Through the functions of delivery, warehousing, storage location allocation, inventory allocation, comprehensive batch management, material correspondence, inventory counting, quality inspection management and real-time inventory management, the management system is comprehensively used to effectively control and track the whole process of logistics and cost management of warehouse business, and realize perfect enterprise warehousing information management.

Standardized process of WMS warehouse management system

WMS belongs to the service end of the e-commerce background system, which is relatively independent, and it is also the application of the perfect combination of physical management and system. Through WMS, real-time synchronization of changes in warehousing goods ensures that materials are first-in, first-out, synchronized with the procurement system and point solitary scheduling system to update inventory, and manage the workflow of warehouse staff.

1. Data interaction between WMS and other systems

WMS and procurement system, mainly the purchase of warehousing orders and inter-warehouse allocation, related to the warehouse in and out of the warehouse (automatic/manual trigger);
WMS and order dispatch center, mainly invoices, return/exchange warehousing lists, related to the warehouse in and out of the warehouse;
WMS and financial system, mainly profit/loss orders, mainly to update the difference between the physical object and the book;
WMS and inventory center, after warehousing and inventory profit, timely update the movement of physical inventory (manual/automatic).

Second, WMS warehouse area division and storage area location management

Sorting area: The sorting area is similar to the shelves of a supermarket, storing goods for picking, and the sorter picks the goods to the picking truck on the corresponding storage location in the sorting area according to the invoice and system guidelines;
Review area: After the employee picks the goods, the goods will be pushed to the review area, and the reviewers will check whether the goods are picked correctly according to the delivery note;
Storage area: similar to the supermarket warehouse, store a large number of goods, when the sorting area is not enough, replenish from the storage area, the goods will generally be advanced after the storage area, when the business volume is less or the dynamic sales rate is higher, there is no storage area, directly to the sorting area;
Delivery temporary storage area: After the review, the area where the goods are packaged and stored, waiting to be handed over to the corresponding logistics company,
Receipt Temporary Storage Area: A temporary storage area that is stored when it is too late to put goods on the shelves after purchasing or returning them to the warehouse.
Storage equipment storage area: the area where logistics equipment such as picking trucks and forklifts are stored.

1. Reservoir area management

After the warehouse layout is designed, it needs to be entered into the system and coded according to the WMS system rules. Since the location coding rules are related to the picking path selection, the layout should be encoded according to the picking path rules of the WMS.

Reservoir management:

According to the coding rules of the system, the actual reservoir structure is entered into the system.

Define the reservoir:

Function: Sorting area, storage area, defective product area

Type: Flat area, three-dimensional area

Storage Categories: You can limit the storage categories

Reservoir area information: area, load-bearing and other information

2. Location management

The location code is related to the row, line, floor, and shelf number.
For example, the location code A02-03-06 can represent the location in row 6 of the third level of column 2 of reservoir area A.
After adding a new location, you can provide the printing function of the location barcode.
Follow the WMS picking path rules for the storage area and location coding.
When arranging the listing of goods, the system will specify the storage location for shelving according to the restrictions of the storage location in the storage area, and will also remind when the manual listing or transfer operation is wrong.

Third, the outbound process

1. Scheduling

Lock the inventory at the location and assign the tracking number:

WMS accepts the shipping order, starts to select the inventory for the goods in the order, and assigns the tracking number;
The principle of locking the inventory of the storage location: first-in, first-out, choose the storage location that is put on the shelves first;
When the inventory in the picking area is insufficient, the corresponding replenishment task will be generated;

To generate a pick wave:

Wave: In order to improve the efficiency of the operation, a batch of orders to be shipped out of the warehouse is summarized together according to a certain standard or rule for outbound operation, which is called "wave" operation;
Consolidate the orders that have locked the inventory of the bin location according to the "wave" rule to generate picking waves;
Rule example: Orders with high SKU coincidence rate and close bin locations;
Automatically generated or manually screened;

2. Place an order

Print out the logistics order and delivery note corresponding to the wave for picking, review, and handover delivery;
When placing an order, a wave of delivery and logistics orders will be printed out together, and the logistics orders will be set according to the express company;
The order can be placed in front or in the back, and the order can be placed before the review;

3. Picking

Picking tasks can be assigned or picked;
Scanning the invoice with PDA can identify the picking wave and receive the wave task;
Picking trolley: The trolley used for picking goods is divided into different locations, and the system allocates different locations to correspond to different orders. For example, if there are four orders A, B, C, and D in a wave, a picking truck with four locations (A, B, C, D) is bound.
The number of orders contained in a picking wave cannot be greater than the number of picks on the picking cart;
Sorting, which means that there is picking and parting, the orders of the same wave will be combined and picked, and the picker will be separated before putting it in the cargo position of the picking truck;
According to the guidance of the PDA, the picker picks the goods from the inventory according to the picking order and quantity, and sorts them to different locations of the picking truck;

Caution:

1. Shortest picking path;

2. The picking sequence is displayed on the PDA, and the picking of one bin location will automatically jump to the next bin location;

4. Review

Review: check the orders completed by picking to ensure the unity of the invoice, physical goods and logistics orders;
Scan the barcode of the warehouse tracking number on the delivery note, locate the corresponding order, and then scan the barcode of the product to ensure that the goods and quantities are correct;
Finally, when the logistics bill is scanned and the invoice, physical goods, and logistics order are completely consistent, the review is deemed to be completed;

5. Packaging

After the review, the order is packed and weighed;
The system can weigh the packaged packages and even take photos for archiving;
It can check whether there is a wrong hair or missing hair according to the weight, volume parameters, etc. There is also a relevant basis for reconciliation with logistics companies;

