Author: Wu Zhi Dongxu
Statement: Bing said that the original was first published, and the whole network has been opened to protect rights, and plagiarism and manuscript handling must be investigated
In January 1949, when the defenders of Tianjin refused to surrender, Lin Biao was furious and ordered a general attack.
As a result, it took less than 30 hours for the battle to end, 130,000 defenders were annihilated, and 29 general-level officers, including Chen Changjie, lieutenant general commander of the Tianjin Garrison Command of the Chiang Army, became prisoners.
[Tianjin Campaign, the Type 95 light tank that entered the city with the soldiers]
After the liberation of Tianjin, it was no longer a matter of time before Beiping returned to the people.
In this regard, Fu Zuoyi also has a clear understanding and feels that it is difficult to support himself and he is isolated.
But at this time, he was not willing to fail completely.
Fu Zuoyi was worried, and when he was at the headquarters, he tried to be as calm as possible, and when he returned home, he was depressed and sighed.
All this was seen by Fu Zuoyi's daughter Fu Dongju, and she quietly reported to the Beiping underground organization.
Fu Dongju, the daughter of Fu Zuoyi, a member of Jiang Jun, had already joined the underground organization when she was studying at Nankai Middle School in Chongqing eight years ago.
[Fu Zuoyi's daughter Fu Dongju]
Nie Rongzhen, commander of the North China Military Region, keenly noticed this information and came up with the idea of peacefully liberating Beiping.
He first found Luo Ronghuan and explained his thoughts to him.
"Beiping is an ancient capital, there are many cultural relics, there are nearly 2 million people in Beiping, if you fight hard, it will definitely hurt innocent people, so a peaceful solution is the best policy. Nie Rongzhen said.
"Yes, Beiping may be the capital of New China in the future, and the destruction of historic sites is an irreparable loss, I agree with you. Luo Ronghuan nodded in agreement and said, "I just don't know what Lin Biao thinks." ”
Speaking of which, it is necessary to explain that before the start of the Pingjin Campaign in December 1948, in order to fight this battle well, the General Front Committee of the Pingjin Campaign was established to coordinate and command the Northeast Field Army to fight against the troops of the North China Military Region. There are three members of the General Front Committee: Lin, Luo, and Nie.
The Pingjin Campaign was held in North China, and Nie Rongzhen, commander of the North China Military Region, was the host, and Lin Biao and Luo Ronghuan, commanders and political commissars of Dongye, came to North China as "guest voices." Why did Lin and Luo rank first?
Moreover, Nie Rongzhen joined the organization 3 years earlier than Lin Biao, and when he served as the secretary of the Political Department at the Whampoa Military Academy, Lin Biao was still a cadet.
From the agrarian revolution to the early stage of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, the two were partners, Lin was the military chief, and Nie Rongzhen was the political commissar.
Even if you take a step back, the two can be said to be equal, why is Nie Shuai's ranking lower?
The reason is actually simple: Higashino's strength is too strong.
When the Battle of Pingjin was underway, the main force of Dongye Shiguan was as many as 700,000.
If we add the militia and civilian workers, the number of the Northeast Field Army is not less than 800,000.
At that time, the total strength of the North China Military Region was less than 350,000, and the total strength of the three field corps under its jurisdiction was only 250,000.
These troops are not all under the direct command of Nie Shuai, and some of them are in the Shanxi battlefield, and Xu Shuai is in command.
Even regardless of Higashino's strength, from the perspective of operational command, it is more appropriate to say that "whoever commands the troops."
With so many troops in Dongye entering the customs, it is natural for Lin Biao, who has already implemented "unification" in the northeast, to serve as the secretary of the former party committee.
In any case, the peaceful settlement of Beiping involved war, and Lin Biao, secretary of the General Front Committee, was the main decision-maker.
[From right: Luo Ronghuan, Lin Biao]
Therefore, after Nie Shuai and Luo Shuai reach an agreement, they still need Lin Biao's support, if the three of them disagree, everything will be in vain.
"Fu Zuoyi is very capable of fighting, and it is not easy to ask him to bow his head. After listening to the opinions of the two, Lin Biao's reaction was flat.
"Now that Fu Zuoyi has no way out, as long as we exert pressure, I think there is a great possibility of the peaceful liberation of Beiping. Nie Rongzhen said.
Lin Biao was expressionless and silent when he heard this.
It can be seen that he does not have much hope for the peaceful liberation of Beiping.
Nie Rongzhen told Lin Biao about Fu Zuoyi's situation in the hands of the underground organization.
"Of course, I wish the soldiers would liberate Beiping without blood. Lin Biao said, "However, don't we know Fu Zuoyi's performance in the Tianjin Campaign? It was Fu Zuoyi's order that Chen Changjie stubbornly resisted to the end. ”
"A peaceful solution is a good thing, but the reality is that you can't do it without fighting, and only in this way can you solve the problem, and my opinion is to let go of illusions and solve the problem by military means. Lin Biao added.
At this time, Luo Ronghuan spoke: "At present, our army has an absolute advantage, and it is easy to defeat Beiping, but this time, all the altars and jars have been shattered, and the thousand-year-old capital must be unrecognizable." ”
Seeing that his partner Luo Ronghuan and Nie Rongzhen agreed on the same page, Lin Biao's face turned to the side and he didn't say a word.
The former secretary of the party committee disagreed, and Nie Rongzhen had no choice but to bypass Lin Biao and send a report directly to Xibaipo, explaining to the headquarters the idea of peaceful liberation of Beiping.
