Semaglutide can be taken orally and is beneficial for diabetics, but what about weight loss?

Semaglutide is a drug used to treat type 2 diabetes, belonging to the insulin secretagogue class of drugs, which is famous as an Internet celebrity weight loss drug.

On January 26, 2024, according to the news released by the National Medical Products Administration, semaglutide tablets (trade name "Novo Xin") developed and produced by Novo Nordisk have been approved by the National Medical Products Administration and officially launched in the Chinese market. This marks Novoxin as the world's first approved oral glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist for the treatment of adult type 2 diabetes. This breakthrough opens up a new treatment option for people with type 2 diabetes, especially for those seeking non-injectable treatments. What about oral weight loss?

pharmachologic effect

Semaglutide mimics the action of human incretin peptide (GLP-1), which can increase the sensitivity of pancreatic islet β cells to glucose and promote insulin secretion. At the same time, it also inhibits the secretion of glucagon, slows down gastric emptying, and lowers postprandial blood sugar levels. In addition, semaglutide can reduce appetite and help with weight control.

Indications

The oral formulation of semaglutide is mainly used for glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, and is not currently approved for weight loss. It is often used in combination with other oral glucose-lowering drugs, such as metformin, for better blood sugar control.

Dosage

Oral semaglutide 3mg, 7mg, and 14mg have been approved by the FDA for type 2 diabetes. Initially, a lower dose may be started and titrated gradually depending on the patient's glycemic control.

Adverse effects

Possible adverse effects of semaglutide include gastrointestinal reactions such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation, and loss of appetite. Most gastrointestinal reactions occur early in treatment and gradually lessen as treatment continues. In addition, symptoms of hypoglycemia may occur, especially when combined with other glucose-lowering drugs.

Blood sugar control and weight loss not only rely on medication, but also require patients to make corresponding adjustments and changes in their daily lives. Here are some important things to note:

Dietary modifications

1. Balanced diet: Maintain a balanced diet with plenty of vegetables, whole grains, high-quality protein, and healthy fats.
2. Limit sugar and refined carbohydrates: Reduce your intake of foods such as sugary drinks, desserts, and white bread to lower blood sugar fluctuations.
3. Control meal sizes: Help reduce food intake by controlling plate size, using small utensils, or learning the right portion sizes.

Increase physical activity

1. Exercise regularly: At least 150 minutes a week of moderate-intensity exercise (such as brisk walking, cycling, or swimming).
2. Daily activities: Increase the amount of daily activities, such as taking stairs instead of elevators, walking, or doing household chores.
3. Strength training: Do strength training two or more times a week to increase metabolic rate and muscle mass.

Lifestyle adjustments

1. Get enough sleep: Get 7-9 hours of quality sleep every night.
2. Stress reduction: Manage stress through meditation, deep breathing, yoga, or other relaxation techniques.
3. Quit smoking and limit alcohol: Both smoking and excessive alcohol consumption can affect blood sugar control and weight management.

Regular monitoring

1. Blood glucose monitoring: Monitor your blood sugar levels regularly and adjust your diet and exercise plan as recommended by your doctor.
2. Physical indicators: Regularly check indicators such as weight, blood pressure, and blood lipids to evaluate the effectiveness of treatment and make adjustments accordingly.

Education and support

1. Diabetes Education: Participate in diabetes self-management education and support programs to learn about the disease and self-management skills.
2. Seek support: Join a diabetes support group or seek support from family and friends to face treatment and life challenges together.

Combined with medication and the lifestyle modifications described above, blood sugar levels can be effectively controlled, weight loss can be promoted, and quality of life can be improved.