In recent years, there has been a very popular topic called celebrities. In this article, I will borrow Li Qingzhao, the first talented woman in the ages, to talk about what a real celebrity is.
Ancient times are different from today, today's celebrities may be able to start from scratch, but ancient celebrities must have a good family background. For example, Xie Daoyun of the Eastern Jin Dynasty is a famous celebrity, and behind her is the even more famous Wang Xie family. For another example, the protagonist of this article, Li Qingzhao, her father Li Gefei is a student of Su Shi and a member of the official and etiquette department. Growing up in such a family, Li Qingzhao read poetry and books since he was a child, and became famous very early. His father's senior brother and Su Shi's eldest disciple Chao Buzhi once mentioned her many times in the literati circle at that time, saying that she was good at poetry and literature, talented and talented, close to her predecessors, and rare in modern times. There were not a few famous women in ancient China, but most of them were known as good wives and mothers after adulthood. I am afraid that there are only two people who can become famous when they are unmarried girls, one is Xie Daoyun, and the other is Li Qingzhao. Xie Daoyun's fame relied on an elegant comment: "What does the snow look like? How did Li Qingzhao's talent manifest itself? She left behind a lot more poems than Xie Daoyun. For example, we learned in our middle school textbook "Like a Dream Order: Chang Ji Xi Ting Sunset": "Chang Ji Xi Ting Sunset, drunk and don't know the way back." Returning to the boat at night, he strayed into the depths of the lotus flower. Fighting for the crossing, startling a shoal of gulls and herons. "I often remember that time, when I drank in the lakeside pavilion until dusk, when it was dark and people were drunk, and I couldn't find my way home. We returned with joy, rowing a small boat and swaying, and actually rowed into the depths of the lotus. In order to drill out of the lotus swing, we paddled desperately, and a flock of gulls and herons flew on the river beach. How is this bold and lively girl, like Shi Xiangyun in "Dream of Red Mansions"? Shi Xiangyun was drunk, but he just muttered a wine order in his mouth and slept soundly on peony medicine, but Li Qingzhao was able to hold up a penny and row the boat into the depths of the lotus flower. Jiafu August 15 Mid-Autumn Festival, Lin Daiyu and Shi Xiangyun two poems in the Cave Jingxi Pavilion, just a crane flew over the water, Lin Daiyu was timid, said: "Dare to be a ghost?" Shi Xiangyun was bold and said: "I'm not afraid of ghosts, wait for me to hit him." She hit like this, the white crane flew away, and also led to two poems that revealed the fate of the two young ladies: one is "The Shadow of the Crane in the Cold Pond", alluding to Shi Xiangyun's future encounters, and the other is "The cold moon buries the soul of the flower", alluding to Lin Daiyu's early death. It's a really interesting way to write. And what about Li Qingzhao? She also alarmed a shoal of gulls and herons, and also triggered a small order, which was much more cheerful than the poems of the two young ladies in Jiafu. "Fighting for the crossing, startling a shoal of gulls and herons", the girl who can write such a work is not a weak willow like Lin Daiyu, but like a lively, lively and cheerful Shi Xiangyun, who is a heroic and generous lady.
Such a beautiful girl touched a young man, and this young man's name was Zhao Mingcheng. Zhao Mingcheng is the son of Zhao Tingzhi, the right servant of Shangshu, who was still studying in Taixue at that time, which is equivalent to a college student now. He had read Li Qingzhao's poems a long time ago and admired this talented woman. However, in ancient times, it was important to pay attention to "men and women do not kiss", and no matter how much he admired, he would not have the opportunity to see it. According to the record of a notebook novel "The Legend of Lang Huan" in the Yuan Dynasty, at this time, Zhao Mingcheng heard that his father Zhao Tingzhi was going to kiss him. Zhao Mingcheng told his father that he dreamed of a book, and there were three sentences written on it: "Words and Si are together, the installation has been taken off, and the Zhifu grass is pulled." He didn't understand what he meant, so he came to consult his father. What do these three sentences mean? It's actually an anagram. "Words and divisions", type a "word" word. "Ann has taken off", type a "female" word. What about "Zhifu grass pulling"? It refers to removing the cursive prefix of the words "zhi" and "fu", isn't that the "husband"? Therefore, when the three sentences are taken together, it is "the husband of the woman." At that time, who was worthy of the reputation of "word girl"? Of course, it was Li Qingzhao. When Zhao Tingzhi saw his son's anagram, he smiled slightly, and thought to himself: It turns out that the stinky boy has taken a fancy to the girl of Li Gefei's family, and he actually plays this kind of trick with me! Zhao and Li are both from Shandong, and they are the right people, so why not do it? Therefore, Zhao Tingzhi proposed to Li Gefei according to his son's wishes, and from then on, there was the most beautiful couple in the history of Chinese literature -- Li Qingzhao and Zhao Mingcheng. This little story naturally can't be taken seriously, but it still tells us that the Zhao and Li families were originally a good match and have great origins. This is the first question I want to say, ancient celebrities must have a good family background, just like Li Qingzhao, although she is not from a high-ranking family like Xie Daoyun, but she is the daughter of a scholar, the daughter-in-law of a scholar, or the wife of a scholar, which is the basic condition of a celebrity in that era.
