#精品长文创作季#
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«——【Preamble】】 ——»
The United States is one of the most typical federal countries in the world. The biggest difference between federalism and other countries is that there is less relationship between the central and local governments.
Under the federal system, local problems can be described as endless. This is why the Texas problem in the United States has recently arisen because of this.
Since the outbreak of the conflict, the relationship between the Texas government and the US federal central government has been deadlocked, and the idea of Texas to fight for independence has gradually begun to sprout. Why did Texas insist on fighting for independence?
«——【Sharp contradictions,Want to be independent·】——»
In fact, Texas was not originally part of the United States, Texas originally belonged to Mexico until 1845, when Texas was forcibly incorporated into the United States, thus becoming the 28th state of the United States Union.
However, the downside of this forced participation is that the independence factor still exists in the hearts of the Texans, and they still resist and want independence.
Historically, Texas has fought for independence for these reasons.
First of all, the Texas government believes that the federal central government of the United States does not have many resources for itself. You must know that Texas is a veritable economic state, whether it is in industry, commerce or handicrafts, etc., Texas' economic strength is very strong, and it is in the forefront of all states in the United States.
Not only that, but it also takes into account the natural advantages. Texas has a lot of natural resources, such as oil, natural gas and other energy reserves.
Texas' contribution to the development of the U.S. economy, especially in terms of tax revenue, is very huge, but the U.S. government has not given Texas the corresponding development resources. Therefore, the people of Texas believe that it would be better for their state's economic development if they became independent.
This problem of uneven economic development will also extend outward. You must know that the United States has recently taken on a large amount of foreign debt, and to pay off these foreign debts, it is natural to rely on the efforts of the states. An economic state like Texas is bound to spend a lot of money.
They are also naturally reluctant to use their state's economy to pay off the Biden administration's debts.
Then there is the fact that Texas has taken a different stance on major U.S. policies than the central government. This view can be vividly reflected in the immigration issue in the United States.
The root cause behind the recent U.S. presidential election and the fierce conflict between the federal government and Texas is immigration.
«——【Disagreement on immigration·】——»
Texas is geographically located in the southernmost part of the United States, bordering Mexico and the Gulf of Mexico to the east. Such a location is undoubtedly suitable for the development of the transportation industry, and it also brings more benefits for outsiders to enter Texas.
So, every year Texas is facing a large number of illegal immigration problems. The entry of a large number of illegal immigrants will not only undermine the demographic stability within Texas, but also cause a series of social problems, making the contradictions within Texas increasingly acute.
Therefore, the Texas government has always taken a very cautious and strict approach to immigration. Last December, the Texas government unveiled a law criminalizing all illegal immigrants entering Texas.
It is worth mentioning here that during the administration of the previous president of the United States, that is, during the Trump administration, the policy on immigration was the same as the current attitude of the Texas government, and it was also very strict.
Since the enactment of such a policy, they have built a wall on the border of the neighbouring region to prevent the entry of illegal immigrants. But after the Biden administration came to power, it overhauled its previous strategic decisions. The Biden administration's management of immigration policy is still relatively lax, and the more obvious approach is to tear down the "immigration wall" of the Trump era.
And these modest immigration policies also make it easier for illegal immigrants to enter the United States. This is contrary to what the relevant parties in Texas want to see, which naturally harms the core interests of Texas, and also makes Texas, from the governor to the grassroots people, very dissatisfied with the Biden administration.
And this was just the fuse, coupled with a series of conflicts between Texas and the central federal government, which naturally made them dissatisfied with the government's policy management and wanted to fight for independence.
«——【·拆除移民“隔离墙”·】——»
Under such an immigration policy, the Texas side believes that its rights and interests have been harmed, and the influx of illegal immigrants has breached its own security, which is considered to be an invasion.
According to the relevant provisions of the United States Constitution, a state has the right to go directly to a state of alert when it believes that it has been invaded.
The contradiction between the federal central government and the Texas state government. It was later referred to the U.S. Supreme Court for adjudication, and the justices of the U.S. Supreme Court, after familiarizing themselves with the case, also had a very different view, with some judges holding that the National Guard's actions should be approved as lawful under the U.S. constitutional principle of federal supremacy over local states.
However, some justices supported the so-called "invasion" of Texas and the construction of the wall was not enough to be considered a confrontation between the local and the central government, and in the end, the U.S. Supreme Court approved the Biden administration's request to dismantle the "wall" by four votes against and five votes in favor.
Texas acted in violation of the provisions of the Federal Constitution and ordered the Texas government to immediately cease its wrongdoing, abide by the Federal Constitution, and dismantle the "wall."
