Many poets in ancient times on the mainland wrote clothes making poems. When people read these poems, they often wonder why the ancients were pounding clothes at night, what they were pounding, how they were pounding, and so on. In the 80s, the issue was first discussed in the academic community, and everyone agreed that pounding clothes is not laundry, that is, soaking clothes on stones and beating them with wooden sticks. However, some people say that pounding clothes is "pounding silk and sewing winter clothes", some people say that pounding clothes is "pounding and washing clothes", some people say that pounding clothes is "degumming treatment", etc., in the end there is no conclusion, and it is still an unsolved case. Later, some people thought that "pounding clothes is actually pounding soft linen cloth to make winter clothes". However, a large number of clothes pounding poems clearly write that the pounding is silk, practice, silk, plain and other silk fabrics, so this statement is still debatable.
Pounding clothes, the five ministers of the "Anthology" commented: "Women pound silk and tailor clothes, and they will send it far away." "Yuefu Poetry Collection" notes: "Yiyan pounds plain tailoring, and seals it and sends it far away." It can be seen that pounding clothes is pounding silk or pounding vegetarian, which is a process before cutting winter clothes. So, why should silk be pounded before making clothes? Silk is a general term for silk fabrics. The main components of silk are silk fibroin and sericin. Silk fibroin is a nearly transparent fiber, that is, the main body of cocoon silk, and sericin is a viscous substance wrapped around the surface of silk fibroin. Silk fibroin is insoluble in water, and sericin is easily soluble in water. A part of the sericin can be removed during silk reeling, but a part will still adhere to the silk fibroin, which makes the raw silk or grey silk appear rough and stiff, and further silk silk needs to be softened. That is to say, the raw silk should be soaked in lukewarm water, and the silk should be soaked in neem ash, and the water temperature and alkali in the neem ash should be used to accelerate chemical treatment to further dissolve the sericin on the silk and silk. After soaking the silk silk, it needs to be repeatedly pounded with a wooden pole, one is to make the sericin on the silk easy to precipitate with the slurry water, and the other is similar to the "warp" (also known as "other mercerization") in the modern silk making process, which can make the raw silk and grey silk more white, soft and shiny. Silk and silk should be washed after pounding, so the pounding of clothes is generally carried out in the riverside and courtyard. Some of the silk fabrics used in the garment are dyed. During the Shang and Zhou dynasties in mainland China, there was already a high level of dyeing technology. Due to the chemical action of the acid in the dye and the exposure, the dried silk fabric becomes rough and wrinkled, so it must be pounded before cutting and sewing to make it soft and flat. That's why the silk is pounded before making clothes.
Yang Shen, a scholar of the Ming Dynasty, once said in his "Dan Lead Record": "Zilin": 'Straight to the day. 'The ancients pounded clothes, two women were opposed, and a pestle was held like a pestle. ...... I saw the people of the Six Dynasties painting "Pounding Clothes", and its system is like this. From this, it can be seen that in ancient times, pounding clothes was a kind of labor cooperated by two women. In ancient times in the mainland, women worked day and night to take care of housework, and there was little leisure during the day, and most of the spinning and sewing were at night. "Hanshu Food and Goods Journal" cloud: "In the spring, the people are in the wilderness, and in the winter, they are in the city." ...... When the people entered, the women went from night to night in the same alleys, and the women laborers were given forty-five days in a month. Those who must follow, so save money and fire, and it is clumsy and in line with customs. They worked together every night, not only for fifteen more days, but also for the cost of the fire. It is also an ancient folklore.
(Excerpt from "Knowledge of Literature and History", abridged)
4. One of the following statements that is closest to the author's point of view is ( )
A. Washing clothes is the method of washing clothes in ancient times. B. Pounding clothes is to pound and wash clothes.
C. Pounding clothes is to degum the silk. D. Pounding clothes is pounding soft linen cloth to make winter clothes.
5. In the last paragraph of this article, a passage from the Hanshu Food and Goods Chronicle is quoted, and the correct understanding of the role of this quotation is ( )
A. It proves that pounding clothes is a kind of folk custom in ancient mainland China.
B. Prove that pounding laundry is a form of labor in which two women cooperate.
C. Prove that pounding clothes is a kind of labor similar to pounding rice.
D. Prove why the pounding was done at night.
6. Based on the information given in this article, one of the following is incorrectly understood ( )
A. In ancient times, women pounded clothes at night because it required the cooperation of two people.
B. Silk silk pounding after the clean, so the place to pound clothes is mostly in the riverside courtyard
C. Pounding clothes is not only related to the degumming of silk after soaking, but also related to pounding and softening after dyeing.
D. The method of pounding clothes is to put the silk silk on the anvil and beat it repeatedly with a wooden pestle.
4.C (the second paragraph of the article is degummed)
5.d(引文前一句是观点)[来源:z. Aks. k.com]
6.A (because there is little leisure during the day)