Abstract:The State Council's "14th Five-Year Plan for the Development of Modern Comprehensive Transportation System" proposes to promote the intelligent transformation of existing container terminals in Dalian Port, Tianjin Port, Qingdao Port and other ports, and accelerate the construction of a new generation of automated terminals. In response to the requirements of the "14th Five-Year Plan for the Development of Modern Comprehensive Transportation System", major provinces and cities along the coast and the Yangtze River have accordingly introduced smart port development policies, and the construction of smart ports in mainland China will usher in a period of policy dividends and rapid development, and the market scale of smart port construction will gradually increase. In 2022, the market size of the smart port industry in mainland China will be about 3.685 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 26.9%, and the average annual compound growth rate from 2017 to 2022 will be 27.2%.
1. Definitions and Classification
Smart port is a new form of modern port transportation that uses a new generation of information technology to deeply integrate port transportation business and management innovation, making the port more intensive, efficient, convenient, safe and green, and has distinctive characteristics such as intelligent production, intelligent management, flexible service and strong support. The facility configuration of smart ports mainly involves logistics and transportation infrastructure networks, information infrastructure networks, and port transportation handling equipment. The smart port construction model includes not only the construction and expansion of automated terminals, but also the automation and upgrading of existing equipment at the terminals. From a business point of view, smart ports can be divided into the following categories: container ports, liquid cargo ports, bulk cargo ports, and comprehensive ports.
Second, industry policies
With the acceleration of the transformation and upgrading of the mainland economy, the demand for big data, cloud computing and other technologies in ports has also increased, and the epidemic has accelerated the online port and shipping business, and smart terminals, digital transformation and intelligent upgrading have become the development trend, and the "14th Five-Year Plan" development plan has repeatedly mentioned smart ports. In the future, driven by 5G, artificial intelligence, big data, cloud computing, blockchain and other technologies, through the full-process automation upgrade of traditional container terminals and the construction of a new generation of intelligent terminals, smart ports are expected to be launched in more ports in China and comprehensively improve the comprehensive efficiency of ports.
3. Industry risks
1. Downstream industry prosperity risk
The concentration of the smart port industry is high, the main application areas of the products involve the construction of infrastructure such as ports and terminals, rail transit and construction scenarios, the business operation of related enterprises in the industry is closely related to the development of the downstream industry, and the main customers of the enterprise are in the industry affected by macroeconomic policies, fixed asset investment and other factors.
2. Market competition risk
With the continuous promotion of relevant industrial policies, the current smart port industry as a whole is in the early stage of rapid development. From the perspective of the subdivided industry - intelligent control system market, with the maturity of application technology and the gradual release of the market demand for intelligent control system in the port industry, there will be more competitors entering. At the same time, the level and depth of customer demand for products continue to increase, in the case of intensified market competition, such as the relevant enterprises in the industry can not accurately grasp customer needs, will have an adverse impact on the market competitiveness of enterprise intelligent control systems and other businesses.
3. Risk of loss of technical talents
Having a R&D team with rich industry experience, strong technology R&D capabilities and stable personnel structure is the key for enterprises related to the smart port industry to maintain their technological advantages and competitiveness. With the increase in the scale of business operations in the industry, if the enterprise is unable to establish a long-term R&D team training mechanism, cannot provide sufficient R&D resource support to the R&D team, and cannot continue to provide market-competitive salary incentives to core technical personnel and R&D personnel, it may cause the loss of technical talents such as core technical personnel and R&D backbones and weaken the R&D capabilities of the enterprise, which will adversely affect the company's product R&D and business performance.
Fourth, the industrial chain
The smart port industry chain covers multiple links from upstream to downstream, including hardware equipment, software solutions, system integration, service providers, and ultimately port operations and cargo circulation. Specifically, the upstream of the industrial chain includes hardware equipment providers (such as automated loading and unloading equipment, IoT sensors, intelligent surveillance cameras, robots, etc.) and technology providers, the midstream of the industrial chain is the smart port industry, including software solution providers and system integrators, and the downstream of the industrial chain is service providers and port operators. The port operator is the terminal of the industrial chain and the main body that directly applies smart port technology, using relevant hardware, software and services to improve port operation efficiency, reduce costs, increase safety, and promote the innovation and development of the entire port industry.
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