feng War"), kicked off.
The direct line not only occupies the advantage of local combat, but also has a stronger combat effectiveness than the Feng army. Sun Chuanfang's number one general, his classmate Lu Xiangting of the Japanese Army Non-commissioned Officer School, took Sun Chuanfang's starting capital, the Beiyang Second Division, and killed the so-called elite of the Feng Department in seconds: Jiang Dengxuan, Zhang Zongchang and Yang Yuting, especially Zhang Zongchang's ace troops, the murderous White Russian soldiers and mercenaries, were also destroyed in the hands of Lu Xiangting.
What a tragic word to describe the situation of the Feng army!
In just six days, the coalition forces repelled the Feng army and occupied Shanghai. Over the next month or so, the alliance of thieves won successive victories, and the Feng army was expelled from the Yangtze River valley.
A fire broke out in the backyard! Just when the Feng army was losing and retreating, Zhang Zuolin ushered in the most severe test in his life. Guo Songling, a fierce general under Zhang Zuolin, Zhang Xueliang's sworn brother, and deputy commander of the Third Army of the Feng Army, rebelled in Luanzhou!
Guo Songling's reason for fighting back is very convincing, how can he not resist after being bullied? !
I said before that Zhang Zuolin's adjustment of the leadership of the Northeast Army (the whole army through the military) will not be repeated here. At that time, everyone only saw the benefits brought by the personnel changes: under the leadership of military cadres who graduated from regular military academies, the combat effectiveness of the Northeast Army was greatly improved. No one realized that this personnel change would lead to new problems.
The problem lies in the two core generals Yang Yuting and Guo Songling, who were promoted by Zhang Zuolin. Both of them had a strong desire for human rights, and formed gangs in the army, forming a non-commissioned officer faction (Yang Yuting graduated from the Japanese Army Non-commissioned Officer School) and a Lu Da faction (Guo Songling studied at the Beijing Army University) in the name of their respective schools to compete for power and profit.
Although the relationship between Guo Songling and Zhang Xueliang is very strong, Yang Yuting's backer is Zhang Zuolin. Therefore, Yang Yuting gradually gained the upper hand in the struggle with Guo Songling.
Especially when the benefits were divided after the end of the Second Zhifeng War, Yang Yuting and his ally Jiang Dengxuan got the supervision of Jiangsu and Anhui, while Guo Songling got nothing. Meritorious service but not reward made Guo Songling extremely angry with Yang Yuting who got in the way, and he was also extremely disappointed in Yang Yuting's backstage Zhang Zuolin! Not to mention that Guo Songling came out of the League in his early years, fought with Sun Yat-sen, and was baptized by the Three People's Principles.
So Guo Songling decided to rebel.
Before he could turn back, he dragged two people into the water. One is Li Jinglin, a good brother from Hebei who owes favors to others and has always been discriminated against by officers from the Northeast, the commander of the First Army of the Feng Army, one of the "Five Tiger Generals", and the other is Zhang Zuolin's potential and powerful rival, Feng Yuxiang, who has ulterior intentions. The three of them made an appointment: after Guo Songling raised the army, Li Jinglin and Feng Yuxiang cooperated and jointly opposed Feng.
On 23 November, Guo Songling led 70,000 elites under his command to raise a banner in Luanzhou to rebel, and the slogan of the army was extremely inflammatory: Oppose the civil war! Punish the culprit Yang Yuting! Zhang Zuolin go into the wilderness! Zhang Xueliang came to power!
The biggest war in modern Northeast China after the fall of the Qing Dynasty officially broke out!
Guo Songling's determination to rebel was very firm. Zhang Xueliang wanted to personally persuade his former good brother to put down the butcher's knife, but Guo Songling refused to meet, and only told Zhang Xueliang through the newspaper: I remember your kindness to me, but this is against me, and it is useless for anyone to persuade him! As soon as the words fell, Jiang Dengxuan, who was passing by his territory on a business trip, was killed.
Zhang Xueliang understood at a glance: Guo Songling didn't want to look back, and he couldn't turn back. Forget it, give up, and let everything that was once pass away in this war!
Guo Songling himself is a fierce general, and his subordinates are elite of the Feng department, coupled with the suddenness of the incident, Zhang Zuolin was caught off guard. Five days after the army, Guo Songling took Shanhaiguan, and then marched all the way to Zhang Zuolin's base camp - Shenyang City!
At the critical moment when Zhang Zuolin was about to abandon the city and flee, someone rescued him!
Feng Yuxiang originally had a mutual aid alliance with Guo Songling, but at this time, he was stabbed behind his back!
There was chaos in the north.
At this moment, Zhang Zuolin's second savior arrived. Zhang Zuolin's old relative, the Japanese, sent troops to Shenyang. The Japanese rescued Zhang Zuolin not to carry forward the spirit of internationalism, but because they got the benefits given by Zhang Zuolin - "The Secret Treaty of Japan", and because they were not at ease with Guo Songling's background of the Three People's Principles and the Soviets behind Feng Yuxiang.
Under the attack of the Japanese and Zhang Zuolin from both sides, Guo Songling, who was already in a dilemma, was captured a month after the army was raised, and was immediately executed by Zhang Zuolin. If people can come back from the dead, it must be difficult for Guo Songling to let go of Feng Yuxiang. After experiencing a series of attacks by Guo Songling, Zhang Zuolin no longer has the ambition and strength to unify China by force. What's more, there is no such thing as a free lunch, and the Japanese sent troops this time to hide a darker purpose: to take the opportunity to settle in Shenyang. Two years later, Zhang Zuolin will pay a painful price for his introduction to the wolf.
After fighting the "Anti-Feng War", the most profitable ones were Sun Chuanfang and Feng Yuxiang.
After Sun Chuanfang defeated the Feng army, he served as the commander-in-chief of the coalition forces of Zhejiang, Fujian, Jiangsu, Anhui and Jiangxi provinces, with a strength of up to 200,000 troops, becoming the leading brother who can sit on an equal footing with Wu Peifu in the post-direct era. Sun Chuanfang also invited his senior brother Okamura Ninji of the Japanese Army Non-commissioned Officer School to be a military adviser, but how could this future commander-in-chief of the Japanese army invading China give him any good ideas, and the main purpose of the little devil's visit to China was to step on the war that began in five years.
As for Feng Yuxiang, although he is a bit capricious, the benefits he has gained this time are very great. He not only took the opportunity to expand the team, but also occupied Zhili, Tianjin, Henan, Chahar, Gansu, Suiyuan and other places, surpassing Zhang Zuolin, the "King of the Northeast", and becoming the warlord with the largest area.