First, the concept of as-built drawings
1. Definition of as-built drawings
The as-built drawing is a drawing that is consistent with the project entity by modifying or redrawing the construction drawing according to various real construction records and directive technical documents on the construction site during the construction process.
Article 2.0.6 of the Code for Archiving and Sorting of Construction Engineering Documents GB/T50328-2014 (2019 Edition) defines as-built drawings as drawings that truly reflect the construction results of construction projects after the completion and acceptance of the project.
Relevant specifications for as-built drawings:
"Code for Archiving and Sorting of Construction Engineering Documents" GB/T50328-2014 (2019 Edition);
Regulations on the Quality Management of Construction Projects, Order No. 279 of the State Council of the People's Republic of China
Several Interim Provisions of the State Construction Commission on the Preparation of Completion Drawings of Capital Construction Projects
GB/T50328-2014（2019版）：
2.0.6 竣工图（as-build drawing）
After the completion and acceptance of the project, the drawings that truly reflect the construction results of the construction project.
4.2.6 The format and size of the Chinese material in the engineering document should be A4 format (297mm×210mm). The drawings should be based on the national standard sheet.
4.2.7 The durability and durability of the paper of engineering documents shall comply with the provisions of the current national standard "Information and Literature Archive Paper Durability and Durability Requirements" GB/T24422.
4.2.8 All as-built drawings shall be stamped with as-built stamps.
1. The basic content of the as-built stamp should include: the words "as-built drawing", the construction unit, the preparer, the reviewer, the technical person in charge, the date of preparation, the supervision unit, the on-site supervision, and the director.
An example of an as-built stamp is shown below:
The size of the as-built stamp is: 50mm×80mm.
The as-built stamp should be made of red ink that is not easy to fade, and should be covered in the blank space above the icon bar.
4.2.9 The drawing and redrawing of as-built drawings shall comply with the provisions of the current national drawing standards.
2. The difference between design drawings, construction drawings and as-built drawings
Design drawings, construction drawings, and as-built drawings are produced at different stages and times of the project, and also correspond to different economic activities.
Analysis table of design drawings, construction drawings and as-built drawings
| drawing | Preparation time | Preparation unit | Material | substance | Corresponding to economic activities |
| plan | Schematic design phase | Design unit | White Figure | Table of Contents, Descriptions, Floor Plans, Elevations | Estimates |
| Construction drawings | Construction drawing design stage | Design unit | blueprint | Table of Contents, Descriptions, Floor Plans, Elevations, Sections, Specifications, Node Drawings | Budget |
| As-built drawings | During construction | Construction unit | New blueprints | Table of Contents, Descriptions, Floor Plans, Elevations, Sections, Specifications, Node Drawings | Settlement |
The as-built drawing of the construction project is an important part of the urban construction archives, the core of the construction project files, and the as-built drawings are an important basis for the acceptance, reconstruction, expansion and maintenance management of the project after the completion of the project.
As-built drawings are an important basis for urban planning, construction and management.
As-built drawings are an important basis for project maintenance management.
The as-built drawings are the legal evidence of the judicial appraisal ruling.
The as-built drawings are an important guarantee for earthquake prevention and post-war recovery and reconstruction.
3. Scope of preparation of as-built drawings:
Article 2 of the "Several Interim Provisions on the Preparation of Completion Drawings for Capital Construction Projects" stipulates that "all new construction, expansion, reconstruction, and relocation of capital construction projects shall prepare completion drawings. In particular, in the construction project, the foundation, underground buildings, pipelines, structures, shafts, tunnels, tunnels, ports, dams, and equipment installation projects must be prepared as-built drawings. ”
The definition of construction works is [refers to civil engineering, construction engineering, installation of wiring pipelines and equipment, and renovation works].
4. The basic content of the preparation of as-built drawings:
According to the specialty, it includes the completion drawings of civil engineering (including buildings and structures), the completion drawings of water supply and drainage installation projects, the completion drawings of electricity, lighting electrical and weak current (including communications, lightning protection, grounding, television, etc.) installation projects, the completion drawings of HVAC projects (including heating, ventilation and air conditioning), the completion drawings of gas (as well as oxygen, acetylene, steam, compressed air, etc.), the completion drawings of equipment and technological flow, and the completion drawings of decoration.
