Summary:
This paper will discuss the dynamic modeling of human figures in oil painting, and conduct in-depth research on the inheritance and innovation of traditional techniques, the integration of digital technology and oil painting creation, as well as art education and talent training. Firstly, this paper introduces the concept and significance of the dynamic modeling of oil painting figures, and discusses its status and development process in traditional art. Secondly, the application of traditional techniques in the dynamic modeling of characters is analyzed, as well as the influence and challenges of modern aesthetic needs on traditional techniques.
I. Introduction
The dynamic and static of a work of art are the two main dimensions of artistic expression. Static artworks express objects through solidified forms, such as sculptures, still life paintings, etc., while dynamic artworks express objects through moving and changing forms, combining time and space, bringing a vivid and energetic feeling to the viewer, such as dance, drama, film, etc.
In oil painting, the dynamic modeling of the human figure is of great artistic significance. As one of the most common themes in oil painting, the human body can better convey the emotion, personality and action characteristics of the characters through dynamic modeling, making the works more vivid and close to the visual experience of the audience. Through the dynamic representation of the figure, the artist can show the strength, speed, flexibility and grace of the figure, so that the viewer can feel the vitality and vitality of the figure.
II. The Concept and Classification of Character Dynamics
A. Definition and Meaning of Dynamic Modeling
In oil painting art, dynamic modeling refers to the vividness, vitality and emotion of the characters by showing the changes and movements of the figures' postures, movements, expressions, etc. Dynamic modeling is not only to simply depict the appearance of the character, but more importantly, to capture and express the characteristics and emotions of the character in motion, so that the viewer can feel the dynamics and vitality of the character. Dynamic modeling plays a vital role in the creation of oil paintings, which can not only increase the artistic expression and ornamentation of the work, but also enrich the connotation and meaning of the work, making it more appealing and influential.
B. Classification and characteristics of character dynamics: posture, movement, expression, etc
Pose: The posture of the character is an important part of dynamic styling, which reflects the physical state, emotion, and intention of the character. Postures can be divided into different forms such as standing, sitting, kneeling, and lying down, each of which conveys different messages and emotions, such as a standing posture that stands tall may show confidence and strength, while a posture with your head bowed may show frustration and helplessness.
Movement: The movement of a character is one of the most intuitive and vivid expressions in dynamic modeling, which can show the behavior, activities and emotions of the character through the movement and posture of the body. Movements can be simple gestures or complex body movements, such as running, jumping, dancing, etc., each of which gives a different visual and emotional experience, making the work more vivid and infectious.
Expressions: The expression of a character is another important aspect of dynamic styling, which can directly express the emotions and inner world of the character. Expressions can be different emotional states such as smile, anger, sadness, surprise, etc., and through the facial expressions of the characters, you can understand the emotional and psychological states of the characters more deeply, making the work more emotionally resonant and infectious.
C. Comparative analysis of dynamic modeling and static composition
There is a clear distinction and contrast between dynamic modeling and static composition in the art of oil painting. Static composition emphasizes the stable and static state, pays attention to the solidification and balance of the form, and usually adopts a symmetrical and centered composition to show the overall structure and appearance characteristics of the object, while dynamic modeling focuses on capturing and expressing the movement and change of the object, emphasizing the flow and vividness of the form, and often adopts an asymmetrical and exaggerated composition to highlight the vitality and dynamic characteristics of the object.
In oil painting, the artist can flexibly use the combination of dynamic modeling and static composition according to the theme and performance requirements of the work to create rich, varied, tense and expressive works.
III. Anatomical Basis and Human Body Proportions
A. Anatomical Basis of Human Structure: Musculoskeletal System and Kinematic Principles
The anatomical basis of the human body is essential for the dynamic modeling of the human body. Understanding the musculoskeletal system and kinematics of the human body can help artists accurately capture and represent the posture, movement, and movement of the human body.
Skeletal system: Bone is the framework of the human body that supports and protects internal organs, and it is made up of bones of different shapes and sizes. Each bone has a specific shape and connection that allows the body to perform a variety of postures and movements. In the dynamic modeling of human figures, the artist needs to understand the structure and position of the bones in order to correctly depict the proportions and postures of the human body.
Muscular system: Muscles are one of the main tissues that make the body move, it is connected to the bones and produces force and action through contraction and relaxation. Different muscle combinations and movement patterns allow the human body to exhibit a wide variety of dynamic features. In the dynamic modeling of the figure, the artist needs to understand the position, form, and function of different muscle groups in order to accurately depict the muscle lines and postures of the figure.
Principles of kinematics: Kinematics is the science of studying the motion of objects, which involves factors such as velocity, acceleration, force, etc. In the dynamic modeling of the figure, the artist needs to understand the kinematic principles in order to accurately capture and represent the movement of the figure. For example, when the human body runs fast, the center of gravity will tilt forward, the pace will lengthen, and the posture will become more dynamic and fluid.
B. The basic law and change of human proportions: the proportional relationship in different states such as standing, walking, and running
Human proportions refer to the relative length and proportional relationships between the various parts of the human body. In different states, the proportions of the human body will change to a certain extent. Artists need to grasp the basic laws and changes of human proportions in order to accurately represent the body proportions of the figures in different movements and postures.
