In recent years, with the continuous deepening of the aging of the population, the demand for elderly care services has become increasingly diversified. Focusing on the needs and expectations of the elderly, where to raise, who to raise, how to raise and how to raise it well have become hot spots of concern for the whole society. The reporter visited a number of families, pension institutions and communities to discuss how to solve the problem of pension in an aging society.
Pension does not leave home, there is warmth and worry
Caring for the elderly at home, the traditional way of caring for the elderly by children or family members is still the first choice for many elderly people. Recently, the reporter visited a number of families and listened to them talk about the "ups and downs" of family pension.
"My parents are over 80 years old this year, although they have some underlying diseases, but they are in good health and can take care of themselves, we only need to take care of the diet and daily life of the elderly, relatively speaking, there is less pressure. Meng Qingyuan, a citizen of Changchun, has been taking care of his parents for 10 years, and he can't help but sigh when he talks about getting along with the second elder.
The living habits and concepts of the two generations are different, at first Meng Qingyuan did not adapt, and the two old people did not adapt either. "The hardest thing is cooking, the old couple don't eat beef, mutton and seafood, they love to eat pickles and dipping pickles. Later, my mother had diabetes, and she had to pay attention to her diet, and her nutrition had to be balanced. "What makes Meng Qingyuan feel the most headache is that the old man is very thrifty, many things are old and broken, and he has to keep them when they are old and broken, and even when he sees things that other people don't want when he walks the corner, he has to pick them up, and he has persuaded him many times to no avail.
"Now when I go to work during the day, my sister comes over to clean up and make lunch. In the past two years, Meng Qingyuan's parents are 80 years old and need more care and companionship, while Meng Qingyuan has only one younger sister, and the pressure of pension can only be borne by the brother and sister. "Last year, my mother had shingles and my father had prostatitis, and when I was on a business trip, I had to let my sister drag them to the hospital. Fortunately, both elderly people have pensions, and there is not much financial pressure. Every day, watching the old people leisurely raise flowers, raise fish, and walk around the corners, we also feel very happy as children. ”
86-year-old Chen Fengwen was paralyzed 15 years ago due to cerebral hemorrhage, and she has been unable to take care of herself.
"My father died early, my mother had been living on her own, and when she had a sudden cerebral hemorrhage, the children of my brother and sister were in junior high school and high school, and we still had to go to work, so we were very stressed, and finally decided to take care of my sister first. Li Dongping, the son of Chen Fengwen, said that after the old man was discharged from the hospital, his sister fell ill due to too much work, and in desperation, he could only hire someone, but the old man was very reluctant to the nanny, and finally could only send the old man to a nursing home.
When she first arrived at the nursing home, Chen Fengwen was not happy, but it was the patient and thoughtful care of the nursing staff and the company of her peers that made her open her heart, and the old man gradually had a lot of good friends to talk to, and the children visited almost every day, and the old man quickly adapted to the life of the nursing home.
"Now that our children are working, we have a family, and I'm retired, so I took my mom from the nursing home to my home. At first, Li Dongping felt that he could be qualified for the work of caring for the elderly, but because the elderly were bedridden all the year round and lacked exercise, he gained a lot of weight, and he was also in his 60s, so it was a little difficult to help the elderly go to the bathroom. "One time my mom didn't stand firm, and when I hugged her, she flashed her waist and didn't get well for a long time. ”
So, after discussing with his two younger sisters, Li Dongping finally decided to use the old man's savings to hire a part-time worker to take care of the old man every afternoon. "After hiring someone, I felt a lot easier and took better care of my mother. My mom still likes to be at home, the food is tasty, it's quieter, and there's us around, and now she's happy. ”
The elderly, sick and disabled elderly need professional care when they care for the elderly at home, which is a multiple test of energy, psychology and economy for their children, and many families are facing a dilemma. 68-year-old Wu Lixin has recently been worried about how to let her father get more comprehensive care, she said: "My father is 90 years old, in the past two years, he has been suffering from small problems, he has been in the hospital several times, and a few days ago he suddenly felt uncomfortable, I can't take care of myself, and our brothers and sisters are discussing whether to hire a live-in nanny or send him to a nursing home, and there is no decision yet." ”
Staying in a nearby nursing home has more options
The sun was shining brightly on a spring afternoon, and 89-year-old Aunt Zou was lying on the bed, basking in the sun leisurely. "Mother Zou, drink some water. Wang Yan said softly as he picked up the old man and delivered a cup of warm water to Aunt Zou's hand.
