Audit Expert: Ye Haiying
Meteorological Publicity and Science Popularization Center of China Meteorological Administration (China Meteorological News)
Deputy Director of the New Media Center
Severe convective weather
Severe convective weather
Not long ago, strong convective weather rushed to the hot search list
Strong convective weather is "hot-tempered" and "super capricious"
It's the hardest of all weather to predict
What is severe convective weather?
How did it come to be?
What season does it occur more often?
What should we do when severe convective weather occurs?
What is severe convective weather?
Severe convective weather refers to the occurrence of sudden, fast-moving, violent, and destructive disastrous weather, common thunderstorms, strong winds, hail, short-term heavy rainfall, and some less common, such as tornadoes, downbursts, etc.
Several common severe convective weather丨China Meteorological Administration
How does severe convective weather form?
Severe convective weather is caused by strong vertical movement of the air, which usually occurs suddenly in spring and summer. The physical mechanism of the formation of various types of severe convective weather is not exactly the same, but most of them are formed under the unstable structure of dry and cold in the upper layer of the atmosphere and warm and humid in the lower layer.
Severe convective weather formation schematic丨China Meteorological Administration
In which season is severe convective weather more common?
Severe convective weather occurs at different times in different places, and the timing of different types of severe convective weather is also inconsistent.
For example, short-term heavy precipitation can be seen all year round, mostly in spring, summer and autumn; thunderstorms and gales mostly occur in spring, summer and autumn, and are less common in winter; tornadoes generally occur in the transition season between spring and summer or at the turn of summer and autumn (April to October), and hail mostly occurs in February to May, when the cold and warm air are intensely intertwined, and may also land in strong and persistent thunderstorms in midsummer.
Heavy rainfall Source: Sohu
It seems that the severe convective weather is really "capricious", but it can also be summed up that it haunts the law: in March and April, it mostly haunts the south of the Yangtze River and South China, and starts in May and gradually enters the national high incidence period. In addition, due to the rising temperature and enhanced water vapor transport in spring and summer, severe convective weather is also the most frequent. Especially in the afternoon of high temperature and humidity in summer, there is a lot of unstable energy in the atmosphere, and it is easy to release energy, and then strong convective weather occurs.
What are the possible hazards of severe convective weather?
Severe convective weather has the characteristics of strong suddenness, short life history, strong localization, severe weather, and great destructive power, and will also bring some harm.
Short-term heavy precipitation may cause secondary disasters such as flash floods, mudslides and urban waterlogging; tornadoes may cause casualties to people and animals, trees and power lines collapse and damage to buildings; thunderstorms and strong winds may cause casualties and collapse buildings, affecting operations and navigation in high-altitude working waters; hail may have adverse effects on crops and agricultural facilities.
Mud Stone Flow Source: Geographic-sha
It seems that strong convective weather is really a "temper tantrum".
How to prevent severe convective weather?
Different severe convective weather has different precautionary measures.
Windy weather
Avoid the "narrow tube effect". When walking and cycling, avoid the narrow passage between high-rise buildings, because the narrow passage will form a "narrow pipe effect", and the wind will increase in the passage, which will bring certain dangers to pedestrians.
"Narrow tube effect" Source: Sohu
Beware of falling objects. Merchants and shops should check whether their advertising plaques are firm, and residents should consciously clean up the items on the balcony to prevent the items from being blown off by the wind; When parking, it is best to park far away from large trees, billboards, high-rise buildings, etc., and do not walk close to aging buildings or residential buildings with debris when traveling.
Drive with caution. In windy weather, try to close the window glass tightly and keep a longer distance from other vehicles than usual; If you are driving a freight vehicle, tie the loaded materials firmly to prevent them from falling and injuring pedestrians.
Evacuate in time. Pay attention to wearing masks, gauze towels and other dust-proof supplies to avoid damage to the eyes and respiratory system caused by sand and dust.
hail
Look for shelter. In the event of hailstorm, quickly go indoors or take shelter under a sturdy shelter. If there is no suitable shelter, squat down with your back to the wind and hold your head in your hands to protect your head, chest and abdomen from attack.
Hail Source: China Meteorological Administration
Keep fragile items away. When dodging, observe the surroundings for dangerous objects that can easily fall to avoid being hit. Also be careful to stay away from glass objects such as windows, as hail may break the glass and cause damage to people.
Beware of electric shock. Stay away from lighting lines, high-voltage power lines and transformers to prevent electric shock.
tornado
Tornado Source: CCTV News
At home: Be sure to stay away from doors, windows, and the perimeter walls of your house, and take refuge in a wall or small room in the opposite direction of the tornado, where the basement or semi-basement is the safest place to shelter from the tornado.
In the car: Drive in the opposite direction, or immediately leave the car and take shelter in a low-lying area.
Outdoors: Look for low-lying ground nearby, but stay away from trees, power poles, billboards, fences, etc.
In case of emergency: In the case of an electric pole falling down or a house collapsing, the power supply should be cut off in time to prevent electric shock to the human body or cause a fire.
Tips
Please pay attention to the latest meteorological information released by the local meteorological department in time and take disaster prevention measures in advance
At present, it is a period of high incidence of severe convective weather in spring, and strong convective weather such as short-term thunderstorms, strong winds, and hail are localized and sudden, and the destructive power is great, so it is necessary to be highly vigilant and strengthen defense.