Text: Xiao Peng's brilliant notes
Editor|Xiao Peng's brilliant notes
[Preface]
"There are thousands of roads, safety first, driving is not standardized, and relatives are in tears. ”
I believe that many people are very familiar with this sentence, after all, "The Wandering Earth" can be said to be one of the most popular movies in the past two years, and this line has gradually evolved into an Internet phrase.
But in fact, it is not only the driving that needs to be regulated, as long as it is on the earth, no matter what kind of vehicle you drive, you must strictly follow the rules, otherwise it is likely to cause serious consequences.
Everyone has heard of car accidents, but few people have heard of a "boat accident", of course, the word "boat accident" is incorrect, and the correct name should be called a shipwreck.
This is not because ships at sea have never been in accidents, but because there was a famous shipwreck, and the severity of it taught a lesson to those who did not follow the rules.
This shipwreck is known as the "largest shipwreck in peacetime" in the Philippines "Donia Pass" shipwreck, the number of people killed in this shipwreck alone is three times that of the Titanic, so what is going on?
【Donapaz】
On December 19, 2019, the American company Fulken announced a bombshell news that they had found the wreckage of a ferry in the Philippine Sea.
And this wreck is the "Asian Titanic" and "Donia Pass" passenger ships that were shipwrecked 32 years ago because of a collision with another ship.
Although the ship was involved in an accident in 1987, it was actually built in Hiroshima, Japan, as early as 1963.
At that time, the "Donia Pass" was not called this name, but "Himewoomaru", a name with a very strong Japanese style.
As a passenger ship in the sixties, the "Himewoo Maru" did not have a large passenger capacity, only 608 people, and even if you count the crew on board, it is less than 700 people.
And the first ten years after the birth of this ship were very dull, conscientiously carrying out its own voyage in Japan, and never had an accident.
However, unlike river vessels, seawater is inherently corrosive, so the service life of marine vessels is generally slightly shorter.
Therefore, after 12 years of working in Japan, the "Himewoo Maru" also reached the age of "retirement" due to the aging of various facilities and hulls on board.
In general, such ships will either be sent to the shipbreaking yard to be turned into raw materials, or they will remain in the port and become a port hotel that will no longer sail.
But "Himewoo Maru" is different, in 1975, a Philippine shipping company Sulpicio bought him, and since then he has bid farewell to the fate of being demolished.
Sulpicio refurbished him inside and out, then renamed it Don Sulpicio and continued the voyage, but because it was an old ship, it could only make some short voyages between Manila and Cebu.
At the same time, because there were few good ships in the Philippines at that time, this ship became one of the two most "high-end" ships in the Philippines at that time.
However, less than four years after arriving in the Philippines, the "Don Sulpicio" suffered the first accident among the "shipwrights", and a fire broke out on the ship.
Although all 1,164 people on board were eventually rescued, the ship was burned to the ground and stranded on the shore.
It stands to reason that the ship has been completely scrapped at this time, but what people did not expect is that the Philippine government did not choose to scrap the ship, but refurbished it again.
So there was our protagonist today, the "Donia Pass", and the ship continued to sail at sea until the day he sank.
[Severe overload]
According to relevant sources and the accounts of survivors of the shipwreck, the ship was very seriously overloaded at the time of the accident.
It was December 20, 1987, and Christmas was just around the corner, and unlike any other Southeast Asian city in the Philippines, Christmas here was a very important holiday, equivalent to our May Day.
Therefore, on this day, many people will choose to go home to reunite with their families, or go out to travel, in short, the pressure on traffic is particularly great.
According to the regulations, the new "Doniapass" can carry up to 1,424 customers, which is much higher than the 608 in Japan, so when it was rebuilt, his company had already changed the number of passengers on the ship.
However, there were definitely more than 1,000 people on board at that time, because when the final count of the shipwrecked people was counted, more than 4,000 victims were found.
It is said that the ship's company has an unwritten rule, that is, if it is during the peak period of travel such as holidays, it is possible to board the ship first and make up the ticket later, in order to carry more passengers and make more money.
Moreover, when the ship set sail, there were more than 1,000 soldiers on board, and this statement was also said by an officer survivor who was shipwrecked.