Wang Yan is Zou Lao's caregiver, she told reporters that Zou Lao has had heart stent surgery and suffers from cerebellar atrophy, Zou Lao's son is a university professor and has no time to take care of his mother, and his mother loves to be clean and does not like to hire a nanny, so she has to ask a part-time worker to provide regular door-to-door service. "At first, the old man had the ability to take care of himself, and the part-time worker could cope with it, but later as the cerebellar atrophy of the old man became more and more serious, once he fell asleep while having a hot meal at home, and his home was almost burned, and the neighbor helped call the fire department. Later, Aunt Zou came to the nursing home, the old man is very accustomed to living here, and her son often comes to accompany his mother, while reassuring and reassuring, he also relieves his pressure. ”
In the Pudong Elderly Apartment in the Changchun Economic and Technological Development Zone, there are still many elderly people like Aunt Zou. For these disabled and semi-disabled elderly and their children, nursing homes have become a major way to solve the problem of elderly care.
"My father used to be very healthy, but then he had a cerebral thrombosis and had to stay in bed for a long time. My sister and I are very busy with work, and our children are about to face the college entrance examination, at first we took turns on duty, one person for a week, but the time is still not arranged, and the most important thing is that for the care of the bedridden elderly, we are not professional enough, and we can't take care of the elderly at all. "Mr. Yu is a corporate executive. My father has been ill for nearly two years, and a few days ago he contacted a nursing home to send him there.
One person is disabled, and the whole family is out of balance. When there are disabled and dementia elderly people in the family, not only the elderly are uncomfortable, but the children who do not have professional care knowledge and time are also facing great pressure.
"For the disabled and semi-disabled elderly, we have not only more professional nursing capabilities, but also a set of special management systems, which can provide more professional services. If the elderly are cared for at home, it not only requires a lot of energy from the children, but also may cause the elderly to be injured because they are not professional enough. Regarding the care of the elderly, the director of the nursing department of the Pudong Elderly Apartment in Changchun Economic and Technological Development Zone said that in the context of the aging population, the mainland's pension model is also developing and innovating, and the nursing home provides more convenient and professional services for the elderly care. "For example, some elderly people need nasogastric feeding, during operation, the caregiver must strictly follow the operating procedures, minimize the irritation of the nasal cavity or stomach, improve the hygienic quality of the feeding tube, and avoid serious complications caused by the feeding tube entering the lungs along the trachea; ”
Liu Guiqin, 68 years old this year, has a big house at home, a pension, and is in good health. After her wife left, her daughter communicated with her many times, hoping that her mother would live with her, but Liu Guiqin had her own ideas. "I've been looking for a nursing home recently, and my daughter doesn't agree with me going to a nursing home, but I think the times are developing, and people's concept of old-age care must keep pace with the times. With the advent of an aging society, the problem of providing for the elderly may not only increase the pressure on children, but also bring problems to the society. On the one hand, it is more secure for the elderly, especially the sick, to take care of the daily life of more professional personnel. ”
During the interview, this reporter learned that the elderly who come to the old-age institutions usually have the following situations: their children are busy with work and have no time to take care of the elderly; the elderly are moderately or severely disabled, and their children do not have the professional ability to take care of the elderly; some of the children of the elderly are already 60 or 70 years old and cannot take care of their parents; and there are also many healthy elderly people who take the initiative to choose to go to nursing homes for the elderly. With the change of the concept of old-age care, institutional old-age care has gradually become an option for the elderly.