The specific contents of the drawings are: drawing catalog, description of as-built drawings, floor plans, elevation drawings, section drawings, large sample node drawings, etc.
Examples by profession include:
Architecture: Cover, Catalogue of As-built Drawings, Description, List of Architectural Construction Practices, General Plan, Floor Plan, Elevation, Section, Staircase, Partial Plan, Architectural Details.
Structure: Cover, Catalogue of As-built Drawings of Structure, Description, Foundation Plan, Detail of Foundation, Structural Drawing of Basement (Civil Air Defense Drawing), Detail of Basement Structure, Layout of Floor Structure, Reinforcement of Floor, Detail of Beams, Columns, Slabs, Stairs, Detail of Structural Components.
Water supply and drainage: cover page, catalogue of as-built drawings of water supply and drainage, description, general plan, floor plan (bottom to top), detailed drawings, water supply, fire protection, drainage, and stormwater system drawings.
Examples by profession include:
Electrical: Cover, Catalogue of Electrical As-built Drawings, Description, Table of Main Equipment Materials, Floor Plan, Detailed Drawings, System Diagrams, Control Circuit Diagrams. Large-scale projects should be set up according to strong current, weak current, fire alarm and its intelligent system.
HVAC: Cover, HVAC as-built drawings, description, main equipment material table, floor plan, sectional drawing, detailed drawing, system drawing.
Landscape: Cover, Catalogue of Landscape As-built Drawings, Description, General Drawing, Vertical Drawing, Pay-off Drawing, Index Drawing, Zoning Drawing, Power Saving Detail, Pavement Detail.
Afforestation: Cover, Catalogue of Greening As-built Drawings, Description, Seedling Material Table, General Drawing, Arbor Planting Drawing, Shrub Planting Drawing, Ground Cover Planting Drawing.
5. Specific content requirements:
The original construction drawing is the basis for the preparation of the as-built drawing, and if there is a construction drawing, a corresponding as-built drawing should be prepared. Except for the cancellation of construction drawings.
6. The basis for the preparation of as-built drawings
construction drawings (design blueprints);
Drawing review and design disclosure records;
Design change notice, approved negotiation order;
Acceptance records of concealed projects;
Quality accident report and handling records;
engineering positioning survey;
Construction inspection and survey, as-built survey, etc.
Second, the method of preparing as-built drawings
1. Preparation principle
1) Use the original construction drawings (blueprints) to modify and draw:
(1) Without modification, the as-built seal shall be stamped on the original construction drawing;
(2) If there are few modifications, the original construction drawings should be changed, the basis for modification should be indicated, and then the completion stamp should be stamped;
(3) Partial modification, proposing a part of it and redrawing;
(4) If there are many modifications, more than 1/3 of the drawing sheet, the design institute will issue the final construction drawing, and then affix the completion stamp;
2) Redraw as-built drawings:
Use the electronic version of the CAD drawing provided by the design unit to modify and draw the as-built drawing (requirements: redraw the table of contents, description; use the newly drawn as-built drawing icon; each as-built drawing must indicate the drawing basis).
The difference between the two methods of drawing as-built drawings
| Modification of construction drawings | Redraw | |
| condition | Original construction blueprints (at least 2 sets) Fewer changes | The design unit provides an electronic version (CAD drawing) or draws it by itself There are a lot of changes |
| peculiarity | Drawing is convenient, simple, low cost, easy to review, and short time | The professional and technical requirements for personnel are high, the drawing and review time is relatively long, and there is no basis for redrawing by the construction unit |
| substance | Make the change directly in the change area and specify the basis Stamped with as-built drawings sign stamp | The changes must be compared with the original construction drawings Use as-built icons |
Notice of the State Capital Construction Commission on the issuance of the "Several Interim Provisions on the Preparation of Completion Drawings of Capital Construction Projects" (82) Jianfa Shi Zi No. 50
3. The form and depth of the preparation of as-built drawings should be treated differently according to different circumstances;
(1) If there is no change in the construction according to the drawings, the construction unit (including the general contractor and the subcontractor construction unit, the same below) shall be stamped with the "as-built drawing" mark on the original construction drawing, which shall be regarded as the as-built drawing.