But in the eyes of the Texas government, the U.S. Supreme Court and the U.S. central government are simply in cahoots. Therefore, instead of dismantling the "wall", the Texas government issued a statement of confrontation.
The Texas governor personally ordered that all frontline personnel must abide by the principle that Texas' right to self-defense and safety are above all else.
Frontline workers must loyally defend their states and not obey Supreme Court orders, and the federal government, led by Joe Biden, has accused Texas authorities of abiding by the Supreme Court's ruling.
«——[Biden warns, Trump calls for military aid to Texas]——»
In the context of the US election, there is no doubt that the Republican candidate Trump is on the side of Texas. Faced with this situation, Biden warned of serious consequences if he "insisted on going his own way".
But in the face of US President Biden's warning, Trump disagreed, and even called on social media on January 25: He believes that all states with the intention of banning immigration policies should send troops to support Texas and put corresponding pressure on the federal government.
So is there any possibility for Texas to become independent? Yes, but it is very small, because Texas is bound to encounter all kinds of difficulties in its struggle for independence.
First of all, the so-called independence means secession from the Union, which is very much hindered in the United States Constitution. There are no special circumstances, and independence is never possible simply because of the appeal of the people in the state.
Now that the U.S. federal government has obtained a favorable judgment from the U.S. Supreme Court, it will be more successful in the future, because it is the one who is in line with the Constitution.
And we know that 2024 is the year of the US presidential election, and the Democratic Party and the Republican Party will have another fierce competition. And Biden, as a strong candidate for the Democratic Party, especially as the incumbent president of the United States, naturally cannot allow activities that are unfavorable to his election to occur in the country.
If Biden allows Texas to develop independence, it is very likely that Texas will unite with his rival, the previous president of the United States, Trump, and will inevitably put himself at a disadvantage in future elections, and Biden will never allow this to happen, which adds an obstacle to Texas's "road to independence".
«——【·分歧的根源·】——»
The reasons for Texas' desire for independence mentioned above are only superficial, but in fact, the most fundamental reasons have to start with the basic system of the United States.
We know that the United States implements a federal system, and the biggest feature of the federal system is that the independence and autonomy of its constituent units are relatively high compared with other countries.
The opposite of the American system is the unitary system, which is characterized by centralized power, and all administrative units are under the unified leadership of the central government. As a result, there are significant advantages in terms of decision-making and implementation.
The administrative units are under the unified jurisdiction of the state, the local government is more dependent on the central government, and the whole country is more cohesive, so the possibility of each province striving for independence and separation will be greatly reduced.
This also enables the various organs of the state to operate smoothly and in an orderly manner, play their due role, and also concentrate manpower and material resources to conform to the country's decision-making and strategic position. For example, the administrative efficiency of our country is relatively high, which is also a major advantage of our national system.
Next, let's look at the United States, because of the implementation of federalism, the administrative efficiency of the US government is relatively low. Federalism, on the other hand, stipulates that each member has its own independent constitution and laws and exercises jurisdiction within its own jurisdiction.
However, the federation also has federal laws, and the constitution and laws of the federation take precedence over the local constitutions and laws. And in international exchanges, they are often carried out in the name of the Federation. In the vast majority of federal countries, each member unit does not have the right to directly enter into diplomatic relations with a foreign country.
So, in fact, under the federal system, the various administrative units are given "constitutional power". This also led to a significant increase in the independence of each Member State.
From the point of view of the problems of the federal government and the Texas government, due to the increase in the independence of the Texas government, it has gradually broken away from the control of the federal government, which is of course due to the historical factors of Texas' struggle for independence, but in the end, it is the characteristics of federalism that make people think deeply.
«——【·Epilogue·】——»
Now, the U.S. election is in full swing, and Trump, who is on the same side as Texas, has also won the primaries in two states, which is even more of a challenge for the Biden administration. We don't know where Texas will go in the future, so we'll see...
It is impossible to explore the way out of the Texas problem, whether the Texas government bows directly to the federal government, or the federal government allows Texas to become independent.
The most reasonable solution for the two sides is to find a common way out, find common ground of common interests, and eliminate differences. This is not only a method and basic principle for solving domestic problems and international exchanges, but also a measure for our daily interpersonal communication and handling of contradictions.
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Resources:
1. Texas defected from Mexico, which happened 173 years ago.2018-12-29 10:50.
2. U.S. media: Texas governor criticized Biden for ignoring the requirements of fulfilling his constitutional duties on immigration, and 25 governors supported Texas.2024-01-28 11:30·Global.com."Today's Headlines"
3. Armed confrontation between Texas and the U.S. government!Trump "adds fuel to the fire".2024-01-29 10:16·Nanyang Political and Legal Affairs."Today's Headlines"