Rain is the second of the 24 solar terms in agriculture, and it is the phenological change of the northern and southern hemispheres of the earth when the sun reaches the ecliptic longitude angle of 330 degrees.
The "rain" solar term of the calendar year ends from February 18~19 to March 4~5 in the solar calendar. This year's rainy season is February 19, the 10th day of the first month of the lunar calendar.
Image 01): Agricultural solar term "rain"
The arrival of the "rain" solar term indicates that the footsteps of spring are very close, and the "sound" can be sounded, which is a little closer than the spring after the "beginning of spring".
In this issue of pictures and texts, Qingjiang Crane will focus on and chat with all of you and teachers about the relevant topics of the "rain" solar terms of the 24 solar terms of agriculture, I hope you like and actively participate in interactive comments, forward and share this issue of pictures and texts.
The arrival of the rainy season is not the beginning of "precipitation", nor the end of "snowfall":
Rain, as the second of the 24 solar terms in the lunar calendar, usually occurs between February 18 and 19 every year. The arrival of this solar term marks the end of winter and spring (the beginning of spring on the solar calendar begins from the beginning of spring, but it is in the stage of low temperature counterattack for a long time, not the beginning of spring in the real sense), and it is also a period of gradual increase in precipitation.
Picture 02): Agricultural solar term "rain", a small amount of rain increases
In traditional Chinese culture, the rain solar term is an important agricultural node, which has a profound impact on agricultural production.
However, since it is only an increase in precipitation, the rain that falls at this stage is "drizzle". Therefore, Tang Dufu's poem says: "Good rain knows the season, when spring happens." Dive into the night with the wind, moisturizing things silently".
Tang Hanyu's "Early Spring Chengshui Department Zhang Eighteen Members" said: The light rain in the heavenly street is as moist as a crisp, and the grass color is close but there is nothing. It is the most beneficial spring of the year, and it is absolutely better than the smoke and willows in the imperial capital. See, it's all "drizzle", not like the storms and rains of May~June.
Rain is a solar term that reflects "precipitation", but it is not the first solar term, nor is it the end of "snowfall", because the snow only stops after Qingming.
Picture 03): Agricultural solar term "rain", it is good to rain
In "Lunar Order Seventy-two Candidate Solution", it is said that the rain "is in the middle of the first month, and the sky is full of water." The beginning of spring belongs to wood, but the one who gives birth to wood must be water, so the rain that follows the beginning of spring. And when the east wind thaws, it disperses and becomes rain."
It means the rainy season, not the beginning of rainfall, nor the end of snowfall. But after winter, the earth thaws, and the snow melts, turning into water and rain. This is where the original "rain" solar term comes from.
The "rain" solar term was originally the third of the 24 agricultural solar terms. During the Han Dynasty, in order to avoid the obscurity of "Emperor Liu Jing" (Liu Qi), the "Qi sting" was changed to "stunning", and the "rain" solar term was changed, so that the rain became the second solar term in the 24 agricultural solar terms, and the stinging became the third solar term.
The "rain" solar term is divided into 3 phases, namely "otter sacrifice", "wild goose" and "grass and trees sprout". The otter festival is still in a relatively cold phenological period, and sometimes, the otter (known as the "water crane") cannot go into the water to fish. "Hong Yan Waiting" is the time of "Eight or Nine Geese Compating", and it is not until the third time that the grass and trees sprout and wait, and the plants and trees in the world begin to sprout. For fruit trees, that is, the "flower bud germination period" of fruit trees, at this time, we will start to spray fruit trees with flower bud differentiation agents.
Image 04): Agricultural solar terms, rain
"Good rain" knows the "season":
"Good rain" knows the "season".
Tang Dufu's poem: "Good rain knows the season, when spring happens." Dive into the night with the wind, moisturizing things silently".
Although the arrival of the "rain" solar term, the amount of precipitation has increased, but the "amount" is not large, and it is all "drizzle".