(2) In the construction, although there are general design changes, but the original construction drawings can be modified and supplemented as as-built drawings, they can not be redrawn, and the construction unit is responsible for indicating the modified part on the original construction drawings (must be new bluelands), and attach the design change notice and construction instructions, and stamp the "as-built drawings" sign, which is used as the as-built drawings.
(3) Where the structural form, process change, plane layout change, project change and other major changes, it is not suitable to modify or supplement the original construction drawing, and the changed as-built drawing should be redrawn. If it is caused by design reasons, the design unit is responsible for redrawing. If it is caused by construction reasons, the construction unit shall draw by itself or entrust the design unit to draw. The construction unit is responsible for stamping the "as-built drawing" sign on the new drawing and attaching relevant records and descriptions as the as-built drawing.
When major reconstruction and expansion projects involve changes to the original engineering projects, the as-built drawings of the relevant projects should be uniformly sorted out and archived, and the necessary explanations should be added to the original pattern volume.
Request:
Regardless of which method is used, it is necessary to redraw the as-built drawing catalog and foundation as-built drawings according to the specialty.
The as-built drawing number should be consecutive.
Description of as-built drawings: the basis for compilation, a description of the actual situation after the completion of the project.
The as-built stamp should be stamped in the blank space on the front as far as possible.
When using construction drawings (blueprints) to redraw as-built drawings, the basis for modification must be indicated, that is, the number of the design change order, drawing review or material substitution order must be indicated in the modification.
The redrawn as-built drawings can no longer be modified with a pen on the drawings.
For redrawn as-built drawings, it is advisable to sign off on the blueprints.
The redrawn as-built drawings shall adopt the re-drawn as-built drawings icon stipulated by the city.
The drawing method is modified as much as possible with the new construction blueprint.
Steps to prepare as-built drawings:
(1) Collect and sort out various supporting documents
(2) Preparation of as-built drawings in stages
(3) Review of as-built drawings
(4) Signature of the as-built drawing
(5) The technical person in charge of the construction unit or instructs the relevant professional and technical personnel to review the as-built drawings handed over by the construction unit one by one to ensure good quality.
Sheet:
The full name is the drawing format, which generally refers to the size of the drawing for drawing technical drawings. There are five basic formats of national norms and standards, A0, A1, A2, A3 and A4.
The specific dimensions are:
A0=1189×841 (mm)
A1=841×594 (mm)
A2=594×420 (mm)
A3=420×297 (mm)
A4=297×210 (mm)
Lengthening: For special needs, the lengthened size can be extended according to the 1/8 module of the long side (according to the unified standard of housing architectural drawing). For example: A3 lengthened.
2) As-built drawings of the foundation (according to the actual situation of the site)
The preparation of the as-built drawings of the foundation should be redrawn according to the complete construction records. To draw the longitudinal and cross-section of the foundation and the geological conditions truthfully, the redrawn as-built drawings of the foundation should be redrawn with the as-built drawing icon.
Instructions for the preparation of as-built drawings of the foundation shall include:
1. The design bearing capacity and actual bearing capacity of the foundation;
2. The relationship between the relative elevation and the absolute elevation of the indoor and outdoor elevation of the project;
3. What rock quality is the foundation of the project buried, the depth of the rock and other important data;
4. The uniaxial compressive sampling site of the rock and the number of the uniaxial compressive report of the rock.
The drawings include: foundation plan, foundation pit (digging pile) section, large drawing, list of digging pile foundation.
3) Use the construction drawing modification as the specific modification method of the as-built drawing:
There are generally two situations for modifying construction drawings:
For changes in the form of drawing review records, design change notices, technical approval orders, concealed engineering acceptance records, etc., the original construction drawing change parts are crossed out with a thin solid line with carbon ink (with a ruler), so that the part to be carried can see the situation before the change, and then draw a graphic that truly reflects the physical object, note the size of the real thing, write the text that truly reflects the physical object, and mark the basis for the change in the appropriate blank space close to the changed part. For example, see Clause × of Change Notice No. × dated × × ×.
