Continue to improve the ability of ecological pollution prevention and control

Key takeaways

Continuously improving the ability of ecological pollution prevention and control is not only a necessary contribution to the construction of a beautiful China, but also a necessary policy to meet the people's pursuit of beauty, a necessary ability to build an ecological civilization, and a necessary measure to respond to the concerns of the people.

Qian Yong, Wang Jiao

Continuing to fight the battle against pollution is not only the basic requirement for the construction of a beautiful China, but also a concrete action to thoroughly implement Xi Jinping Thought on Ecological Civilization, a basic guarantee to meet the people's pursuit of a better life, and an important practice of high-quality economic development.

The construction of ecological civilization should adhere to goal-oriented, systematic thinking and problem-oriented, closely focus on the overall goal of building a beautiful China, highlight the solution of major problems and main contradictions, coordinate and concentrate superior resources to fight the three major battles of blue sky, clear water and pure land, improve the ability of pollution prevention and control, harmonious symbiosis and risk control, and support high-quality development with a high-quality ecological environment.

1. Highlight the problem orientation and continue to improve the ability to overcome difficulties

The battle to defend the blue sky is the top priority of the battle. Promoting the continuous improvement of air quality is a concrete action to thoroughly implement Xi Jinping Thought on Ecological Civilization and the deployment of the National Conference on Ecological and Environmental Protection, an inevitable requirement for adhering to the people-centered approach to ensure the health of the people, and an important part of the construction of a beautiful China.

The battle to defend the blue sky should continue to deepen the prevention and control of air pollution, adhere to the general tone of seeking progress while maintaining stability, take the improvement of air quality as the core, highlight key regions, key directions, key areas and key industries, etc., and take the coordinated promotion of carbon reduction, pollution reduction, green expansion and growth as the core, continue to improve the ability to overcome difficulties, build a beautiful China with blue skies and white clouds and twinkling stars, and contribute "Chinese wisdom" to the construction of a clean and beautiful world.

The first is to highlight key areas. It is necessary to clarify the key areas of the blue sky defense campaign, take the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region and its surrounding areas, the Yangtze River Delta and the Fenwei Plain and other regions as the main combat directions, and focus on the main problems such as industrial structure, energy structure, and transportation structure, and highlight the phenomenon of low overall level of green development, energy structure biased towards coal, and transportation biased towards highways, so as to promote regional green development as a whole. Adhere to local and situational policies, strengthen regional joint prevention and control at different levels and categories, take the opportunity of accelerating green, low-carbon and high-quality development, adjust and optimize the green development of the industrial structure, promote the green transformation and upgrading of the energy structure and transportation structure, integrate air pollution prevention and control into the overall situation of economic and social development, and force ecological priority and green and low-carbon development. Comprehensively consider multiple factors such as air pollution transmission and administrative management, adjust and optimize the regional scope, clarify the key points of regional prevention and control, adapt to the new trend of air pollution control in key areas, and improve the efficiency of regional comprehensive treatment.

The second is to highlight key directions. It is necessary to adhere to the key task of reducing the concentration of fine particulate matter (PM2.5), identify the factors that affect the formation of heavily polluted weather that affects public health, and continue to reduce the concentration of fine particulate matter by greatly reducing the emission of volatile organic compounds, nitrogen oxides and other pollutants. Persist in strengthening the source control of air pollution, accelerate the promotion of clean energy and central heating substitution according to the actual situation in different regions, and continue to reduce the emission of high energy consumption and high pollution such as loose coal, coal-fired boilers and industrial furnaces. Adhere to coordinated governance, pay close attention to the main contradictions that cause air pollution, clarify the main direction of air pollution control, strengthen target coordination, multi-pollutant control coordination, departmental coordination, regional coordination, and policy coordination, implement the whole chain of pollution prevention and control covering the source, process, and end, and strive to enhance the management, integrity, and coordination of the atmospheric environment management system, and coordinate the management of multiple pollutants.

The third is to highlight key areas. It is necessary to carry out in-depth governance of key industries, gradually improve industry emission standards, promote high-quality ultra-low emission transformation of key industries such as steel, cement, coking and coal-fired boilers, clarify the emission standards of the whole chain of production processes, and extend production management to clean transportation. Strictly control the emission reduction of volatile organic compounds, optimize the structure of raw and auxiliary materials and products of volatile organic compounds, and strengthen the comprehensive management of the whole process and all links. Prevent atmospheric ammonia pollution, improve the technical level of mechanical deep application of nitrogen fertilizer and low-protein diets, reduce the closed management of livestock and poultry farms, closed disposal of manure and other processes, and effectively reduce the intensity of ammonia emissions.