Community elderly care services make people happy and worry-free
At noon, I walked into the Guangming Community Elderly Restaurant in Chongqing Street, Chaoyang District, Changchun City, and a smell of rice came to my nose. In the restaurant, the tables and chairs are neatly arranged, the simple decoration style is very refreshing, and many elderly people are eating. On the dining table, fried fish, braised pork, chicken cakes, shredded potatoes...... More than 20 kinds of meat and vegetarian dishes are available. "I used to worry about three meals a day, but now the problem of eating has finally been solved. Yu Yaqin, a 65-year-old resident of the community, is overjoyed when she talks about the restaurant for the elderly opened by the community. "Our old couple eat here at noon and night, which is economical, clean and hygienic, rich in nutrition, and has not been left behind since its opening. ”
"When the elderly come here, they not only have to eat well, but the most important thing is to eat well and eat healthy. The staff of the Guangming Community Elderly Restaurant said that in order to meet the dining needs of the elderly, the restaurant deliberately made the dishes softer and more balanced, focusing on balanced nutrition, and hundreds of elderly people came to eat at noon every day.
"It's good that you're here, otherwise I wouldn't have been able to bathe the old man myself. This time, my mother is comfortable, and she laughs every day. Ms. Liang, a citizen who lives in Xinhui Community, Xinlong Street, Kuancheng District, Changchun City, has been taking care of her bedridden mother since she retired, washing and cooking, tidying up the house, feeding medicine and food, all year round. "There is generally no problem in taking care of the elderly, but it is a problem to turn over and bathe the elderly, and it is really not good to have a helper. Ms. Liang said that this problem, which had plagued her for a long time, was solved by the community.
In the Xinhui community, there are many elderly people with limited mobility who face the same problem of bathing as Ms. Liang's mother, who are often unable to complete the bathing process on their own and even ensure basic personal hygiene due to the limitations of their physical condition and family environment. In order to solve the bathing problem of the elderly service objects, Xinhui community after the visit and research, together with the Changchun Civil Affairs Bureau Fucai Public Welfare Fund to carry out household bathing services, to provide convenient and high-quality bathing services for the service objects, to help the elderly solve practical problems, so that they feel warm care.
With the cooperation of the bathing team and community staff, the love bathing service was carried out smoothly. "Before we help bathe, we will measure the temperature and blood pressure of the elderly, do a simple physical examination, and ask them about their recent physical condition and make safety notices. Then wash the elderly's hair, bathe, wash their feet, trim their faces, put on clothes, and finally conduct health inquiries and satisfaction surveys to the elderly. Mr. Zhang, the bathing assistant, said that during the whole bathing process, they will also chat and communicate with the elderly, so that the elderly can really feel psychological comfort and enjoy a comfortable bathing time.
Where the needs of the elderly are, the provision of services follows. Go to the restaurant for the elderly to eat, dance in the community room, and ask a social worker to provide door-to-door service...... You can enjoy multi-level and diversified elderly care services at your doorstep, and community home care has become a useful supplement to public elderly care. In recent years, grassroots streets and communities have continued to innovate the way of elderly care services, continue to make efforts in improving software and hardware infrastructure, enriching service supply content, optimizing the elderly care environment, etc., establishing a home-based elderly visit and care system, building a comprehensive embedded community home-based elderly care service center, and making every effort to create a "15-minute elderly care service circle", so that more and more elderly people can enjoy a happy old age in high-quality elderly care services.
Produced by Jilin Daily
Author: Jilin Daily all-media reporter Ma He, Yu Yue, Wu Ming
Curator: Han Xuejie
Executive Editor-in-Chief: Yu Yue
Editor: Han Yuhong