6. Handover and delivery

After packing, according to the courier company corresponding to the logistics order, push it to the handover area of the corresponding company;
The handover clerk scans the corresponding logistics order to complete the handover and deliver the goods;

Fourth, the warehousing process

1. Arrival confirmation

After the warehousing order is pushed to the warehouse, the warehousing task is generated in WMS.
After the relevant goods arrive at the warehouse, select the corresponding warehousing task to confirm and generate the corresponding inspection task;
The step of "confirm arrival" can ensure the purity of the inspection task pool;
Multiple arrivals are allowed for the same inbound task. For example, 3,000 pieces of goods A are purchased, 1,000 pieces are arrived at one time, and all the goods are delivered in three times;

2. Inspection and coding

Barcode: all re-labeling OR part of the code (there is a barcode to do mapping, there is no re-labeling);
After the arrival is confirmed, the inspection task is generated, and the inspector uses PDA to inspect the goods;
Confirm the number of qualified and defective products; the purchase order only confirms the receipt of qualified products, and the unqualified products are returned to the supplier;
If part of the goods arrives, the warehousing task returns to the "Confirm Receipt" task pool;
The return form will enter the qualified and defective products into the system, and the defective products will be put on the shelves to the defective goods storage area;
When the inspection is completed, the corresponding number of commodity barcodes is printed through the WMS system, and the warehouse staff will paste the code;

3. Listing of the product

Shelf type: warehousing and shelf, replenishment and shelf, transfer and return to the shelf;

The principle of shelf location allocation: whether different suppliers, different batches, and different SKUs are allowed to be put on the same shelf location;

Priority is given to existing storage locations or nearby, and limited categories of storage locations in different storage areas;

Listing: Generate the corresponding listing task on the PDA, and the employee will put the goods on the shelves to the corresponding storage location according to the PDA;

First scan the location code, then the commodity barcode, and finally confirm the quantity;

Update the inventory information of the location after it is put on the shelf;

Replenishment and shelf: from the storage area to the sorting area, when the invoice is out of stock and the inventory in the bin location reaches the warning line, the task is generated, and the replenishment quantity rules are confirmed separately;
Warehouse transfer and shelves: system employees take the initiative to move inventory in different regions and different storage locations, and move a commodity from one storage location to another;
Return to the shelf: will give priority to returning to the original storage location;5.5

Fifth, inventory

Inventory: refers to the regular or temporary inventory of the actual quantity of inventory goods, inventory operations, the actual quantity of existing goods in the warehouse and the number recorded in the custody account, in order to accurately grasp the inventory quantity;

Select the corresponding storage location and commodities according to business needs to create an inventory task, and the inventory clerk takes the PDA to the storage location according to the inventory task to conduct inventory and enter the inventory

point data;
When all the tasks in the inventory list are completed, determine whether there is a profit or loss.
If there is no profit or loss, the inventory order will be closed directly. If there is a profit or loss, submit it to the supervisor for review, and if the supervisor fails to pass the review, the inventory list will be regenerated for the inventory of inconsistent storage location commodities and reviewed.

After the financial review is passed, the profit and loss orders are generated to update the warehouse inventory.

1. Inventory process

The type of inventory is divided into three types: moving disk, drawing disk, and full disk, and now the inventory is basically carried out under the condition that the warehouse does not stop production, that is, the inventory is carried out while picking.

Real-time inventory is directly taken through PDA for inventory.

Moving order: Select all the locations that have changed from the last inventory to the current inventory after the last inventory of the bin location to generate a counting order.

Draw: select a certain condition (storage area, location, commodity barcode) of the location of the commodity to generate an inventory list, draw is a commonly used inventory method, in addition to the ABC classification principle, there is also a financial draw.

Comprehensive: Select the entire warehouse to generate an inventory list, the overall workload is large, the frequency is low, and it is generally carried out in a quarterly or annual cycle.

Different personnel are responsible for different areas and receive different inventory tasks, and the system combines them for analysis.

6. Statistical inquiry

The statistical query module of WMS system is mainly about the statistics of warehouse turnover, inventory, workload, etc., and provides inventory early warning function.

Outbound details (recording outbound warehouse orders);
Warehousing details (recording warehousing orders and details).
Inventory change details (record the change details of commodities as dimensions, including inbound and outbound inventory, changed quantity, and real-time inventory);
Total inventory inquiry (physical inventory, available inventory, locked inventory, etc.);
Location inventory inquiry (goods, locations, inventory, physical inventory, available inventory, locked inventory, etc.);
Employee performance statistics (statistics of employees' picking, review, packing, handover, inventory, inspection, shelving and other workload);
Set safety stock, rotate inventory, and generate replenishment tasks or inventory alerts when the stock in the picking area is insufficient.

As the basic warehouse management system, the WMS system integrates many functions such as warehousing management, outbound management, material correspondence, inventory, statistics, etc., aiming to effectively control and track warehousing and logistics;

Different industries and different business regulations have different requirements for the complexity and professionalism of WMS;

WMS may be the only system that requires a combination of hardware and software, and needs to be combined with a variety of hardware (PDA, printers, AGVs, conveyor belts, balers, etc.) to convey information in a variety of ways such as text, images, voice, signal lights, etc.

This article was originally published by @逸轩 on Everyone is a Product Manager. Reproduction without permission is prohibited

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The views in this article only represent the author's own, everyone is a product manager, and the platform only provides information storage space services.

Standardized process of WMS warehouse management system