#精品长文创作季#
When it comes to large companies and consortia in the mainland, everyone will definitely think of Alibaba and Tencent, after all, the scale of these two major companies is obvious to all.
And Alibaba and Tencent are not just two companies, they are more like two investment bosses.
For example, Sina Weibo, Didi, Ele.me, Meituan, Pinduoduo, 58.com, etc., are all controlled by Alibaba or Tencent.
It is precisely because of this that there is a saying in the rivers and lakes that Ali or Tencent is the system.
However, Ali and Tencent can only be regarded as younger brothers in front of today's four bigwigs.
It is said that the four major consortia to be talked about next are all Fortune 500 companies, and the total assets of each consortium exceed 10 trillion.
The most important thing is that their backgrounds are strong and their history is more profound than you can imagine.
Which of the four major consortia can have such strong strength, and how did they develop step by step?
1. China Merchants Group
First of all, the first one is China Merchants Group, and the history of China Merchants Group has to be traced back to the late Qing Dynasty.
Its predecessor was the steamship China Merchants Bureau during the Westernization Movement, which was established by Li Hongzhang.
During the Anti-Japanese War, China Merchants sent ships to resist the Japanese invasion in the Jiangyin area.
At the same time, actions like Shanghai's Shilipu to defend against the enemy are also controlled by China Merchants.
It can be said that since its establishment, China Merchants has deeply rooted its patriotic feelings in the bottom of its heart.
By 1947, China Merchants had 246 ships, accounting for 40% of the country's total number of ships, and once became the largest shipping company in China at that time.
In May 1949, with the liberation of Shanghai, the Shanghai Municipal Military Management Commission began to take over the China Merchants Bureau and incorporate it into the management system.
The following year, China Merchants Hong Kong also chose its own position and began to stand on the side of our party.
For a time, all the employees of China Merchants Hong Kong, a total of more than 600 people, led 13 sea vessels and officially declared the uprising.
Since then, China Merchants has begun to serve New China.
In the mid-80s of the last century, China Merchants began to move in the direction of the financial industry.
Soon, China Merchants Group Co., Ltd. was officially established.
The company is under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Communications and is a first-class enterprise directly under the Ministry of Communications.
Immediately afterwards, China Merchants Bank was also established, which was the first commercial bank invested and founded by enterprises in mainland China at that time.
Subsequently, China Merchants Bank backed the mountain of China Merchants Bureau, invested in real estate everywhere, and earned hundreds of millions of assets.
By the end of 2022, China Merchants Bank's total assets reached 10.14 trillion yuan.
Relying on this strong asset, China Merchants Bank was listed on the 2022 Global Banking 1000 list by The Banker, ranking 11th among them.
It can also be seen how strong China Merchants Bank is.
Today's China Merchants Bank has been ranked among the top 20 global banks for five consecutive years.
It is estimated that in the near future, China Merchants Bank will continue to grow bigger and stronger, and create more brilliance.
If Li Hongzhang knew that he had such a great deal of stamina, he would probably laugh out loud.
2. China Resources Group
As for the second largest group, it is China Resources Group, and the history of China Resources Group can be traced back to the 30s of the last century.
In 1931, Chen Yun, who was then the head of the Central Special Branch, came to Shanghai, and his trip to Shanghai was to meet Qin Bangli, a member of the Special Branch.
After meeting with Qin Bangli, Chen Yun directly gave him two gold bars.
According to Chen Yun's arrangement, Qin Bangli would need to use the opening of the store as a cover to establish a secret traffic station for the party organization.
Once the station is established, it will not only continue to raise funds for the party organization, but also secretly provide medicine and radio equipment for the organization.
In this way, Qin Bangli took these two gold bars and started his own entrepreneurial project.
In 1938, Qin Bangli established Luen Wo Hong Kong in Hong Kong.
After that, Lianhe Xing, as a secret traffic station, solved a large number of logistics and information problems for our party.
Especially during the War of Liberation, Luen Wo Hong opened up the sea trade route from Hong Kong to Northeast China.
Relying on this route, the United Peace Bank transported a large amount of war readiness materials to the liberated areas.
It has provided a great boost to the three major campaigns launched by our army and the battle of crossing the river.
In 1948, Lianhe Bank officially changed its name to China Resources, this "Hua" represents "China", and "Run" is taken from Chairman Mao's word, "Runzhi".
In this way, China Resources Group officially debuted.
In the decades that followed, China Resources Group began to expand into other new businesses while operating its main business.
For example, in 2002, China Resources Group acquired Wanjia Department Store and renamed it China Resources Vanguard to develop the domestic supermarket market.
In addition to supermarkets, China Resources Group has also set foot in the fields of electricity, cement, and medicine, and has shined in these fields.
For example, China Resources Pharmaceutical, China Resources Power, China Resources Gas, China Resources Land, China Resources Bank, etc., are all subsidiaries of China Resources.
In the field of food, China Resources has also developed well-known brands such as China Resources Beer, Cestbon and Dong'e Ejiao.