Standing state: In the standing state, the human body is usually in an upright position, with the head in the center of the body, and the upper and lower body are approximately equal in length. When depicting a standing figure, the artist should take care to maintain the balance and symmetry of the body.
Walking state: In the walking state, the proportion of the human body will change to a certain extent. The step and landing cause the body to tilt back and forth, resulting in a difference in the length of the upper and lower body. When depicting a walking figure, the artist should pay attention to capturing the dynamics and changes of the body, and accurately express the rhythm of the pace and the movement of the center of gravity.
Running state: In the running state, the proportional change of the human body is more obvious. As the speed increases, the posture of the human body becomes more oblique, the upper body leans forward, the lower half stretches back, and the range of motion of the legs also increases. When depicting a running figure, the artist should take care to capture the movement and fluidity of the body, and express the feeling of speed and strength through the extension and curve of the limbs.
C. The application and significance of anatomical knowledge in the dynamic modeling of characters
Anatomical knowledge has important application value and significance in the dynamic modeling of characters. By understanding the structure and proportions of the human body, artists can more accurately capture and represent the posture, movement, and movement of the characters, making the works more realistic and vivid.
Improve expressiveness: Mastering anatomical knowledge can help artists better understand and depict the structure and morphology of the human body, thereby improving the expressiveness and realism of their work. Artists can make the human figure more vivid and three-dimensional by accurately expressing the bone structure and muscle lines of the human body, as well as appropriately using the changes in the proportions of the human body.
Increase creative inspiration: Knowing anatomical knowledge can provide artists with more creative inspiration and possibilities. Artists can create characters with unique charm and movement by flexibly using anatomical knowledge, making their works more personal and artistic.
Strengthen observation skills: The learning of anatomy also helps artists improve their observation and analysis skills. By observing and studying the real human body, the artist can deeply understand the structure and proportions of the human body, so as to more accurately depict the dynamic characteristics of the human body.
IV. Line and Composition Techniques
A. The use and expression of lines
In the art of oil painting, line is one of the important means to express the dynamics of the human figure. Different types of lines can convey different emotions and dynamics, including contour lines, dynamic lines, and center of gravity lines.
Contour line: Contour line is the basic line that depicts the shape of a person, which can help the artist accurately outline the contour and form of the figure. When expressing the dynamics of the figures, the artist can express the dynamic characteristics of the characters by adjusting the line thickness, curvature and direction of the contour lines. For example, the use of smooth and powerful lines can highlight the movement and power of the character, while the use of soft and curvilinear lines can express the softness and stretch of the character.
Dynamic line: Dynamic line refers to the line that can convey the movement and posture of the character, and it usually appears in key parts of the character, such as joints, limb junctions, etc. By using dynamic lines in key areas, the artist can more accurately represent the movements and postures of the characters, making the work more vivid and expressive.
Center of gravity line: The center of gravity line refers to the virtual line that connects the center of gravity of the character, which can help the artist accurately grasp the balance and stability of the figure. When expressing the dynamics of the figures, the artist can express the movement and posture of the characters through the position and direction of the center of gravity line. For example, when a character is tilted forward, the center of gravity line moves forward, and when the character is tilted back, the center of gravity line moves backward. By accurately grasping the position and change of the center of gravity line, the artist can make the figure more realistic and three-dimensional.
B. Compositional Techniques and Dynamic Balance
Composition is a crucial part of oil painting, which directly affects the viewer's visual and emotional experience of the work. When representing the dynamics of the characters, artists can use techniques such as symmetrical and asymmetrical compositions to create different dynamic balance effects.
Symmetrical composition: Symmetrical composition refers to the arrangement of elements such as people or objects in a symmetrical way in the picture, so that the picture presents a similar shape and structure on the left and right or up and down. When expressing the dynamics of the characters, the symmetrical composition can convey the sense of stability and balance of the characters, so that the viewer can feel a static sense of beauty. The artist can make the figure more solemn and elegant by carefully designing the symmetrical structure of the picture.
Asymmetrical composition: Asymmetrical composition refers to the arrangement of elements such as people or objects in an asymmetrical way in the picture, so that the picture presents different shapes and structures on the left and right or up and down. When expressing the dynamics of the characters, the asymmetrical composition can convey the dynamics and vitality of the characters, so that the viewer can feel a sense of dynamic beauty. The artist can highlight the movement and posture of the characters through a unique composition, making the work more vibrant and charming.
C. The role and effect of line and composition in expressing the dynamics of the characters
Line and composition are indispensable elements in oil paintings, they play a vital role in the representation of human movements, and can influence the viewer's perception and understanding of the work.
Expressing a sense of dynamics: Through the precise and flexible use of lines and compositional design, the artist can effectively express the dynamic characteristics of the figures, so that the viewer can feel the flow and change of the figures. For example, the use of dynamic lines and asymmetrical compositions in the picture can highlight the movement and posture of the characters, and enhance the movement and vividness of the work.