The blueprint for the change of the change part is made out of the form, and the change part of the original construction drawing is crossed out with a carbon ink pen, and the basis for the change is marked in the appropriate blank space near the change part. Modifications, explanations and annotations shall not overlap with the content of the original construction drawings, and the content of the original construction drawings shall not be destroyed. The method of modifying the construction drawings as the as-built drawings is adopted, and the change documents must be stored in a centralized manner and arranged in an orderly manner.
For example:
Several annotation symbols used in the preparation of as-built drawings
1. Carry the change line: used to carry the size of the figure and the text description;
(1) Straight carrying:— (2) Diagonal carrying/
2. Cross line: used to cross out circles and drawing lines;
(1) Single fork line: × (2) Multiple fork line: ××× (3) Round cross line:
3. Draw out the annotation line: used for the annotation description of the drawing
(1) Straight lead-out wire
(2) Broken line lead-out
4. Index symbols and leadouts
For example:
3. Requirements for the preparation of as-built drawings
1. The time, number of sets and preparation unit of the as-built drawing
1) The time for the preparation of as-built drawings
The preparation time of the as-built drawings shall be implemented in accordance with the 1982 [Jianfa Shi Zi No. 50] "Several Interim Provisions on the Preparation of Completion Drawings of Capital Construction" of the former State Construction Commission. Article 2 of the regulation requires that "the preparation of various as-built drawings must be during the construction process (not after completion)".
Reasons for preparing as-built drawings during construction:
The construction period of the project is generally long, the personnel changes, the construction unit contracts a large number of engineering projects, the personnel is limited, and the technical force is insufficient.
Advantages of preparing as-built drawings during construction:
Disperse the workload, have a clear grasp of the situation, and check the error in time.
2) The number of sets of as-built drawings
According to the actual situation, the number of sets to be prepared shall be determined, and when both parties A and B sign the contract, it shall be clear that the number of sets of as-built drawings shall be prepared for the construction project. Generally, there are no less than two sets.
3) The unit that prepares the as-built drawings
In the "Several Interim Provisions on the Preparation of Capital Construction Completion Drawings" [Jianfa Shi Zi No. 50], it is stipulated as follows: "The construction unit shall make construction records and inspection records during construction, sort out the change documents, and timely do a good job of the completion drawings to ensure the quality of the completion drawings, and the acceptance of the completion drawings and completion documents is one of the contents of the project acceptance".
The unit for compiling the as-built drawings is the construction unit, and the personnel who perform the preparation of the as-built drawings shall be undertaken by the construction technicians.
The preparation of as-built drawings is the task of the construction unit for the following reasons:
▲The documents on which the as-built drawings are prepared are basically formed by the construction department.
▲The construction unit is the direct builder of the project products, and is most familiar with the changes in the project, especially the actual measurement records for the hidden parts, which can ensure that the prepared as-built drawings are in line with the actual situation.
▲After the completion of the project, the construction unit shall submit complete and accurate as-built drawings and other technical documents and materials to the construction unit in accordance with national regulations as the basis for delivery and acceptance.
It shall be undertaken by the relevant technical personnel participating in the construction of the project. The reasons for this are:
1. The preparation of as-built drawings is a highly technical work, and it is necessary to bear technical responsibility, so the technical personnel who participate in the organization of construction are responsible for the preparation.
2. The engineering and technical personnel responsible for the construction solve and deal with the technical problems in the construction. Once the building is inconsistent with the construction drawings due to technical changes, the engineering and technical personnel have the responsibility to make changes and draw the as-built drawings to ensure that the drawings and objects are consistent.
3. The engineering and technical personnel responsible for the construction have first-hand information on the site and are very clear about the on-site situation.
Therefore, the preparation of as-built drawings by construction technicians can be accurate, in line with reality, and can ensure the quality of as-built drawings.
