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The topic of this issue is from @铭 in Design Get Community Questions:
Solution, the concept of fire front room and smoke front room is blurred, can anyone help distinguish it?
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@东晓:
I believe that most interior designers are a little vague about the front room, and my understanding is this:
1. The concept of the front room is closely related to fire and smoke exhaust, and it is also a strong regulation that appears in the "Technical Standards for Building Smoke Prevention and Exhaust System".
2. The front room is set up in the smoke-proof stairwell and the fire elevator, and the purpose of the front room is a small room for personnel passage and evacuation or a small room at the entrance of the smoke-proof stairwell to prevent fire smoke from entering the smoke-proof stairwell
3. The fire front room generally refers to the front room of the fire elevator, which appears with the fire elevator. The function of the front room of the fire elevator is to prevent the fire smoke from causing injury to the firefighters who enter the fire floor through the fire elevator to extinguish the fire and search and rescue.
PS: Fire elevator: Elevator set in the fire-resistant closed structure of the building, with a front room and backup power supply, used by ordinary passengers under normal circumstances, and its additional protection, control and signal functions can be exclusively used by firefighters in the event of a fire in the building.
4. Smoke-proof front room refers to the front room of smoke-proof stairwell. The antechamber of a smoke-proof stairwell is used to prevent fire smoke from entering the stairwell.
PS: Smoke-proof stairwell: It is a stairwell that is equipped with smoke-proof front rooms, open balconies or alcoves (collectively referred to as front rooms, etc.) at the entrance of the stairwell, and the doors leading to the front room and stairwell are fire doors to prevent the smoke and heat of the fire from entering. It is a safe passage for personnel to evacuate vertically, and it is also the main path for firefighters to enter the building for fire fighting and rescue.
5. In the design of high-rise buildings, the fire elevator and the smoke-proof stairwell are together, and the stairwell is generally behind the elevator, so there are both, usually called the shared front room.
△The front room in the picture above is the smoke-proof front room (smoke-proof stairwell front room)
6. The high-rise buildings after 2000 that can be accessed now, in most cases, are shared with the front room. Small high-rise and multi-storey floors have a higher probability of coming into contact with smoke-proof front rooms.
Chen Cheng
The conceptual difference between a shared anteroom and a shared antechamber:
1. After understanding the concept of shared front rooms, some people will ask, what is the difference between shared front rooms and shared front rooms?
It was time to look at the specification before, and it also bothered Dongxiao for a long time, but the diagram will understand:
In a nutshell:
Shared front room = smoke-proof stairwell front room + fire elevator front room
Shared Frontroom = Residential Building + Scissors Stairwell Frontroom ×2
PS: In the "Technical Standard for Building Smoke Prevention and Exhaust System", the definition of the two is clarified for the first time.
2.1.21 Shared Front Room: The front room when the front room of a smoke-proof stairwell is shared with the front room of a fire elevator. Note that only smoke-proof stairwells and fire elevators need to have a frontroom.
2.1.20 Shared Frontrooms: The Frontrooms when two stairwells of a Scissors Stairwell (Residential Building) share the same Frontroom. In the Code for Fire Protection Design of Buildings, because it is clear that the scissor stairwells of public buildings should not share the front room, the general shared front room refers to the residential building.
And then if this is when this front room is both a shared front room and a shared front room, it is called a three-in-one front room.
Chen Cheng
Specification of the area of the anterior chamber is shared
The "Code for Fire Protection Design of Buildings" on the area of the front room is quite fine, just excerpt a few, you feel:
5.5.28 Scissor stairwells may be used in evacuation staircases of residential units when it is difficult to disperse them and the distance from any door to the entrance of the nearest evacuation stairwell is not more than 10m, provided that the following requirements are met:
1 Smoke-proof stairwells should be used.
2. A fireproof partition wall with a fire resistance limit of not less than 1.00h should be set between the stairs.
3. The front room of the stairwell should not be shared, and the usable area of the front room should not be less than 6.0m².
4. The front room of the stairwell or the shared front room should not be shared with the front room of the fire elevator, and when the common front room of the stairwell is shared with the front room of the fire elevator, the usable area of the shared front room should not be less than 12.0m², and the short side should not be less than 2.4m.
3.2.2 When the front room adopts natural ventilation, the area of the open external windows or openings in the independent front room and the front room of the fire elevator shall not be less than 2.0 m2, and the area of the shared front room and the shared front room shall not be less than 3.0 m2.
The text is still very winding, so it's still the old idea, Dongxiao made a form and illustrated it
△ Comparison of the area of the front room (it is the data that must be known for the space transformation of the public space)
I don't know if I have a clearer understanding of this concept after reading it like this.
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