Enhance emotional expression: Lines and compositions can not only convey the dynamic characteristics of the characters, but also express the emotional state of the characters. By carefully designing the thickness, bend and direction of the lines, as well as the symmetry and asymmetry of the composition, the artist can effectively express the emotional connotation of the characters and make the work more expressive and appealing.
Enhance visual impact: The clever use of lines and composition can enhance the visual impact of the work, capture the viewer's attention and resonate with the viewer. By employing vivid and tense lines, as well as a unique and creative composition, artists can create striking works that will leave a lasting impression on the viewer.
V. Expression of color and light and shadow
A. The relationship between the emotional expression of color and the dynamics of the characters
In oil painting, color plays an important role in expressing mood and atmosphere. Through the selection and use of color, the artist can effectively convey the emotional state and dynamic characteristics of the figure.
Emotional expression of color: Different colors have different emotional associations and emotional effects in psychology. For example, red is often associated with emotions such as enthusiasm, energy, and nervousness, while blue is often associated with emotions such as calm, quiet, and deep. When expressing the dynamics of the characters, the artist can strengthen the emotional expression of the characters by choosing suitable colors, so that the viewer can feel the inner world and emotional state of the characters more deeply.
Relationship with the dynamics of the characters: The use of color can not only express the emotional state of the characters, but also affect the viewer's perception and understanding of the dynamics of the characters. For example, when the figure is in intense motion, the artist can use bright and vivid colors to highlight the vitality and movement of the figure, and when the figure is in a contemplative or static state, he can use soft and deep colors to express the inner world and emotional experience of the figure. Through the careful selection and use of color, the artist can make the figure more rich and three-dimensional, and enhance the expressiveness and appeal of the work.
B. The shaping of light and shadow effects and the dynamics of human figures: the treatment of chiaroscuro and light and shadow changes
The effect of light and shadow is one of the key factors in oil painting to express three-dimensional sense and image realism. Through the treatment of chiaroscuro and changes in light and shadow, artists can effectively shape the dynamic features and three-dimensional sense of the human figure.
Chiaroscuro: Chiaroscuro refers to the degree of contrast between the bright and dark parts of an image. By reasonably controlling the chiaroscuro, the artist can effectively shape the three-dimensional sense and image contour of the figure, making the figure more full and three-dimensional. When expressing the dynamics of the figures, the artist can highlight the movement and posture of the characters by adding chiaroscuro, so that the viewer can feel the dynamic characteristics of the characters more clearly.
Handling of light and shadow changes: The change of light and shadow is one of the important means to express the dynamics of the human image. Through the precise and meticulous treatment of the changes of light and shadow, the artist can effectively express the movement and posture of the figures, making the figures more vivid and appealing. For example, when a person is in motion, different parts of the body are exposed to different levels of light, resulting in changes in light and shade and interplay of light and shadow. By accurately capturing and expressing the changes of light and shadow, artists can make the figures more rich and three-dimensional, and enhance the expressiveness and appeal of their works.
C. The special expressive techniques of color and light and shadow in the expression of human movement
When expressing the movement of the figures, the artist can use some special colors and light and shadow expressions to enhance the expressiveness and appeal of the work.
Bright and contrasting colors: By using bright and contrasting colors, artists can highlight the movement and posture of the figures, enhancing the visual impact and expressiveness of the work. For example, when the characters are performing intense movements such as jumping or running, bright and contrasting colors can be used to emphasize the movement and vitality of the characters, making the work more vivid and tense.
Interlacing of light and shadow: By accurately capturing and representing the interlacing and variation of light and shadow, artists can effectively express the movement and posture of the figures. For example, when the characters perform soft movements such as dance or gymnastics, the changes in light and shadow can be carefully processed to highlight the softness and stretch of the characters, making the work more moving and attractive.
VI. Conclusion
The dynamic modeling of oil painting figures has a long history and rich accumulation in traditional art, and traditional painting techniques have provided us with valuable experience and inspiration. However, in modern society, the aesthetic needs of art are also constantly changing, so combining traditional techniques with modern aesthetic needs for innovation and exploration is one of the important directions of dynamic modeling of oil painting figures.
Inheriting the Classical Art Tradition: Traditional painting techniques such as drawing, the use of color, and the expression of light and shadow can be regarded as the core of the classical art tradition. By inheriting and learning these traditional techniques, artists can have a deeper understanding and grasp of the dynamic modeling of human figures. For example, in the dynamic modeling of figures, the basic principles of perspective and composition still play an important role, and artists can use the techniques of perspective and composition to highlight the dynamic characteristics and three-dimensional sense of the figure.
Innovative modern aesthetic needs: With the development of society and the change of aesthetic concepts, the requirements of modern art for the dynamic modeling of characters are constantly updated and expanded. Artists can meet modern aesthetic needs in innovative ways. For example, artists can try to use more abstract or realistic techniques to express the dynamic characteristics of the figures, and can enhance the visual impact and expressiveness of the work through the bold use of color and the clever treatment of light and shadow.
Author: Lu Xilin
Bibliography:
Gombrich, E. H. (1995). The Story of Art. Phaidon Press.
Kleiner, F. S., & Mamiya, C. J. (2005). Gardner's Art through the Ages: A Global History. Wadsworth Publishing.
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