Cultural relics and historic sites carry splendid civilizations, inherit history and culture, and are the historical roots of promoting the excellent traditional Chinese culture. Shandong is one of the main birthplaces of Chinese civilization and the birthplace of Confucian culture, with many cultural relics and historic sites.
Dawenkou, Chengziya, the Ancient City of Qi, Jiwanggu and other historic sites located on the land of Qilu have witnessed the "length" of the history of Chinese civilization. April 18 is the "International Day of Monuments and Sites", which will take you to see the ancient ruins of Qilu that have been amazing for thousands of years.
The Dawenkou Cultural Site is located in Dawenkou Town, Daiyue District, Tai'an City and Ciyao Town, Ningyang County, which is the place where Dawenkou culture was discovered and named. The tombs, pottery, stone axes, polished bone tools and other production tools unearthed from the site are important clues for the study of the primitive culture in the Huanghuai River Basin and the coastal areas of Shandong, Jiangsu and Zhejiang, and it has advanced the origin of Chinese civilization by two or three thousand years.
In 1962, the excavation of the Xixiahou site in Qufu, Shandong Province confirmed that the remains represented by the Dawenkou cemetery were earlier than the Longshan culture from the archaeological level. Xia Nai, then director of the Institute of Archaeology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, proposed the name of "Dawenkou Culture" in a timely manner, and used the first batch of carbon-14 dating data released by the mainland to estimate the absolute age of Dawenkou culture between 4300 BC and 2300 BC.
In recent years, Tai'an City has vigorously promoted the construction of the Dawenkou Archaeological Site Park, strengthened the protection of the site ontology and scientific display, and created a "panoramic IP" of Dawenkou culture through the in-depth integration of culture and tourism, so that this ancient land that once gave birth to the dawn of civilization will bloom with a new era.
Shandong Zhangqiu Chengzi Cliff Site
The ruins of Chengziya are located on the east side of Longshan Village, Longshan Street, Zhangqiu District, Jinan City, and adjacent to Shancheng Village in the south. Provincial Highway 102 passes from east to west on the north side of the site, and the Wuyuan River flows through the west side of the site, covering an area of about 200,000 square meters. The age of this site extends for more than 2,000 years from the Longshan culture, through the Yueshi culture, the Shang dynasty, the Western Zhou Dynasty to the Spring and Autumn period.
Published in 1934, Chengziya, as the "first collection of Chinese archaeological reports", revealed an unknown archaeological culture - Longshan culture. As soon as the "Longshan Culture" appeared, scholars noticed that it was completely different from the painted pottery culture seen before, and it was a powerful refutation of the "Western" Chinese culture that flourished in the early 20th century, and played a major role in promoting the understanding of the archaeological and cultural landscape of the Neolithic period in China.
The ancient city of Qi in Linzi, Shandong
The water supply and drainage system of the capital city of Linzi Qi provides an important example for the water conservancy system of urban site selection and construction design in the pre-Qin period of the mainland, especially the artificial use of natural rivers, and is also the concrete embodiment of the theory of camp city put forward in "Guanzi" and "Examination of Gongji", and can be used as a reference for urban planning and design in later generations. The study of the water supply and drainage system of the capital city of Linzi Qi and the surrounding canals will help to reveal the concept of its construction background, planning and design, expand the vision of urban archaeology and Qi culture research, and also provide a new research direction for today's urban water conservancy archaeology.
The ancient city of Qufu Luguo in Shandong
The ancient city of Qufu Lu is the capital site of the Lu State of the Zhou Dynasty, and it is the only capital site that has been systematically explored for two weeks in China, and it is the capital city that lasts for the longest time among the vassal states of the Zhou Dynasty. In the early years of the Western Zhou Dynasty, King Wu of Zhou sealed Zhou Gong Ji Dan in Qufu, for the "Lu State", Zhou Gong assisted the Son of Heaven, and his son Bo Bird was sealed on behalf of his father, successively passed on the 25th and 34th monarchs, and the capital was built for 873 years, after 3,000 years of wind and rain.
The existing Lu ancient city covers an area of about 10.45 square kilometers, the remains of the whole city wall are vaguely available, thousands of important artifacts have been unearthed, including jade horses, jade bi, inscription bronze and silver ape with hooks, ivory carvings "filial piety", etc., exquisitely made, the age is accurate, and has high historical value and artistic value.
Shandong Linyi Yinque Mountain Han Tomb
Located at the southwest foot of Yinque Mountain in Linyi City, Shandong Province, Yinque Mountain Han Tomb is one of the largest ancient tombs in the country, mainly Western Han Dynasty tombs, and has tombs from the Warring States Period to Tang, Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties.
It is reported that in April 1972, the health department of Linyi District accidentally discovered the No. 1 and No. 2 Han tombs during the construction of Yinque Mountain, and a large number of precious bamboo slips and military books such as "The Art of War" and "The Art of War of Sun Bin were unearthed in the tombs, which caused a sensation at home and abroad, and solved the historical mystery about the existence of Sun Wu and Sun Bin and their people, and the authenticity of their books.
Nowadays, in the Yinque Mountain Han Tomb Bamboo Slip Museum, there are 7 exhibition halls, such as "Birds Singing the World", "Martial Arts Crown", "Military Relics", "Sweat and Green Ink Book", "The Way to Win" and "Connoisseurship and History", which make people feel as if they are in the intertwined of ancient and modern, and feel the eternal love of Linyi as if they were on the spot.
The site of Longxing Temple in Qingzhou, Shandong
The ruins of Qingzhou Longxing Temple, located in the south side of Qingzhou City Museum, Wangfu West Street Road, Qingzhou City, Weifang City, Shandong Province, are the ruins of the Northern and Southern Dynasties to the Ming Dynasty. In October 1996, a cellar of Buddhist statues in the late Northern Song Dynasty or early Jin Dynasty was excavated in the north of the site. After the cleanup, more than 600 Buddhist statues, 142 coins, and 2 pieces of ceramics were unearthed, and most of these statues still retain the original painted and gilded. The colors of the paintings include cinnabar, royal blue, ochre, peacock green, black, white and other natural mineral pigments, and some of the statues and clothing even have characters painted in various colors.
The large number of Buddha statues unearthed from the Buddhist statue cellar at the site of Longxing Temple in Qingzhou is large, the carving is fine, the gilding and color painting are intact, and the time span is long, which makes up for the lack of physical materials for the archaeological research of Buddhism between the Northern Wei Dynasty and the Sui and Tang Dynasties, especially the Eastern Wei Dynasty and the Northern Qi Dynasty, and provides valuable materials for the study of Chinese Buddhist archaeology and Chinese art history.