At the beginning of the 20th century, an exciting archaeological discovery unraveled a scientific question that has long debated among historians – who was the master of India's ancient civilization. With the discovery and excavation of the ancient cities of Harappa and Mohenjo Daro, the fog was finally lifted, and history, with its irrefutable truth, announced to the world that it was the black-skinned indigenous people, the Dravidians, who created the splendid civilization of India's ancient times, not the invading Aryans. The Indus Valley is one of the cradles of world civilization.
Brilliant Harappan culture
These two ancient city ruins, along with other ancient urban cultural sites discovered in the Indus Valley since then, are spread over a vast area of about 1,500 kilometers from east to west and about 1,100 kilometers to the south, and historians refer to them as the Harappan culture. Among these ancient cities, the cities of Motingzo Daro and Harappa are the most large.
From the excavations of the ruins, people were amazed to see the extraordinary power of the ancient Dravidian tea people to make history.
The two ancient cities were built in roughly the same shape and had a circumference of more than three miles. Among them, Mohenjo Daro covers an area of 260 hectares and consists of two parts: the Acropolis and the Lower City. The Acropolis is surrounded by towering towers. The city has large baths, large granaries, spacious conference halls, and many other public buildings. In addition to this, there are wide avenues, well-placed alleys, a complete drainage system and elaborate water wells. These show the meticulous design and high level of technology of the ancient Dravidian people when they built the city.
There are also all kinds of agricultural production implements and handicraft tools left in the city; agricultural products include cotton, wheat, dates, melons and fruits; domestic animals and poultry have been widely domesticated, and the varieties include buffalo, sheep, camels, dogs, horses, chickens, etc., and industrial products include plain pottery, painted pottery, yarn, cloth, and bronze utensils. Most notably, the relics also found a seal engraved with a rhinoceros and a large number of stone codes. From the comparison, we know that the Dravidians had mastered the rules of calculating the decimal system at that time, and the basic unit of weight was 0.86 kilograms. The fragment of a ruler made of shells with intricate scales and the discovery of ships in the city led to the belief that commerce had developed on the basis of a considerable development of agriculture and handicrafts. Many merchants gathered in the city to conduct business and trade with foreign countries.
Among the unearthed cultural relics, there are a large number of exquisite works of art, figurines, bone carvings, paintings, among which there are many amulet seals, amounting to more than 2,000. What is refreshing is the animal image and text symbol on the seal, according to statistics, there are nearly 400 or so, there are human figures, fish shapes, foot shapes, table shapes, etc., although they have not been accurately identified so far, but people have reason to judge that the level of culture and art at that time has reached a very high level.
In short, Mohenjo Daro in ancient times was a thriving and beautiful city. It also shows that around 2500 BC, the Indian subcontinent region had entered the early state phase. The city was perhaps the capital of the rulers of the time.
The sudden destruction of Mohenjo Darrow
Although this prosperity has lasted for centuries, it has only been seen by historians as a fleeting moment. By 1750 B.C., the Harappan culture had suddenly declined, and many parts of the Indus Valley had been devastated, especially Mohenjo Daro. In addition to the burned remnants of the excavation, the streets and alleys were littered with the bones of men, women and children, and the city was reduced to ruins, known as the Hill of Death.
How did Motingzo Darrow come to earth? This has become an important subject for archaeologists to explore.
It was assumed that it was the result of drastic changes and struggles from within. But there seems to be a lack of convincing scientific evidence. It has also been suggested that the Aryan invasion was the basic cause of this process of destruction. Although this view is supported by archaeological evidence, it is likely that the Baloch tribes, the tribes of the neighboring Iran, or the neighboring tribes of the Indus Valley civilization were all involved in this process. Archaeological evidence proves that they did invade the area. However, which tribe entered the region first, and who was the creator of this "heroic act"? There is not even a vague image of the historical facts and the myths and legends of the tribes involved in this process.
Through long-term exploration and research by scientists, this historical mystery has been solved. It turned out to be destroyed by a massive explosion and fire. The force of the explosion destroyed not only all buildings within a kilometer radius of the ancient city, but also the devastating killing of people and animals walking in the streets and staying at home. It was natural disasters that destroyed this prosperous and beautiful ancient city.
Scientists have confirmed that this huge explosive force comes from the dual action of electromagnetic fields and cosmic rays in the atmosphere. Very active chemical particles in the air, which lead to the generation of aerosols and quickly accumulate to occupy a wide space, forming spheres of different sizes. Some of these physicochemical spheres are called "cold spheres". It is a dark and opaque "black lightning" that has never burned. Some are "shiny" spheres that are lemon yellow or white in bright color.
The above phenomenon has occurred many times since ancient times, and in the chronicles of the pharaoh Thutmose III during the New Kingdom of ancient Egypt, there is a record of a bright fireball appearing in the sky on the morning of the third month of winter 22. The ancient Greco-Romans also described this phenomenon many times.
Black or white spheres of different sizes form in the atmosphere and produce highly toxic substances that quickly poison the air. Mohenjo · The inhabitants of Darrow, who were roughly tormented by the poisonous air, experienced a violent explosion that wiped them out, along with the civilization they had created.
The destruction of the Mohenjo Daro civilization is vaguely mentioned in the ancient Indian epic Mahabharata: the poem describes "thunder" and "smokeless fires", "earth-shattering explosions", and the tragic scene of boiling rivers and swimming fish boiling in the heat.
Science has finally solved this historical mystery for the time being. But is there a new explanation? There is no end to scientific exploration, and what we have drawn is only a temporary period.