The agricultural proverb says: "Spring rain is as precious as oil, and there is no white flow in every drop." It is said that the "preciousness" of spring rain.
Because in this season, with the warming of the temperature and the increase of ground temperature, the overwintering crops begin to grow from the state of "ice" stagnation, and gradually enter the vegetative growth period of "regreening" tillering, or the "superimposed" period of vegetative growth and reproductive growth.
Picture 05): Agricultural solar term "rain", flower bud germination period
Therefore, rainy seasons have a positive impact on agricultural production in many ways.
First of all, rainwater can provide the necessary water for winter farming, such as rape wheat and traditional open-field winter vegetables, which need to be used to meet their growth needs. After winter, the soil is often in a dry state, and the right amount of rainfall can quickly replenish soil moisture, creating good conditions for the sowing and growth of spring crops.
Second, rainwater helps to improve soil structure. The right amount of rainfall can penetrate the soil, making the soil soft and breathable, which is conducive to the growth of the root system and the absorption of nutrients. At the same time, rainwater can also wash away salinity and harmful substances on the soil surface, improving soil fertility.
In addition, rain regulates temperatures and promotes crop growth. Spring temperatures gradually rise, but often accompanied by a large temperature difference between day and night. Moderate rainfall can reduce the surface temperature, reduce the transpiration of crops, narrow the temperature difference between day and night, and make crops grow at a more suitable temperature.
Picture 06): The "rain" of all things
Therefore, the agricultural proverb says: "Rain without water and more spring drought, Qingming and ignorance eat more noodles." "If the rain does not fall, there will be no seedlings".
It seems that it is better to have a little "drizzle" in the "rain" season. Otherwise, it will cause a drought in early spring, and the spring crops will not be able to sow seedlings. Even if the seeds are sown, due to the low temperature and lack of rainfall in early spring, the sown seeds will be "slow to germinate", "late to unearth", and "lack of seedlings and broken ridges", which will affect the harvest of crops in one season.
"Rain" has rain crops are good, and the big spring and small spring are a treasure:
During the rainy season, agricultural producers should pay close attention to weather changes and arrange their farming activities reasonably.
First of all, it is necessary to make full use of rainwater resources, rationally arrange irrigation and drainage of winter crops, and ensure that winter crops receive sufficient water.
Picture 07): The "rain" of the dragon has been seen in the spring
Secondly, it is necessary to strengthen field management, timely weeding, fertilization, soil loosening, etc., to provide a good growth environment for crop growth. At the same time, it is also necessary to pay attention to the prevention and control of pests and diseases to ensure the healthy growth of crops.
The third is to sow seeds at the right time and not to "miss spring". For the cultivation of off-season vegetables in the high mountains, seedlings should be raised in the low mountains. Prepare for low-mountain seedlings. For example, the purchase of seeds. For the traditional crops in the high mountains and the second alpine mountains, they are also in the "seed preparation" purchase period, and it is necessary to set the target early and select the appropriate varieties as soon as possible. We can't wait until the sowing season to "grab the beard and eyebrows" and mess up the "rules".
The fourth is to prepare for farming. In particular, "plough winter ploughing". For paddy fields that are prone to water leakage, it is necessary to "fill the leakage" and "check the gaps" in time to prevent the plot from leaking water, and it is impossible to plant rice in the whole field.
Image 08): "Rain" in the fresh rain of grass
Words written at the end:
As an important node in agricultural production, rainfall has a profound impact on agricultural production.
Through in-depth understanding of the knowledge and significance of rain solar terms, agricultural producers can better grasp the rhythm and focus of agricultural activities, rationally use natural resources and technical means, and promote the sustainable development and progress of agricultural production.
At the same time, we should also pay attention to the impact of climate change on agricultural production and take corresponding countermeasures to ensure the stability and sustainable development of agricultural production.
Picture 09): The "rain" that lives up to the blue light, the growth of all things