At the same time, he also said that when he got on the ship, the ship had already tilted, and then a thousand soldiers were on board, and the severity of the overload can be imagined.
Although in the end, the shipping company gave a result of 4,342 passengers and 58 crew members because it could not withstand social pressure, but many people believe that this is still not a real number.
But even if it is not, this number is actually not much different, because according to the structure of this ship, if it carries more than 5,000 people, then the ship will not be able to sink before an accident.
【Oil Tankers & Passenger Ships】
Among the survivors in Hainan, there is a father and daughter who traveled to Manila, the capital of the Philippines, and this father and daughter can be said to have experienced the accident throughout the whole process and watched the accident happen.
When they arrived at the port in the morning to get on board, their father, Salvador, noticed a problem, that is, the ship had so many passengers that the deck was already full.
And later, because there were no more people on the deck, many people were forced to squeeze into the cargo hold at the bottom of the ship.
In the opinion of her daughter Arudia, even the ships that sailed from Africa to transport black slaves during the Great Voyage were probably not as crowded as this ship.
Originally, the father and daughter were out to travel, so they didn't bring too much food with them, but thought that there would be food on the boat, after all, they also paid for it, although they got on the boat first and then made up the ticket.
But when he arrived at the galley, he found that the food had already been eaten by the tourists before the ship had set sail, so the father and daughter had no choice but to go hungry.
At about eleven o'clock in the middle of the night, because they couldn't stand the smell of the cargo hold, Salvatore and Arudia came out of the cargo hold and came to the deck to breathe.
However, while they were on deck, Salvatore spotted a ship approaching them not far ahead, and it looked like it was about to collide.
At this time, it was already eleven o'clock in the middle of the night, and El Salvador could see the ships opposite, so you can imagine how close the two ships were.
So there was no time to remedy, and the "Doniapass" collided with the ship opposite, and because there were so many people on board, the ship basically showed signs of sinking at that time.
In addition, it was loaded with an American oil tanker named "Victor", which contained 1,041 tons of oil alone, as well as many other flammable materials.
[The most tragic accident]
When the two ships collided, there was a huge explosion, and the gasoline on the "Victor" also leaked.
It is conceivable that the sea near the place where the accident occurred basically turned into a sea of fire in an instant, and it was a sea of fire in the real sense, and with the combustion, the sea water had been boiled on the surface of the sea.
At that time, Arudia thought that she would not be able to survive now, but at this time, her father, Salvador, lifted her up and threw her into a sea that had not yet begun to burn.
Although the flames had not yet burned here, they were spreading, and the water temperature had begun to rise, so she had to swim away from the two ships to survive.
Fortunately, Arudia has lived by the sea since she was a child, and the water is very good, because she can dive under the sea for a long time, and because the flame is on the sea, the water at the bottom of the sea is not so hot.
But people do have to breathe, so every once in a while she has to surface to breathe, which causes her skin to be boiled by the hot seawater.
Just when she felt that she could not hold on any longer, she saw her father, and the two encouraged each other to leave the area until they were rescued by a nearby boat with a fishing net, which was used because they no longer had the strength to hold the lifeline.
In addition to the father and daughter, only 24 survivors remained, and the other 4,385 people on both ships were drowned, burned or cooked alive in the sea.
At that time, the shipping company was reluctant to disclose the real number of people on board, and as for the reason, we can also think of the reason, after all, if the ship was overloaded seven times according to the time it was in Japan, even if it was reported by the shipping company, it was overloaded three times.
In the event of an accident in such a serious overload situation, the shipping company must have borne a lot of responsibility, so they were reluctant to publish the list, but in the end, under the pressure of the family, the shipping company still released a relatively accurate figure, so we can know how many people died in this accident.
Links to previous issues
This time, Malaysia Airlines, which humiliates the Chinese, will no longer be tolerated by the world!
After the three-year scourge of the new crown disappeared overnight, it left behind 5 strange phenomena!
The "scam" that once swept the country was pushed to the altar and fried to tens of millions, and now no one wants the price of cabbage
Information sources:
Global Network ———— After sinking for 32 years and more than 4,000 people died, the Philippine shipwreck was found
China's Chang'an Net ———— sank for 32 years, more than 4,000 people died, and the Asian version of the Titanic was found