So, is it possible to be called a celebrity as long as you have a good background? A celebrity also has to have an indispensable condition of herself, called having elegant taste, or according to the current saying, having elegant spiritual pursuit. Li Qingzhao has two major tastes, one is his own talent, that is, he writes poems and lyrics, and the other is slowly cultivated after marrying Zhao Mingcheng, called Jin Shixue.
Let's start with writing poems and lyrics. Everyone knows that in "Dream of Red Mansions", those poetic ladies like rain and snow the most, and such weather changes will make them more poetic. The same is true for Li Qingzhao. For example, we are all familiar with the song "Like a Dream Order: Last Night's Rain and Storm": "Last night's rain was sparse and stormy, and heavy sleep did not kill the wine." I tried the curtain people, but the begonias were still the same. Know it or not, it should be green, fat, red and thin. Who is the "roller shutter man"? Some people say it's a maid, while others say it's the honest Zhao Mingcheng. Last night, the rain was sparse and the wind was blowing hard. A night's heavy sleep could not offset the good wine drunk in the evening. Lazily asked the curtain man, are the begonias in the yard okay? Fool, do you know that after such a night of wind and rain, the green leaves must be fatter and the safflower thinner. The female lyricist's mind is indeed sharper than that of the shutter man, right? The phrase "green, fat, red and thin" expresses how much she cherishes and pities the spring! This is just rain. If it snows, Li Qingzhao is even more interested. She will go to the far suburbs to walk in the snow to find plums, of course, every time she has to be accompanied by Zhao Mingcheng. In this way, Zhao Mingcheng has worked hard, while helping his wife to enjoy the snow, he also has to think about how to write homework at night. How could there be homework? According to the records of the notebook novel, Li Qingzhao had to write poems every time he finished enjoying the snow, and he also asked Zhao Mingcheng to sing harmony. However, Zhao Mingcheng is not very good at this, so it is inevitable that he will have a sad face and no interest. Isn't this the same as letting primary school students write about spring outings now!
Let's look at the study of gold and stone. The so-called "gold" mainly refers to bronzes and their inscriptions, while "stone" refers to stone carvings, especially stone inscriptions. This is a discipline developed in the Northern Song Dynasty, and it is actually a predecessor of archaeology. Zhao Mingcheng is a master of the Northern Song Dynasty Jinshi Studies, and since he was very young, he has been collecting Zhongding Yi utensils, ancient monuments and ancient extensions everywhere, even if he has spent all his family wealth for this. However, if he is a bachelor who feeds the whole family and is not hungry, since he is married to Li Qingzhao, it is inevitable that he will have to think more about real life. So, can this hobby be maintained? In fact, Zhao Mingcheng's hobby has not only been maintained, but has also been further enhanced. Because Li Qingzhao was exposed to his ears and eyes, he also had a strong interest in Jinshi Studies, and the husband and wife sang with their husbands, and the collection had a different kind of sweetness.
Soon after Li Qingzhao and Zhao Mingcheng got married, their parents were involved in party disputes, and Zhao Mingcheng couldn't stay in the officialdom, so he simply went to his hometown in Qingzhou with Li Qingzhao. Ordinary people would definitely be depressed when they were frustrated like this, right? However, Li Qingzhao did not feel frustrated at all, on the contrary, he was as comfortable as a bird returning home. She gave her library a name called "Return Hall", using the allusion of Tao Yuanming's "Return to Come". He also gave himself an alias called "Yi'an Jushi", which also used the sentence in Tao Yuanming's "Words for Returning": "Leaning on the south window to be proud, judging the knees of Yi'an." Li Qingzhao and Zhao Mingcheng devoted themselves wholeheartedly to the collection, cataloguing, and sorting of gold and stones. At this time, Li Qingzhao doesn't have any fragrant cars, BMWs, and high-rise mansions, as long as she has books, paintings, and a partner who loves books and paintings like her, it's enough, such a spiritual nobleman, isn't she a real celebrity!
