(Tie-dye process.) ）
As the most important traditional festival of Chinese, the Spring Festival has a long history, and there are rich and diverse Spring Festival customs in all parts of China, which entrust people's longing and yearning for a better new life.
On the occasion of the Spring Festival, Yang Hairong, director of the "Jingping Management Office" of Zhongfang County, took reporters to experience the wonderful customs of Jingping, a thousand-year-old village.
Jingping Ancient Village is located on the west bank of the Yushui River in Zhongfang Town, Zhongfang County, Huaihua City, 15 kilometers away from Huaihua City. There are more than 20 ancient cultural sites in the village, such as ancestral hall, ancient post road, Fubo Palace, Wenchang Pavilion, Jiexiao Fang, Tang Dynasty ancient well, hydrological tablet, Longfeng Bridge, Guanyin Pavilion, Wutong Temple and old and Neolithic sites. Jingping Ancient Village has a long history, during the Warring States Period, it was the capital of the ancient country of Qiqi "and Lan Ancient City", the Han Dynasty was the site of Yuyang County, and the Tang and Song Dynasty were the site of the city of Lizhou, which is an authentic thousand-year-old village.
Jingping and the area of the water river, the ancient land of the Southern Barbarians, has always been the mixed place of various ethnic groups and tribes, and the folk culture is strong. The folk cultural elements such as drinking songs, operas, fishing drums, and overlord whips that are now circulating attract countless tourists.
Intangible Cultural Heritage: Dragon and Lion Dance
"The dragon and lion dance has begun!" I saw the lion leader holding a lion guide stick, blowing a whistle, and tease the dragon and lion with agility, making actions such as "fishing for the moon in the water" and "dragonfly dotting the water".
The dragon and the lion are considered to be the mascots to ward off evil spirits and avoid harm. Dragon and lion dance is not only an art form, but also a way of cultural inheritance and communication.
In Jingping Ancient Village, the intangible cultural heritage custom of dragon and lion dance has been inherited for more than 600 years, and every festival or major event, there must be a dragon and lion dance to deliver a cultural feast for the villagers.
"The dragon dance began in the Han and Tang dynasties, at the beginning it was called "dragon lantern", people made a dragon shaped lamp with cloth, in our Jingping Village, every important festival or wedding and other big days will have many young people raise the dragon lantern, accompanied by the rhythm of gongs and drums, praying for the auspicious peace brought by the dragon. Yang Hairong said that this year is an auspicious year. The dragon dance is not only a cultural feast brought to everyone during the festival, but also a kind of spiritual sustenance and inheritance of intangible cultural heritage.
Intangible Cultural Heritage Site: Yuzumi Library
"Let's go in and take a look at the Yuzumi library. After more than 600 years of experience, the library was left in ruins, and we restored it on the same site and turned it into a library, which is open to the public. ”
It is said that every household in Jingping Ancient Village has the custom of planting grapefruit trees in their courtyards, and the homonym of pomelo is "wanderer", which entrusts the voice of many wanderers who are committed to rural revitalization, so it is named "Yuzumi" library.
Today, the Yuzumi Library has a collection of more than 5,000 books of various types for visitors to read, as well as a café and other services. The design of the library integrates modern elements such as "reading" + "viewing", which complements the ancient village and becomes a new "Internet celebrity" check-in place in Huaihua.
非遗文化 :"琴庐"民宿
("Qinlu" B&B.) ）
A melodious guqin sound came, because Jingping is also the hometown of the emperor, Pan Shiquan, the teacher of Emperor Qianlong, what he taught is the guqin. He was the one who raised the five tones of the Chinese scale to seven tones, and many of his scores were included in the "Great Music Vowels" in the Siku Quanshu. In order to commemorate Pan Shiquan, this homestay in Jingping, the "hometown of the emperor", was named "Qinlu".
There are also often some guqin collections here, and today there is a guqin master who plays live.
According to expert research, Jingping ancient village was built in the Tang and Song dynasties, formed in the Yuan Dynasty, flourished in the Ming and Qing dynasties, the main people who thrive here for generations are the Dong people surnamed Yang, it is an ancient village with relatively complete preservation and a large scale of construction, and there are 104 ancient residential buildings preserved now.
Intangible Cultural Heritage Experience: Tie-Dye Craft
"'Tie-dyeing' is a national intangible cultural heritage, it has a history of more than 2,000 years, and Jingping Ancient Village happens to be a thousand-year-old village, so we have introduced this intangible cultural heritage project, and the intangible cultural heritage teachers here will take everyone here every weekend to appreciate the charm of intangible cultural heritage. Yang Hairong said.
During the Qin and Han dynasties, tie-dyeing, as a practical technique, was born among the people with its own unique artistic characteristics. During the Tang Dynasty, it was unprecedentedly developed and popular, and by the time of the Republic of China, household tie-dyeing was very common.