China Resources Microelectronics, a subsidiary of China Resources, has developed IGBT wafers.
With this black technology, the localization of high-speed rail in the mainland and the scale of new energy vehicles have been successfully realized.
In other words, we can take the high-speed rail and drive the tram today, and we have the credit of China Resources' participation.
In 2010, China Resources entered the world's top 500 for the first time with the 395th place.
By 2022, China Resources' total revenue has soared to US$119.6 billion, becoming a well-known brand worldwide.
It can be seen that the strength of China Resources is no longer the same as that of the Republic of China.
It uses its own strong growth momentum to explain how an enterprise climbs to the top.
3. CITIC Group
As for the third one, it is CITIC Group, and the nature of CITIC Group is completely a central enterprise among central enterprises.
In 1979, the State Council officially approved the establishment of China International Trust and Investment Corporation and appointed Rong Yiren as chairman and general manager.
The company is directly under the leadership of the State Council, and all major decisions in the future must be made in accordance with the will of the State Council.
In this way, CITIC Group slowly opened its own road to infrastructure madness.
In 1988, CITIC Group participated in the establishment of Asia Satellite Co., Ltd., and began to engage in satellite R&D and manufacturing business, meeting the demand for satellite resources in mainland China and Asia.
In 1995, CITIC Group started the construction business of international infrastructure.
For example, the subway in Tehran, Iran, was invested and built by CITIC Group.
In 2003, CITIC Group directly won the bid for the Bird's Nest project.
In the run-up to the 2008 Beijing Olympics, CITIC Group erected the Bird's Nest, a magnificent stadium that showcased the speed and beauty of China's infrastructure.
By 2015, CITIC Group was involved in the Belt and Road Initiative, such as the project of Kyaukpyu Port in Myanmar, which was won by CITIC Group.
Of course, as a large group, CITIC Group is not only in infrastructure, but also in other fields from all walks of life.
For example, CITIC Press, CITIC Bank, CITIC Securities, CITIC Metal, CITIC Network, CITIC Heavy Industries, etc.
The most important thing is that there is also a Zhongnan Design and Research Institute, which is also his family.
It can be seen how huge the layout of CITIC Group is.
Today, CITIC Group has a total of 1,956 subsidiaries and 140,000 employees.
In the 2022 Fortune Global 500 list, CITIC Group directly ranked 102nd with an operating income of 620 billion yuan.
It can be seen that the strength of CITIC Group should not be underestimated.
This company is like the country's business spokesperson in the private sector, exerting its own residual heat in each field, and ultimately contributing to the common development of the economy.
4. Poly Group
The last company is the Poly Group, and the history of the development of the Poly Group has to be traced back to the arms trade in the 80s of the last century.
In 1984, the former General Staff Equipment Department and CITIC jointly established Poly Technology Co., Ltd., which is responsible for exporting domestic military equipment and importing overseas military equipment.
Xu Zhaolong, then the general manager of CITIC, directly named the company "Poly", which means "defending victory".
It can be seen that Poly Group and CITIC Group still have a lot of origins.
From the point of view of business content, the arms business of Poly Group is indeed relatively large.
For example, the Black Hawk helicopter of the United States, the "Sea Sidewinder" missile system of France, and the Su-27 fighter of the Soviet Union were all imported by the Poly Group.
At the same time, Poly Group also exported Dongfeng-3 ballistic missiles to Saudi Arabia, in exchange for a large amount of foreign exchange reserves for the mainland.
It can be seen that Poly Group is so fierce together.
Of course, as one of the four major groups, Poly Group is certainly not just selling arms, but also involved in fields beyond imagination.
In 1992, after Deng Gong delivered a speech in the south, major enterprises across the country have invested in this downward tide, and Poly Group is no exception.
During this period, Poly Group began to expand in accordance with the method of "one industry as the mainstay, multiple operations".
It has expanded into real estate, warehousing and logistics, clothing, electronics, satellite communications, tourism, retail department stores, and even agriculture.
With the gradual development of Poly Group, by 2009, the total assets of Poly Group had reached 139.1 billion yuan, directly ranking among the first phalanx of central enterprises.
Today's Poly Group has grown into a super giant.
Its system has penetrated into all walks of life, and there are more than 2,000 wholly-owned or controlled enterprises.
In this way, it has a fight with its predecessor CITIC Group.
In general, these four major groups are like four pillars, which have stabilized the development trend of all walks of life on the mainland.
Some of them are in charge of infrastructure, some are in charge of finance, some are in charge of arms, and some are in charge of logistics.
Each group is able to take the lead in its own field and gradually become dominant.
It can be seen that the well-known reputation of the four major groups is not blown out casually, but by hard work.
Although they have the empowerment of history, they can achieve such a huge scale today, which is already a unique leader.
References:
Overnight is also very homely 2023.8.14 "China's Most Mysterious Four Consortiums: Assets Over Trillions! Amazing Background! Look Who You Are Working For"
Yunzhang Finance 2022.10.11 "China's real "four major consortia", each with assets exceeding one trillion yuan, Alibaba and Tencent have to stand aside"