Fourth, highlight key industries. It is necessary to give full play to the role of enterprises as the main force in pollution control and emission reduction, promote the deep integration of industrial digitalization, intelligence and greening, encourage enterprises to eliminate backward production processes and obsolete equipment, provide financial subsidies for improving production processes, and promote green upgrading of enterprises. Encourage enterprises to innovate the supply of green products, provide residents with more choices such as low-carbon travel, energy and electricity saving, and green consumption, so as to reduce energy consumption and environmental pollution. Actively play the role of social supervision, pay attention to the pollution control, waste recycling and clean energy utilization of enterprises.

2. Highlight systematic thinking and continue to improve the ability of harmonious symbiosis

The battle to defend clear water should promote "harmony between man and water". It is necessary to strengthen the ecological protection and systematic governance of major rivers, and strengthen the basic guarantee role of water ecological governance in realizing the Chinese dream of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.

The battle to defend clear water should be guided by Xi Jinping Thought on Ecological Civilization as a scientific guide, coordinate the promotion of water resources, water environment and water ecological governance, further promote the ecological protection and governance of the Yangtze River, the Yellow River and other major rivers and important lakes, strengthen ideological guidance, overall promotion, precise policy implementation, and systematic governance, continue to improve the ability of harmonious symbiosis, continue to meet the people's growing needs for a beautiful ecological environment, and realize the coordination of ecological protection and people's livelihood security.

First, strengthen thought leadership. It is necessary to fully implement Xi Jinping Thought on Ecological Civilization, take ensuring the safety of drinking water in urban and rural areas as the bottom line, solidly promote the standardized construction of water sources and the construction of backup water sources, and improve the efficiency of ecological protection and system governance of major rivers. Adhere to comprehensive governance, systematic governance and source management, based on the integrity of the whole river basin and ecosystem, continue to promote the improvement of the ecological environment of major rivers, and explore new paths for high-level protection of the ecological environment and high-quality economic development. We will speed up the establishment of rules and regulations and promote the legislative process, implement the control of ecological and environmental zoning and access lists, establish a regulatory system for fixed pollution sources with the pollutant discharge permit system as the core, establish and improve the compensation mechanism for ecological protection, severely crack down on illegal fishing, effectively protect the ecological and fishery resources of the river basin, and lay the foundation for the quality and service functions of the ecosystem of the Yangtze River, the Yellow River and other major rivers.

The second is to strengthen overall planning. It is necessary to run systematic thinking through the whole process of ecological protection and high-quality development, adhere to the overall planning of water environment, water ecology and water resources, systematically plan the ecological protection of major rivers, strive to promote the protection and construction of beautiful rivers and lakes, and continue to improve the quality of the ecological environment and the stability of the ecosystem of rivers, lakes and seas. Make up for the shortcomings of urban sewage collection and treatment facilities, increase financial investment, form a long-term mechanism, and carry out special actions such as the remediation of inferior V. water bodies, the investigation and remediation of river outlets, and the remediation of "three phosphorus" enterprises (mines and reservoirs), so as to control endogenous pollution, completely eliminate black and odorous water bodies in urban and rural areas, and accelerate the restoration of water ecology. The four key tasks of "investigation, monitoring, traceability and remediation" of the Yellow River outfall will be carried out in an orderly manner, and major projects such as water conservation improvement, soil erosion control and wetland ecosystem restoration in the Yellow River Delta will be planned and implemented to maintain the health of the water ecosystem.

The third is to strengthen precise policies. It is necessary to highlight precise governance, scientific governance, and governance in accordance with the law, protect and restore water conservation areas and ecological buffer zones, establish a water ecological assessment mechanism, and increase accountability. Precise diagnosis and targeted treatment, follow the law and seek truth from facts, establish a research mechanism for the deep integration of scientific research and management decision-making, and the coordinated promotion of scientific research and governance engineering plans, and strive to solve the technical problems in the ecological protection and governance of major rivers. Continuously improve environmental legislation, strengthen environmental law enforcement, strengthen environmental justice, and use legal weapons to protect and govern the ecological environment of major rivers. Adhere to the systematic management of mountains, rivers, forests, fields, lakes, grasslands, sand and ice.

Fourth, strengthen system governance. It is necessary to start from the integrity of the ecosystem and the systematization of the river basin, grasp the ecological protection and management of major rivers involving water, roads, ports, shores, industry, cities and organisms, wetlands, environment and other aspects, adhere to the overall advancement, enhance the relevance and coupling of various measures, and prevent the disproportionate weight and lightness, individual advances, and neglect of one at the expense of the other. Adhere to key breakthroughs, and strive to achieve the overall and local coordination, the combination of root causes and symptoms, and the convergence of gradual and breakthroughs, so as to achieve the unity of overall progress and key breakthroughs, so that the Yangtze River, the Yellow River and other major rivers can be stable for a long time, and better benefit the people, benefit the people and serve the people, and realize the coordination of ecological protection and people's livelihood protection.

