"Jinpai" seeds out of the laboratory and bear "harvest fruits" in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei

The staff is sowing seeds.

　　In Zhongguan Town, Longhua County, Chengde City, Hebei Province, which is more than 300 kilometers away from Tianjin, the Jincheng Green Agricultural Science and Technology Collaborative Innovation Experimental Demonstration Base, which covers an area of more than 230,000 square meters, has recently completed its acceptance. In order to test whether the crops are adapted to the local environment, more than 200 varieties of vegetables, fruits, grains, Chinese medicinal materials and other crops are planted here, and about half of the seeds come from Tianjin.

　　This year is a key year for the revitalization of the seed industry from "laying the foundation in three years" to "achieving results in five years". In order to comprehensively promote spring plowing and spring sowing production, Tianjin has strengthened the "breeding" of scientific research institutions and accelerated the "seedling" of seed enterprises. At present, our city has Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin Agricultural College, Tianjin High-quality Agricultural Products Development Demonstration Center and many other seed industry research institutions; Kerun, Deruit, Tianlong, Geng, Huierjia and other more than 10 seed enterprises and 59 seed companies with seed business licenses, last year, in the country 42.15 million kilograms of multiplication (excluding potatoes), the main varieties of more than 500. A grain of "Jinpai" seeds walked out of the laboratory and bore heavy "harvest fruits" in the fields of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei.

　　Sufficient yield

　　Forty percent are sold to Hebei Province

　　Now it is the spring ploughing season, and the fields are rumbling with agricultural machinery, a lively scene. Tianjin Jinshi Shennong Seed Industry Co., Ltd. has nearly 7 million square meters of good breeding base and more than 60,000 square meters of seedling breeding base in Ninghe District. "3 kilograms of original seeds can breed more than 600 kilograms of field seeds. Last year, more than 2 million kilograms of high-quality rice seeds were produced here, 40 percent of which were sold to Hebei Province. Xu Linhua, general manager of the company, told reporters.

　　Loading the seedling tray, laying the subsoil, sowing seeds, covering the topsoil...... In the seedling raising area of the base, after going through a series of links on the "assembly line", the empty trays become rice seedling trays in a few seconds, which are neatly laid into the seedling shed. "This year's main planting, 'Jinyujing 22', has strong environmental adaptability and is a high-yielding and stable-yielding variety. In the past, seeds could produce more than 6 taels of rice per catty, and this variety could produce more than 7 taels per catty of rice. Xu Linhua said that they bred 300,000 "Jinyujing 22" seedlings this year, which can be used for planting more than 10,000 acres of land.

　　The "Jinyujing 22" mentioned by Xu Linhua is a rice variety cultivated by Wang Jingyu, a researcher at the Crop Research Institute of the Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, and his team, which passed the approval of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei integrated variety in 2018 and began to be promoted and planted in the three places in 2019. This variety has stable yield and strong disease resistance, and is the main rice variety in Beijing-Tianjin-Tang area. Tianjin's existing rice planting area exceeds 1 million mu, and "Jinyujing 22" accounts for more than 30%. The total planting area of this variety in Tangshan City, Handan City, Shijiazhuang City, Baoding City, Qinhuangdao City and other areas of Hebei Province exceeds 500,000 mu.

　　Also busy with rice seedlings is Tianjin Tianlong Technology Co., Ltd., located in Wangwenzhuang Town, Xiqing District, Tianjin. Walking into the breeding base of the company's National Japonica Rice Center, the staff put the seedling trays on the conveyor belt, and from time to time replenished the seeds and rice substrate to the feed port, and the next work was handed over to the combined rice planter. "These seeds have been soaked and coated in advance, and they are sprinkled in a seedling tray containing 2 cm thick substrate soil, and then covered with a thin layer of substrate soil and film shading and heat preservation to maintain a certain amount of water supply, and after about one week, the rice seedlings can break through the soil. Yu Zijia, a staff member of the company's scientific research department, told reporters that in the past month, more than 30 greenhouses in the base have been filled with seedling trays, among them, soft rice "Xiaozhanxiang No. 1" and purple glutinous rice "Jinte 6" are suitable for planting in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region.

　　Spring ploughing and spring sowing, seeds go first. Tianjin rice seeds are abundant in varieties and sufficient quantities. "Jinyujing 22", "Jinyuan 89", "Jinyuan U99", "Jindao 919", "Jinyujing 25", "Jinyujing 29" and so on are all rice varieties developed by our city. Last year, the amount of rice multiplied in our city reached 5.725 million kilograms, of which 1.17 million kilograms were sold to Hebei Province, with a promotion area of about 334,000 mu.

　　Technical hard

　　Work together to tackle the "stuck neck"

　　For a long time, the vegetable seed industry in our city has occupied a place in the country. For example, cucumber varieties in North China account for about 70% of the country's cultivated area; cauliflower varieties radiate to more than 20 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government) and Pakistan, Indonesia and other "Belt and Road" countries, with an annual seed export volume of 10,000 kilograms, and celery accounts for more than 30% of the country's total celery planting area......

　　However, many years ago, many vegetable provenances experienced the problem of "stuck neck". Tianjin actively carries out research on germplasm technology to solve the problem of "stuck neck" of germplasm resources, and the code to solve the problem is hidden in the breeding laboratory.

