This is the tenth reading note of "Witnessing the Adverse Tide".
Geographical, historical, technological:
The advantages of the international division of labor and distribution depend on several points: first, the imbalance of resources, and second, the imbalance of the factors of production and the different stages of development. The reason why the author disagrees with the latter view is still due to the system, that is, the difference in price control in the production relationship, and even depends on the different quantities of precious metals in each country.
Taking ancient Chinese history as an example, we do not know how to develop the capitalist economy and the benefits of international trade? Obviously, no, in history, in the way of "Shinong, industry and commerce", the existence of merchants requires a passionate pursuit of profits, which in turn will require the empire to liberalize prices, open the price ceiling, or lower the prices of natural resources such as land and real estate, so that the rich merchants will have enough room for profit. However, considering the general lack of gold and silver in the empire, it is impossible to open the price ceiling, and the price factors of various commodities in ancient times can only hover in a certain trading range.
For countries such as the United Kingdom, one of the purposes of the Great Voyage is to obtain enough gold and silver resources to integrate into the commodity trading market, which will trigger the vigorous development of trading.
Transactions can only be successful if one party has commodities and one party has currency.
Returning to the perspective of commodities, it is extremely important for the UK to stimulate the enthusiasm of domestic production through the opening of overseas markets, and to superimpose the massive inflow of gold and silver from overseas, and to improve the efficiency of the unit time. By suppressing the land element, removing the feudal personal dependency, and a large number of orders, Britain promoted the birth of science and technology, and the emergence of new energy, laying a solid foundation for Britain in the first industrial revolution.
You can think of it as an advantage accumulated in history, as a factor of production, and in the future, but you can't see it as a resource advantage. At the same time, we can also keenly observe that the so-called business is to grasp the uniqueness of human nature. Of course, in modern business, hypnosis, brainwashing, psychology, and fatigue marketing have replaced the original business thinking, and overdrafts with the help of credit and other means to achieve the necessity of the current prosperity.
The geographical characteristics of the United Kingdom do not lie in its maritime state, the fundamental reason is still in the United Kingdom, which is too small to accommodate a large number of market orders, and can only turn to the international direction. This is different from ancient China, in a commercial environment where there is no sufficient currency for trading, there is no fluctuation in the institutional limits of land and population factors, not to mention that the huge population and land are sufficient to meet the needs of ordinary commerce, and the capitalist mode of production is of course unnecessary.
The distribution of the division of labor after World War II: the division of labor under the dominance of the dollar
In classical economic theory, Adam Smith's liberal economistism and France's continental policy (mercantilism) have become the two lines of capitalist development. The inferior side will naturally hold high the banner of tariffs, defending on the one hand and attacking on the other.
After World War II, when only the United States had the ability to aid and build, everyone could only accept US aid and other additional conditions at the same time.
More importantly, the United States will deliberately and at a pace choose the place where globalization originated, in order to maintain its own industrial advantages, and after the rise of Germany and Japan, it will go all out to restrict and suppress, develop new hotspots of globalization, and degenerate into a pure consumer country. Especially since the 90s, with the collapse of the Soviet Union, the sudden reduction of external threats has made the United States continue to let itself go on this road.
U.S. current account trends
U.S. capital account trends
The chicken thief is that in the 80s, the United States signed an agreement with Saudi Arabia to tie the dollar to oil, at the cost of subduing a country, to subdue the way of global oil producers, in addition to the credit enhancement of the dollar, deliberately linked, but also so that Saudi Arabia can enjoy the benefits of the strong dollar and interest rate hikes, in turn strengthen the historical position of the resource country, there is no need to work hard to develop industry, develop national defense, the United States will provide you with everything. You must know that most of the oil-producing countries are either in the Middle East or South America, and these are among the key targets of the United States in the field of globalization. Now why do anything other than sell oil to get the benefits of dollars?
In the same way, the outbreak of Dutch disease, and Russia's blockade dilemma, the threat of NATO's eastward expansion, Russia's wealth can only fluctuate with the rise and fall of the dollar.
Therefore, what we can see is that the US dollar has played a leading role in the global division of labor, on the one hand, by choosing the starting point of globalization, as the origin of new industrialization, and on the other hand, through the deep binding with the US dollar, we will do our best to maintain the credit of the US dollar while ensuring that energy countries will not move towards the possibility of industrial countries. In order to ensure that the model dominated by the strategic international division of labor between the consumer-industrial-energy countries can be sustained, and finally the economic plundering and economic aggression of the industrial and energy countries can be realized through the pricing of asset prices and energy prices.
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