3. Highlight goal-oriented and continuously improve risk management and control capabilities

The battle to defend the pure land focuses on strengthening pollution risk control. Soil is the most important natural resource for human survival, and soil security is an important foundation for ensuring food security, human settlements and ecological environment security, as well as economic and social development. In the battle to defend the pure land, we should adhere to the principle of protection first, prevention first, risk management and control, and systematic governance, promote the synergy of pollution reduction and carbon reduction, highlight precise pollution control, scientific pollution control, and pollution control in accordance with the law, effectively solve a number of outstanding soil environmental problems, improve risk management and control capabilities, ensure the quality and safety of agricultural products and the safety of the living environment, and jointly build a new environment for harmonious coexistence between man and nature.

The first is to adhere to target management. It is necessary to consolidate the foundation of soil environmental management, highlight the target management of the "Soil Pollution Prevention and Control Action Plan", and by 2030, the national soil environmental quality will be stable and improving, the soil environmental safety of agricultural land and construction land will be effectively guaranteed, and soil environmental risks will be comprehensively controlled, and both the prevention of new pollution and the solution of long-term accumulation of serious pollution of soil and groundwater will be emphasized, and the prevention and control of soil pollution sources will be implemented. Strictly implement the standards for the risk management and control of soil pollution on agricultural land and construction land and the Soil Pollution Prevention and Control Law, and the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, and other departments are to issue special rules and technical guidelines to provide a basis for soil environmental management.

The second is to insist on network monitoring. It is necessary to improve the soil environmental monitoring network, strengthen the prevention and control of pollution sources, implement heavy metal emission reduction projects, pesticides and chemical fertilizers to zero growth actions, and effectively cut off pollutants from entering the front end of the farmland soil chain. Actively promote the classified management of agricultural land, and effectively control the production areas of agricultural products and the risks of agricultural products. Comprehensively implement a management system for access to construction land, establish a soil investigation and assessment system for construction land, publish a directory of soil pollution risk control and restoration for construction land, establish a national information system for polluted land, strengthen soil environmental management, and prevent human settlements risks. Improve the management and control system, including the standard system, monitoring network, and prediction and early warning, and effectively use big data to predict soil pollution.

The third is to adhere to risk management and control. It is necessary to establish a national soil environmental monitoring network, a soil environmental dynamic database and a soil environmental information platform, give full play to the role of risk management and control platforms, and make risk prediction and early warning in a timely manner. Implement classified management of soil safety to ensure the safety of production areas and agricultural products, give priority to the protection of clean or lightly polluted soil, use moderately polluted soil safely, and strictly control heavily polluted soil. Accurately identify polluted sites, clarify remediation technical specifications, efficiently remediate polluted sites, gradually develop from physical and chemical technology to green and sustainable remediation technology, supervise and restore land for a long time, and make sustainable use of land resources to achieve safe and efficient use of land.

Fourth, adhere to coordinated governance. It is necessary to adhere to the principle of protection first and prevention first, comprehensively implement coordinated governance such as multi-media coordination, multi-element coordination, multi-technology coordination, multi-departmental coordination, and system and technology coordination, implement multi-media pollution prevention and control of water, soil, and gas, rationally adjust the layout of land and space resources, and promote industrial transformation and upgrading to effectively prevent and control soil pollution. Carry out the assessment of natural resource assets, promote the integrated development of regional ecological green, and achieve high-quality development, high-level protection, high-quality life, and high-efficiency governance. Reduce the amount of chemical fertilizers and pesticides used in farmland soil, strictly control the dry and wet deposition of sewage irrigation soil, and prevent and control the pollution of farmland soil from the source. Pay attention to key industries, key industries, key regions and key pollutants, and take active response measures to effectively prevent and control site pollution.

Continuously improving the ability of ecological pollution prevention and control is not only a necessary contribution to the construction of a beautiful China, but also a necessary strategy to meet the people's beautiful pursuits, a necessary ability to build ecological civilization, and a necessary measure to respond to the concerns of the people.

(Qian Yong, Director of Development Planning Department, Beijing Civil Aircraft Technology Research Center, Commercial Aircraft Corporation of China; Wang Jiao, Director of Research and Planning Division, Strategic Management Department, China Energy Conservation and Environmental Protection Group Co., Ltd.)