　　Walking into the Key Laboratory of Tianjin Vegetable Genetics and Breeding Enterprises, Sun Deling, an expert in the national bulk vegetable industry technology system, is extracting DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) from a cauliflower sample for molecular testing. "In the past, 90% of the cauliflower seeds in the mainland relied on imports, and each kilogram of seeds cost more than 3,000 yuan. At present, more than 90% of the cauliflower on the market is made from the mainland's own seeds. In 2019, he completed the world's first whole genome sequencing of cauliflower and created a cauliflower microspore culture technology system, shortening its breeding cycle from the traditional 8 to 10 years to 4 to 5 years. He and his team have successively bred more than 20 varieties such as "Jinxue" and "Jinpin", which have been promoted to more than 20 provinces and cities across the country to realize the localization of cauliflower hybrid varieties.

　　Testing, comparison, testing...... In addition to plunging headlong into the laboratory, Sun Deling also often appears in the field. On average, he experiments with more than 3,000 cauliflower hybrids a year, with at least 20 plants per hybrid. According to reports, at present, the supply of cauliflower seeds in Tianjin accounts for about 20% of the country. Last year, Tianjin sold 318.81 kilograms of cauliflower seeds to Hebei Province, with a promotion area of about 34,000 mu, and 230 kilograms to Beijing, with a promotion area of about 25,000 mu.

　　Not only cauliflower, but also more than 10 kinds of fruits and vegetables such as cucumber, Chinese cabbage, and celery are also the main research objects of the city's seed industry. As the category with the largest proportion of multiplication in our city last year, the number of cucumber varieties reached 147,000 kilograms, of which 6,033 kilograms were sold to Hebei Province, with a promotion area of about 54,000 mu, and 150 kilograms were sold to Beijing, with a promotion area of about 700 acres.

　　It is understood that some enterprises in our city have begun to apply molecular breeding on cucumbers and other dishes, and companies such as DeRuiter and Kerun have actively established big data in the seed industry, expanded the breadth and depth of excellent allele mining in germplasm resources, improved the operability of complex trait improvement and the efficiency of new variety breeding, and solved the problem of "stuck neck" in the seed industry from the source.

　　Although the market share of domestic cauliflower varieties in mainland China has reached more than 90%, broccoli, which also belongs to the cruciferous family, cannot get rid of import dependence. In view of the "stuck neck" problems such as heavy dependence on imports of broccoli seed sources, the city's seed industry has run out of innovation "acceleration". Not long ago, Zhang Xiaoli, an associate researcher at the Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, and researchers from the Institute of Vegetables and Flowers of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, developed a new method for creating cytoplasmic male sterile lines with paternal haploid inducible lines mediated by cytoplasmic substitution. This biological breeding approach can shorten the breeding period by 4 to 5 years, greatly improve the breeding efficiency of broccoli and other cruciferous crops, and provide strong technical support for the steady and rapid transformation from traditional breeding to efficient biological breeding.

　　The platform is strong

　　A new pattern of coordinated development

　　The seeds of innovation are sown in the land of Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei, which is inseparable from the "incubation" of the base. In recent years, many crop varieties developed in our city have been planted in the Beijing-Hebei Agricultural Park, and at the same time, a large number of seeds developed in Beijing and Hebei have also grown in the city's major parks and bases.

　　A few days ago, the reporter came to the modern agricultural science and technology innovation base of Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences located in the west of Wuqing City, with a pilot workshop of 30,000 square meters and a test field of 2,600 acres...... Every year, more than 20,000 hybrid combinations are tested here, and more than 100 new varieties and technologies are developed.

　　"The innovation base is mainly carrying out experimental research and transformation and promotion activities of plant breeding, deep processing technology of agricultural products, modern agricultural production technology, agricultural biotechnology and so on. Zhang Yuanfang, deputy director of the Logistics Support and Base Management Office of the Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, told reporters that this is the genetic resource bank of Tianjin agriculture, with more than 300,000 germplasm resources preserved.

　　The park is an "incubator" for industrial upgrading, and the alliance is a "booster" to promote the high-quality development of the seed industry in the three places. In recent years, the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Alliance has strengthened collaborative innovation in science and technology, continuously strengthened cooperation among enterprises in the region around the key areas and key links of agricultural science and technology innovation, and jointly sorted out a number of key scientific and technological innovation tasks and jointly carried out technical research.

　　Cheng Wenjuan, deputy director of the Science and Technology Management and Cooperation and Exchange Department of Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, said: "Last year, the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Alliance, together with scientific research institutes and enterprises, demonstrated the planting of more than 40 varieties of high-quality tomatoes, pumpkins, cucumbers, cabbage and other varieties in the Zhaoxian base of Shijiazhuang, and demonstrated 1,000 square meters of closed inorganic substrate tank culture and 1,000 square meters of hydroponic leafy vegetables. According to her, up to now, the innovation alliance has collected and reserved more than 1,700 new varieties of fruits and vegetables in Beijing and Tianjin and a number of domestic leading planting technologies, and built a collaborative innovation mechanism of "Beijing and Tianjin research and development, Hebei pilot test, local transformation, and first promotion" to promote the transformation of new varieties of high-quality vegetables and new scientific research achievements in Hebei Province.

　　In order to further accelerate the promotion efficiency of new approved varieties in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei same adaptation ecological zone, the agricultural and rural departments of the three places optimize the record process for the introduction of major crops, and promote the mutual recognition of the identification results of disease resistance of approved varieties. The relevant person in charge of the Municipal Agriculture and Rural Committee said that in the future, the city will enhance the scientific and technological innovation ability of seed enterprises by building a platform, innovating mechanisms, and breaking bottlenecks, and accelerate the introduction and promotion of new varieties, new technologies, new equipment, and new models. At the same time, we will actively introduce enterprises with R&D capabilities and talents with breeding experience, coordinate the collaboration and cooperation between scientific research institutes, seed industry enterprises, production units and other parties, continue to promote technological innovation, carry out collaborative research, and make every effort to create a new pattern of coordinated development of regional seed industry.