[From left: Lin, Nie]
Nie Rongzhen was one of the earliest proposers of the peaceful liberation of Beiping.
In the memoirs of Nie Rongzhen's secretary Tang Yongjian, Nie Shuai sent such a telegram at that time.
But after the telegram was sent, the headquarters did not reply, and Nie Shuai was anxious, and asked Tang Yongjian every day, "Did you call back?"
A few days later, the chairman finally called and agreed to work for the peaceful liberation of Beiping.
The chairman agreed, Lin Biao was no longer stubborn, and handed over the matter of peace negotiations to Luo Ronghuan and Nie Rongzhen to deal with.
After several rounds of arduous negotiations, the two sides finally reached an agreement and signed the "Preliminary Agreement on the Peaceful Liberation of Peiping."
Upon hearing the news, everyone breathed a sigh of relief, thinking that the peaceful liberation of Beiping was a sure thing.
Who knows, a few days later, there will be variables.
It's hard to believe that the problem is a letter.
It was about 10 o'clock in the evening on January 16, 1949, and Fu Zuoyi's representative Deng Baoshan was about to rest, when footsteps suddenly sounded outside the door, followed by a knock on the door.
"Who?" Deng Baoshan asked vigilantly, thinking that knocking on the door at this time might be a spy of Jiang Jun.
"It's me, Lin Biao. The outsider spoke.
Deng Baoshan was shocked, what would happen if Lin Biao came late at night?
After opening the door, Lin Biao took out a letter and handed it to the other party.
As soon as Deng Baoshan saw that the letter was not sealed, she wanted to open it to see what it was.
At this time, Lin Biao stretched out his hand to stop him, and said solemnly: "Mr. Deng, don't open it yet, and after I leave, you can read the letter." ”
After Lin Biao left, Deng Baoshan couldn't wait to open the letter and take a closer look under the lamp.
If you don't look at it, you will be shocked.
【General Fu Zuoyi】
The general content of the letter reads:
Fu slaughtered the people, raped women, and did all kinds of evil. Now our Xingyi army hangs the people and fights the crime, but the hundreds of thousands of troops of the Fu Department do not have the courage to face the battle and hide in the city of Beiping...... There are only two ways before you: disarming and accepting the adaptation, and you are given 20 days before you to answer in this regard. Otherwise, once the city is broken, as the person responsible for the war, he will be severely punished by the people.
Where this letter is a negotiation, it is simply an ultimatum.
Therefore, after Deng Baoshan saw it, she was at a loss.
Fortunately, Deng Baoshan was a general of the Northwest Army, and he had agreed with our proposition since before the Xi'an Incident, and was a close friend of General Yang Hucheng.
During the Anti-Japanese War, Deng Baoshan always kept in touch with our army, and visited Yan'an several times and received a high-standard reception.
After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, two of his subordinates staged uprisings one after another.
Deng Baoshan told us that as long as there was a suitable opportunity, he would revolt himself, and he had already been our comrade.
Deng Baoshan saw that this letter was wrong and was not conducive to the peaceful liberation of Beiping, so he did not hand over the letter to Fu Zuoyi, but told our negotiator Su Jing about it.
Su Jing looked anxious, and hurriedly called Nie Rongzhen to report.
Nie Rongzhen was also very surprised when he heard this, and decided to withhold the letter first, and he said to Su Jing: "You tell Deng Baoshan that the letter can't be shown to Fu Zuoyi now, and you can only do it when the negotiation is hopeless." ”
On January 25, Fu Zuoyi drove hundreds of thousands of defenders of Beiping out of the city to accept the reorganization of our army, and after the overall situation was decided, Lin Biao called Su Jing again and urged him to hand over the letter to Fu Zuoyi.
Deng Baoshan had no choice but to hand over the letter to Fu Dongju and ask her to pass it on to her father.
Fu Dongju was worried that his father couldn't stand it, so he pressed down the letter.
[On January 31, 1949, the People's Liberation Army entered Beiping]
However, by February 1, the letter was published in the newspaper.
Fu Zuoyi was very angry when he saw it, and said, "There is still such a thing?"
Later, he sat down with a long sigh and said, "The wood is already in the boat, and it is useless to say anything." ”
However, he was still angry and sent a letter to Lin Biao, claiming that he was a "war criminal" and wanted to surrender.
On February 8, Nie Rongzhen came forward to invite Fu Zuoyi to a banquet, and Lin Biao solemnly said, the meaning of the letter we published is very clear, that is, your past crimes cannot be denied, and the efforts made to the peaceful liberation of Beiping now are also worthy of recognition.
Later, when the chairman met with Nie Rongzhen and Lin Biao, he said with a smile: "You have a red face and a white face, you sing this play well." ”
It turned out that the letter was written by the chairman, and it was intended to make the hesitant Fu Zuoyi make up his mind as soon as possible, so as not to have too many dreams at night.
Of course, Fu Zuoyi was angry, not because he regretted his actions.
Until 1974, when General Fu Zuoyi died, he said: "The most valuable thing I have done in this life is to make the peaceful liberation of Beiping through hard work......"
[Fu Zuoyi (left)]
Resources:
1, "Founding Lieutenant General Su Jing: Never Led Troops to Fight but Equal to 100,000 Male Soldiers", Yan Meisheng
2, "Famous Partner Finale", Shaohua, Hubei People's Publishing House
[Deeply cultivate the history of war and promote positive energy]