Bile is one of the important digestive organs of the human body, what tissues does the biliary system include, what is the synergistic effect between them? How do common biliary tract diseases, stones, and tumors occur? and how can we prevent biliary tract lesions?
In this issue, Ying Jieer, chief physician of the Department of Hepatobiliary, Pancreatic and Gastroenterology of Zhejiang Provincial Cancer Hospital, is invited to authoritatively interpret the hidden "cancer king" to be vigilant against biliary tract cancer.
01
What causes biliary tract tumors?
In the past two years, the overall incidence of cancer has been on the rise. Although biliary tract tumors are uncommon, China is one of the most common places for biliary tract tumors.
The incidence of biliary tract tumors in China is more than 7/100,000, which is the highest incidence rate in the world. Therefore, it is very important to monitor and prevent the occurrence of biliary tract tumors in advance.
According to Director Ying, from the existing analysis data, there are many factors related to the incidence of biliary tract tumors:
01 Biliary tract stone disease
Stones in the gallbladder and bile ducts are associated with the occurrence of biliary tract tumors.
02Chronic inflammation of the anal tract
Inflammation of the gallbladder, inflammation of the bile ducts, and the secretion of metabolites and irritants can cause damage to the mucous membrane.
The accumulation of damage for a long time will cause dysplasia of the mucosa, which has a certain correlation with tumorigenesis.
03 Gallbladder disease
For example, gallbladder polyps may be found in the physical examination report, which may also be related to biliary tract tumors.
04 Abnormalities in the structure of the biliary system
Structural abnormalities of the biliary system, such as primary sclerosing cholangitis, may also be associated with the development of biliary tract tumors.
05Affected by some chronic diseases
Diabetes mellitus and chronic liver disease may have some effects on biliary tract tumors.
02
How do gallstones cause them?
Cholestasis and altered bile composition are the main causes of gallstones.
Gallstones are cholesterol in nature and can be dissolved in bile, but not in water.
So when the cholesterol content in bile exceeds the ability of bile to break down, it will precipitate and precipitate crystals. This crystalline substance slowly accumulates, calcification, and becomes gallstones.
03
Skip breakfast
Can it trigger gallstones?
Director Ying introduced: Skipping breakfast has a certain correlation with gallstones.
Three meals a day, regular rations, and maintaining a healthy lifestyle are also very important in preventing the occurrence of biliary tract tumors.
The gallbladder has a emptying effect, and if you normally eat three meals a day, there will be three emptying, and bile will be secreted to the duodenum in time.
However, if you skip breakfast, the emptying time will be longer, and the bile will remain in the gallbladder for a longer time, which may increase the cholesterol level and make it easier to form gallstones.
04
What happens when gallstones flare up?
Pain caused by gallstones, ranging from mild to severe:
01Pain in the upper right abdomen, pain
In general, pain in the upper right quadrant is dull, but if the gallstone has caused obstruction, then colic may occur.
02 The pain can extend to the right shoulder and back
Sometimes, this pain radiates to the back of the shoulder. That is, in addition to pain in the upper right abdomen, the back of the shoulder can also cause pain.
03 Accompanied by nausea and vomiting, jaundice and fever
In some patients, it will cause nausea and vomiting, which will affect the patency of the biliary tract and cause symptoms of jaundice and fever.
Therefore, gallstones cannot be ignored, and the problems caused by gallstones are of great severity.
05
Gallstones and biliary tract tumors
What kind of relationship is it?
Although gallstones rank first among the influencing factors of biliary tract tumors, they are still very far from biliary tract tumors.
The occurrence of gallstones is relatively common, and nearly 10%~20% of the population in clinical practice have gallstones.
However, the probability of biliary tract tumors is not high, about 6 or 7 in 100,000.
Although gallstones are still far from biliary tract tumors, they should still be taken seriously.
Gallstones enlarge in the biliary tract, bile ducts, and gallbladder, which will stimulate and damage the mucosa, and the mucosa will continue to circulate the process of "damage→repair → damage", which will lead to the dysplasia of cells, which may develop into biliary tumors.
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