Conditions for as-built drawings:
There should be a seal of the as-built drawing or a redrawn as-built drawing icon;
It should be a new blueprint;
It should be reviewed and signed by the preparer and the technical person in charge of the construction unit;
There should be the on-site supervision and audit signature of the supervision unit and the signature of the director;
The as-built drawings should be numbered uniformly according to the specialty;
The as-built drawings should be prepared according to the completion time.
Quality requirements for the preparation of as-built drawings:
The most important requirements:
The as-built drawings should be true, accurate and meet the professional and technical requirements.
The as-built drawings must be consistent with the actual situation, and the quality of the drawings must be ensured, so that the specifications are unified, the drawings are neat, and the handwriting is clear.
Specific requirements:
It is required that the pictures, objects and words are consistent, and there are no errors, omissions and ambiguities.
When using construction drawings to redraw as-built drawings, the basis for change must be indicated at the change place, so that the instructions are clear, neat and beautiful, so as to facilitate reference.
The change of the blueprint can be carried out according to the specific situation of the change, and can not be scraped to keep the drawing neat and tidy. When using construction blueprints to prepare as-built drawings, you must use the new blueprints.
The various lead out descriptions on the figure should generally be parallel to the figure frame, and the lead lines should not cross each other and not cover other lines.
The contents of the completion stamp or completion icon are complete and clear, and shall not be signed, stamped with a private seal or printed.
The completion stamp should be used in the city's unified completion stamp, all using the red oil stamp, required to be stamped on the front of the drawing icon or next to the blank space, if there is no blank space on the front of the drawing, it will be covered on the back of the drawing, in the remarks of the as-built drawing catalog.
The preparation of the "as-built drawing" must be written and drawn with carbon ink, and must not be drawn with a pen of other inks and colors, so as to be stored for a long time. The depiction paper must be of good quality, the depiction lines must be solid, and the ink color must be uniform to meet the requirements of re-drying.
The professional terms, terms, codes, graphic words, symbols, lines and selected structural elements on the as-built drawings, as well as the units of measurement filled in, shall comply with the relevant standards and regulations.
As-built drawings should have a complete drawing catalog.
The redrawn as-built drawings may not be modified with a pen.
The as-built drawings can be folded with reference to GB/T10609.3-2009 "Folding Method for Reproducing Drawings for Technical Purposes".
In order to ensure the quality of the preparation of as-built drawings, the preparation of as-built drawings should also be complete, accurate and timely.
Complete specific requirements: First, the preparation scope, content, and quantity of the as-built drawings should be consistent with the construction drawings.
Accurate specific requirements: as-built drawings must be signed and stamped by relevant personnel. Additions, deletions, and modifications must be based on clear labeling, accurate and neat words and figures, clear graphics, and standardized and standardized compilation, so that the drawings are consistent.
Specific requirements in a timely manner: the basic work of the preparation of as-built drawings should be done in a timely manner, and in the construction process, the data should be collected and sorted out in a timely manner, and the design change documents should be kept and recorded in a timely manner.
The requirements generally include three aspects:
First, the internal quality standard, that is, the as-built drawings must conform to the reality and reflect the final situation of the end of construction;
Second, the appearance quality standard is that the format is neat, the graphics are clear, the logo is eye-catching, and the marking position is reasonable, so as to achieve the purpose of rapid access and convenient use;
3. The quality standards for the use of materials such as paper, folding, binding, writing, stamping, printing, and printing should meet the requirements for long-term safe storage of archives.
Folding and categorizing volumes of as-built drawings
1. Folding of as-built drawings
The as-built drawings are drawn in accordance with the standard drawing sheet, folded in accordance with GB/T10609.3-2009, the folding method of the technical drawing copy drawing, the folding size is A4 is 210*297mm, the binding line is left 35~40mm, the content of the drawing is folded inward, due to the unbalanced thickness of the drawing file left and right when binding, the cushion block should be added on the side of the gutter, The back pad is flat, and strive to be neat and beautiful, easy to consult, conducive to long-term preservation, and should be careful not to crop to the content of the drawing when cutting, and do not cut off the inner frame line.
A3 Sheet folding method: Fold the drawing in half along the long side (along the line shown 1), and then fold the side without the gutter (along line 2).