So, is it enough to be a celebrity with a good background and taste? A real celebrity must be proud enough. This kind of pride is not that you write better words than others and memorize more books than others, but a kind of personality pride, that is, you can hold your head high in any situation. How did Li Qingzhao's pride manifest itself? There is poetry as proof. This poem is called "Summer Quatrain", and the poem says: "Life is a hero, and death is also a ghost." So far, I think of Xiang Yu and refuse to cross Jiangdong. ”
This poem has an important background, called "Jingkang's Change". After the founding of the Northern Song Dynasty, it had been fighting with ethnic minorities, and it had been fighting with the Liao Dynasty and the Western Xia, but by the end of the Northern Song Dynasty, a new minority regime had risen in the northeast north of the Liao Dynasty, called the Jin Dynasty. The monarchs and ministers of the Northern Song Dynasty were all confused, and they also wanted to make friends from afar and attack closely, colluding with the Jin Dynasty to fight the old rival Liao Dynasty, but they did not expect the Jin Dynasty to be too strong, and after defeating the Liao Dynasty, they did not carve up the land of the Liao Dynasty with the Northern Song Dynasty, but went south, broke through the capital of the Northern Song Dynasty Bianliang in one fell swoop, captured Song Huizong, Song Qinzong's father and son, and escorted hundreds of thousands of people such as harems, clans, ministers, and ordinary people to the north. This incident occurred during the reign of Emperor Jingkang of the Song Dynasty, so it is called the "Jingkang Change" in history. In Yue Fei's "Man Jianghong", "Jing Kang is ashamed, and it is still snowing." The courtiers hate, when will they be destroyed" is talking about this matter. However, although Emperor Hui and Emperor Qin were captured during the Jingkang Revolution, the Jin Dynasty did not completely destroy the Song Dynasty. Song Huizong had a son named Zhao Gou, who was not in Bianliang, Tokyo at the time, so he escaped. After the two emperors of Hui and Qin were captured, Zhao Gou fled all the way to Jiangnan and rebuilt the Song Dynasty, known in history as the Southern Song Dynasty. And the land of the Central Plains was also given to the people of the Jin Dynasty. Of course, this makes the sons and daughters of the Central Plains like Li Qingzhao extremely indignant. This is not counting, in this context, Li Qingzhao experienced another family scandal.
Zhao Mingcheng also went to the south and served as the prefect of Jiangning. In this position, his huge shortcomings are exposed. What are the shortcomings? Although Zhao Mingcheng is elegant, he is also cowardly. One night, when the military attache stationed in Jiangning launched a rebellion, Zhao Mingcheng not only failed to fulfill his duties and command the suppression of the rebellion, but instead fell off the city wall with a rope overnight and fled! This kind of behavior of escaping from the battle did not look like a manly man at all, and this caused his image in Li Qingzhao's heart to collapse at once. At this time, the two of them no longer had a tacit understanding of gambling books and pouring tea, they were relatively speechless, and retreated all the way. Walking to Wujiang, that is, the place where Xiang Yu's soldiers were defeated and killed himself, Li Qingzhao's national hatred and family hatred suddenly surged into his heart, and what blurted out was these four lines of poetry: "Life is a hero, death is also a ghost." So far, I think of Xiang Yu and refuse to cross Jiangdong. "When you are alive, you naturally want to be a hero among people, and even if you die, you have to be a hero among ghosts. So until now, people still miss Xiang Yu, and miss him who would rather die than cross the Yangtze River, and live a stealing life.
Was Xiang Yu a hero when he was alive? Of course he was. Back then, he broke the cauldron and smashed the Qin army, isn't this "life as a masterpiece"? However, what Li Qingzhao admired even more was not Xiang Yu's life, but Xiang Yu's death.
In the face of the rolling Wujiang River, Xiang Yu is not without a way to retreat, the pavilion chief of the Wujiang Pavilion has already prepared the boat, and he can go. However, Xiang Yu would rather die than leave. He brought out 8,000 Jiangdong disciples, so how can he go back alone now! The so-called refusal means "not doing anything, not being able to." There is not only the courage to kill but not be humiliated, but also the conscience that refuses to live secretly, such a person, even if he is a ghost, is still a hero!
Xiang Yu "refused to cross the Jiangdong," but the emperors of the Song Dynasty and her husbands all rushed to flee for their lives and cross the river; such a contrast between the ancient and the modern could not make Li Qingzhao feel sad and indignant! This sense of grief and indignation is the weight of this poem and the pride of Li Qingzhao.
Today, we all regard Li Qingzhao as a generation of grandmasters of the Wanyue faction, but Li Qingzhao's spirit is hard. This hardness surpassed Zhao Mingcheng, surpassed Zhao Gou, and surpassed all living beings in that era. She reminded us of two other socialites at once. Who? One is, of course, Xie Daoyun, who was so heroic in the face of Sun En's rebellion when she actually stabbed the enemy soldiers! The other was Lin Huiyin in the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression. After the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression ended, Lin Huiyin's 14-year-old son Liang Congjie asked her: When you were in Lizhuang, what would you do if the enemy came to Sichuan? Lin Huiyin said: "There is always a way back for Chinese scholars, and isn't the Yangtze River at our doorstep?" What kind of calmness is this? Only women with such a straight backbone are called celebrities.
Li Qingzhao has a famous song called "Partridge Sky Osmanthus Flower". Word cloud: "Dull and light yellow body is soft, and the love is far away, only fragrant." Why should it be light blue and dark red, it is the first class among flowers. This is not only Li Qingzhao's self-expectation, but also the true demeanor of ancient celebrities. Judging from such standards, today's celebrities still have to work hard, and today's cultural construction also needs to work hard.