Wei Jianyong, the intangible inheritor of Wuxi batik in Hecheng District, introduced: "Tie-dyeing" is an ancient "spinning and dyeing" technology, which is also called "Zha Xuan". It is to tie our cloth with the help of our needles and threads, rubber bands, splints, etc. It will not be dyed where it is tied, and it will be dyed where it is not tied, so that our fabric will have an effect of "tying flowers" and different patterns.
After the reform and opening up, under the background of the era of cultural "a hundred schools of thought contending and a hundred flowers blooming", tie-dyeing technology has made great progress. For a long time, Yunnan, Guizhou, Hunan and other places in the mainland still retain relatively complete manual tie-dyeing technology.
Intangible Cultural Heritage Skills: Chinese Hats
Hat, also known as hat and hat, is the main type of cloak because of its plane such as the size of the bucket, and is the main type of cloak, with wide appearance, light carrying, smooth feel, and multiple functions such as sun protection, rain protection, ventilation and heat dissipation.
During the Qianlong period, Pan Shiquan, a native of Jingping Village in China, was the doctor of Taichang Temple at that time, and was in charge of court etiquette. When he returned to Beijing, he presented the Chinese hat to the Qianlong Emperor, which was highly appreciated by the Qianlong Emperor. Since then, the Chinese hat has become a tribute of the Qing Dynasty and has become famous.
Today, the "Chinese Bucket Hat" produced in Zhongfang County has become the second batch of intangible cultural heritage in Hunan Province.
"With a squire, first make a spire, then use goose feathers, then make a tip, brush the tung oil, and brush a layer of slurry. Zeng Yuzhen, the intangible inheritor of the "Chinese hat", said that the use of goose feather tubes as the top is more resilient than bamboo, and the hat will be more durable.
Seeing this inky black spire, it seems to have become a symbol of the Chinese hat. In the process of weaving hats, we can see the fingertip skills precipitated by time and the exquisite ingenuity of generations of craftsmen. For the old man who is still weaving a hat, it is not only a tool to shelter from the rain and sun, but also a special emotional memory, and also a strong nostalgia for sustenance.
Yang Hairong said: "Today, in our great Xiangxi, the hat is more of a function of jewelry. Just like this 'cultural and creative' little hat in my hand, it can be hung on the car or in our home, which is very beautiful. In our Jingping Ancient Village, the lightweight, delicate, bright and durable Chinese hat is winning the love of Chinese and foreign tourists as a practical and beautiful handicraft. ”
Intangible cultural heritage food: Rice dumplings
(Hit the glutinous rice dumplings.) ）
In Jingping Ancient Village, the rice dumplings are very energetic and have a sense of atmosphere. Regardless of whether men and women, young or old, will or not, just keep up with the rhythm.
As one of the intangible cultural heritage cultures of Chinese county, the traditional production process has been passed down for thousands of years.
"First absorb enough water glutinous rice, put it into the steamer to steam, wait until the glutinous rice in the steamer is fragrant, then put the steamed glutinous rice into the stone mortar, with a mallet or bamboo pole up and down to turn the scoop beating" a villager said, glutinous rice generally takes more than ten minutes, to beat the glutinous rice into a paste, in the mold is easy to shape.
Traditional handmade glutinous rice dumplings are an indispensable delicacy for the Chinese New Year in Jingping Ancient Village. The way to eat it is also in a variety of forms. Among them, the most popular is the grilled glutinous rice cake. Put the glutinous rice cake on the grill, and constantly turn it on both sides, and the glutinous rice cake gradually swells under the fire, and when the skin is slightly golden and raised, the baked glutinous rice cake is finished.
Nowadays, the custom of making glutinous rice cakes has been passed down for thousands of years, and it sticks to people's expectations for the New Year, and it is also the most simple and sincere emotion of the neighbors in the ancient village.
In addition to the intangible cultural heritage performances, there are also traditional New Year's customs activities such as writing Spring Festival couplets and frying sugar and oil baba in the ancient village. The strong "fireworks" and "literary and artistic fan" coexist in harmony here, attracting tourists from all over the world to come to the market to check in.
In recent years, Zhongfang County has been committed to the "integration of culture and tourism" in Jingping Ancient Village, creating a weekend normalized creative market - "Riverside Market", providing a free display platform for young creative stall owners, intangible cultural heritage inheritors, craftsmen, food lovers, etc., promoting the brand creation of rural scenic spots, and stimulating the endogenous power of rural tourism development.
Since its first opening in 2020, "Riverside Market" has won the "Huaihua Excellent Cultural Tourism Project" for three consecutive years, and in 2022, it was rated as the "Provincial Excellent Cultural Tourism" project by the Hunan Provincial Department of Culture.
Yang Hairong introduced: Jingping will focus on building a 4A-level scenic spot, enriching music culture and farming culture, continuing to carry out cultural tourism and "agricultural tourism" publicity activities, singing the brand of "Chinese County Cultural Tourism", enhancing the popularity of Jingping Scenic Area, doing a good job in urban outings, weekend tours, and rural tourism, and promoting the rapid development of all-for-one tourism in Chinese counties.
(Huaihua Daily all-media reporter Li Pubing)