Comparison table of horizontal and vertical folding methods for vertical drawings (icons on the short side):
| Picture frames | Standard size (L×W) | Crease length | Folded size | ||
| horizontal | 竖式 | horizontal | 竖式 | ||
| A4 | 297×210 | not | not | No need to fold | No need to fold |
| A3 | 420×297 | 594 | 717 | 297×205/297×210 (all drawings are A3 can be used) | / |
| A2 | 594×420 | 1854 | 1608 | 297×205 | 297×205 |
| A1 | 841×594 | 3217 | 3711 | 297×205 | / |
| A0 | 1189×841 | 6583 | 7279 | 297×205 | / |
Note: When folding in the vertical method, the drawing needs to be pasted.
It is recommended to fold vertical drawings in the same way as horizontal drawings. Reason: Most of the drawings with different sheets have fewer creases than vertical folding, which can ensure the best state before scanning.
2. Classification and group volume of as-built drawings
The method of assembling the as-built drawings should be arranged in the order of specialization and time according to the unit project. For example: building - structure - water supply and drainage - HVAC - electrical, to maintain its systematization and coherence. When assembling as-built drawings, consideration should be given to ease of storage and reference. When there are not many drawings, it can be composed of a volume; there are many drawings, which can be divided into professional volumes according to architecture, structure, water supply and drainage, electrical, HVAC, etc.; there are also many drawings of the same specialty, and the drawings with different display angles and different expressions such as planes, elevations, and large sample node drawings can be grouped into volumes. After folding, the thickness of each roll is controlled within 3 cm when dividing the roll.
Precautions for the preparation of as-built drawings:
1. Contents
1) Make the picture consistent;
2) Flat correspondence;
3) The content of the as-built drawing should correspond to the original construction drawing, if there is an increase or decrease, the basis should be indicated; for example, the content should include: catalog, description, general plan, plane, elevation, section and sample node, etc., without omission.
4) Catalogue of as-built drawings
5) Description
6) The redrawn as-built drawings can no longer be modified with a pen.
7) The signature is complete, and the name cannot be typed by machine.
2. Specification requirements
1) Adopt the map frame (icons in different map sheets) that are unified by national standards.
2) Size ratio, according to a unified standard.
3) Unit: mm. (Single-line schematic diagram: the wall is illustrated with a single line)
4) The as-built drawing icon should be located in the lower right corner of the drawing frame, and the size (180*48) should not be scaled.
5) Font size, mainly clear.
6) Graphic lines, standard drawing, clear drawing.
7) Do not use correction fluid or scraping.
Fourth, the review of as-built drawings
1. After the completion of the preparation of the as-built drawings, the supervision unit shall supervise and assist the preparation of the as-built drawings to check the preparation of the as-built drawings, and modify and supplement them in a timely manner when inaccurate or shortages are found. The technical person in charge of the project undertaking the construction shall also review and approve them one by one. For construction projects that adopt general contracting and subcontracting, each construction unit shall be responsible for preparing the as-built drawings of the contracted project, and the general contractor shall be responsible for the summary and sorting work. The review of as-built drawings focuses on whether they can accurately reflect the actual construction status of the project.
2. The content of the as-built drawings should be consistent with the construction drawing design, design change, negotiation, material change, construction and quality inspection records.
3. The as-built drawings are prepared according to the unit project, device or specialty, and are equipped with detailed preparation instructions and catalogs.
4. The as-built drawings should use new or clean construction drawings, and be stamped and signed as required.
5. If a change notice involves multiple drawings, if the drawings are not in the same volume, a copy should be attached to the relevant volume, or explained in the remarks table.
The main contents of the as-built drawing review:
whether all the areas that should be amended have been modified;
whether the diagram has been modified accordingly in relation to the diagram;
Whether the basis for the amendment is indicated in all amendments;
Whether the basis for the amendment is complete in terms of signatures and seals;
Whether the directory is consistent with the actual content.
Audit Principles:
Supervision in the process;
Understand the actual situation of the project;
Understand the requirements of the as-built drawings;
Self-inspection, initial inspection, formal acceptance, and strengthen multi-person inspection.