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Wetland ecosystems, together with marine and forest ecosystems, are known as the three major ecosystems of the earth, and have the reputation of "the kidney of the earth".
The Fujian Provincial Wetland Conservation Regulations stipulate that the fourth week of April each year is the Wetland Conservation Publicity Week. This week marks this important publicity moment. This year's theme, "Wetlands Make Cities More Livable", highlights the important role of wetlands in improving urban ecosystems, protecting biodiversity, providing recreational spaces, flood prevention and mitigation, and water management.
▲Dongfanghong Reservoir
▲Baitang Lake Park
▲ Blue Bay
How much do you know about wetlands?
01
What is a Wetland?
According to the definition of wetland in the Wetland Conservation Law of the People's Republic of China, wetland refers to natural or artificial, perennial or seasonal waterlogged areas and waters with significant ecological functions, including sea areas with a water depth of no more than six meters at low tide, except for paddy fields and artificial waters and tidal flats used for aquaculture.
02
Wetland type
Continental wetlands include mangrove land, forest swamp, irrigation swamp, swamp grassland, coastal tidal flat, inland tidal flat, marshland, river water surface, lake water surface, reservoir water surface, pit pond water surface (excluding aquaculture water surface), ditch, shallow sea water and other types.
At present, the wetlands in Hanjiang District of Putian City include coastal mudflats, inland tidal flats, river water surfaces, lake water surfaces, reservoir water surfaces, pit pond water surfaces (excluding aquaculture water surfaces), ditches, shallow sea waters and other types. Dongfanghong Reservoir, Baitang Lake Park, and Blue Bay in our area are all common wetlands.
03
Hierarchical management of wetlands
Article 14 of the Law of the People's Republic of China on the Protection of Wetlands stipulates that the State shall implement hierarchical management of wetlands, and divide wetlands into important wetlands and general wetlands according to their ecological location, area, and importance of maintaining ecological functions and biodiversity. Important wetlands include wetlands of national importance and wetlands of provincial importance, and wetlands other than important wetlands are general wetlands.
At present, there are no important wetlands in our area, and all wetlands are general wetlands.
04
The role of wetlands in cities
Improve the ecological environment
As the "green lungs" of the city, wetlands have a variety of ecological functions such as purifying the air, regulating the climate, and keeping the water source clean. By absorbing carbon dioxide and releasing oxygen, wetlands help improve urban air quality. At the same time, the water body of the wetland can regulate the urban microclimate, alleviate the urban heat island effect, and make the urban environment more pleasant.
Conservation of biodiversity
Wetlands are the habitat of many species of wildlife and are important for maintaining biodiversity. By protecting and restoring wetlands, urban residents can have more opportunities to get in touch with nature and learn about biodiversity, thereby enhancing residents' environmental awareness and ecological literacy.
Leisure and entertainment spaces are available
Wetlands can be used as a good place for urban residents to enjoy leisure and entertainment, providing places for outdoor activities such as bird watching, photography, and fishing. With proper planning and management, sites such as wetland parks can become part of the city's culture and improve the quality of life of residents.
Flood prevention and mitigation functions
Wetlands have good water storage and seepage capacity, which can effectively reduce the impact of flooding on cities. In extreme weather events such as heavy rainfall, wetlands can play a role in regulating and mitigating the safety of urban residents' lives and property.
Water management
Wetlands serve as natural reservoirs that store and regulate urban water. In times of drought, wetlands can provide emergency water sources for cities and ensure the safety of residents' domestic water.
05
What should be prohibited on wetlands?
1. Reclamation (enclosure) and drainage of natural wetlands, and permanent cutting off of natural wetland water sources;
2. Unauthorized landfilling of natural wetlands, sand mining, mining, and soil extraction without authorization;
3. Discharging industrial wastewater, domestic sewage, and other wastewater and sewage that pollute wetlands that do not meet water pollutant discharge standards, dumping, stacking, discarding, or scattering solid waste;
4. Planting and breeding behaviors that pollute wetlands such as overgrazing or indiscriminate harvesting of wild plants, overfishing or extinction fishing, excessive fertilization, pesticides, and bait;
5. Other behaviors that damage wetlands and their ecological functions.
Contributed by the District Bureau of Natural Resources
Editor|Guan Lin Editor|Lin Yixia