Source: Dr. Cai said in popular science
Diabetes mellitus is a common chronic disease that affects the health of hundreds of millions of people around the world, it is a metabolic disease that causes blood sugar to rise due to insufficient insulin secretion or defective action, and long-term hyperglycemia can lead to various complications such as cardiovascular disease, retinopathy, kidney disease, etc.
Symptoms of diabetes include polydipsia, polyuria, polyphagia, weight loss, etc., which may not be obvious, so many people do not know that they have the disease. The diagnosis of diabetes is usually determined by blood glucose testing, and treatments include diet control, exercise, medication, etc.
The etiology of diabetes is complex and is related to a variety of factors such as genetics, environment, and lifestyle. Long-term high-sugar, high-fat diet, lack of exercise, obesity, etc. are all risk factors for diabetes.
Therefore, preventing diabetes requires starting with lifestyle changes, maintaining healthy eating habits, increasing physical activity, and controlling weight.
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The impact of diabetes on individuals and society is significant. In the future, with the advancement of science and technology, we are expected to develop more effective treatments for diabetes.
At the same time, we also need to strengthen the prevention of diabetes, raise public awareness and awareness of diabetes through publicity, education, policy formulation, etc., and reduce the incidence of diabetes.
01
Elevated blood sugar is related to 4 habits, and it is recommended to change them in time
First of all, an unhealthy diet is one of the important causes of blood sugar elevation. Excessive intake of foods high in sugar, fat, salt, and calories can cause blood sugar fluctuations. In order to stabilize blood sugar, you should maintain a balanced diet, eat more vegetables and fruits, and reduce the intake of fats and high-calorie foods.
Secondly, lack of exercise is also a common cause of elevated blood sugar. Long-term sedentary and lack of exercise can lead to a decrease in the body's metabolic rate, affecting the consumption and utilization of blood sugar. Proper exercise can boost the body's metabolism, improve insulin sensitivity, and help lower blood sugar.
In addition, staying up late for long periods of time and being stressed can also lead to a rise in blood sugar. Lack of sleep and stress can affect the body's endocrine system, resulting in a decrease in insulin secretion and an increase in blood sugar. In order to keep your blood sugar stable, you should get enough sleep and relax your mind and avoid being in a state of tension for a long time.
Finally, smoking is also one of the bad habits that cause blood sugar to rise. Smoking stimulates the secretion of adrenaline and inhibits the secretion and action of insulin, which causes an increase in blood sugar. To lower blood sugar, you should quit smoking or reduce the amount you smoke.
02
Is fasting blood sugar 8.5 serious?
A normal person's fasting blood glucose value is 3.9 to 6.1, and diabetes is judged to be more than 7.0 or 11.1 2 hours after a meal. A fasting blood sugar of 8.5 is already beyond the normal range, which is considered hyperglycemia. At this time, patients should have tests for glycosylated hemoglobin, islet function, and complications to determine the cause of the elevated blood sugar.
If the blood sugar is elevated due to pancreatic islet dysfunction, the patient needs to be treated accordingly, such as medication, dietary modification, and appropriate exercise.
If the blood sugar is elevated due to other reasons, such as stress, medications, etc., the patient needs to be treated accordingly to bring the blood sugar down to the normal range.
At the same time, patients with fasting blood sugar of 8.5 need to pay attention to controlling their diet, eating less high-sugar, high-fat and high-calorie foods, and eating more low-calorie and high-fiber foods such as vegetables, fruits and whole grains. In addition, proper exercise can also help control blood sugar and enhance the body's metabolic capacity.
03
The doctor said frankly: If there are 3 conditions, there is no need to worry too much
First of all, short-term fluctuations in blood sugar usually don't have much of an effect on the body. For example, blood sugar levels rise for a period of time after a meal, but after a while, the body automatically regulates blood sugar back into the normal range. So, if you only have an occasional high blood sugar, don't worry too much.
Second, the blood sugar levels of some people will be on the high side. For example, the elderly, pregnant women, and obese people may experience high blood sugar.
This is because the body's ability to metabolize sugar gradually decreases with age, pregnant women need more energy to support the growth and development of the fetus during pregnancy, and obese people will affect the body's metabolism of sugar due to more fat accumulation in the body. Therefore, hyperglycemia may be a normal physiological phenomenon for these populations.
Finally, some lifestyle habits can also affect blood sugar levels. For example, eating an irregular diet, lack of exercise, and excessive fatigue can all cause blood sugar fluctuations. If your blood sugar is high due to these reasons, your blood sugar level will usually return to normal gradually after you improve your lifestyle habits.
04
What are the obvious symptoms of diabetes in the early stages?
1. Polydipsia and polyuria: Patients will experience symptoms such as dry mouth and thirst, and the amount of water they drink will increase, and the frequency and amount of urine will also increase.
2. Increased appetite: Patients often feel hungry and eat more, but lose weight.
3. Fatigue and weakness: Patients feel fatigue easily, which cannot be relieved even after rest.
4. Blurred vision: The patient's blood sugar rise can cause the osmotic pressure of the eye lens to change, causing blurred vision.
5. Itchy skin: The patient's blood sugar rise can cause symptoms such as dry skin and itching.
6. Numbness in the hands and feet: The patient's high blood sugar can lead to neuropathy, causing symptoms such as numbness and pain in the hands and feet.
05
How long does it take for high blood sugar to develop diabetes?
Hyperglycemia does not necessarily mean diabetes, and the diagnosis of diabetes depends on the diagnosis of a doctor, and it needs to be combined with blood glucose testing, clinical symptoms, and other relevant tests. Therefore, for occasional transient hyperglycemia, we cannot easily diagnose diabetes.
In general, if a person's blood sugar levels are persistently high and not effectively controlled and managed, then his risk of developing diabetes gradually increases. This process can take years or even longer.
However, if a person is able to take effective measures to control and manage blood sugar at an early stage of hyperglycemia, then he may be able to delay or even avoid the development of diabetes.
In addition, factors such as an individual's genetic background, age, weight, lifestyle, and eating habits can also influence the progression process from hyperglycemia to diabetes.
For example, people with a family history of diabetes have a higher risk of developing diabetes, obese and inactive people are more likely to develop high blood sugar and diabetes, and good diet and exercise habits can help control blood sugar levels and reduce the risk of developing diabetes.
Therefore, if you suspect that you are at risk of high blood sugar or diabetes, it is advisable to seek medical attention promptly for examination and diagnosis. Doctors will give professional advice and treatment plans on a case-by-case basis to better manage and control blood sugar levels, thereby reducing the risk of developing diabetes.