The important position of physical factors in disease prevention and treatment has been valued by successive generations of doctors. The physique concept of zhang Xichun, a famous doctor in modern times, has been used in clinical practice, and the language is not vain, the connotation is very rich, and it has considerable reference value.
Constitution and morbidity
The righteous qi of the human body, that is, the ability to resist disease, belongs to the category of physique and is undoubtedly righteous. The Inner Classics "Righteous qi exists within, evil cannot be done"; "Where evil is gathered, its qi will be empty", that is, from the overall macroscopic perspective, the internal connection between constitution and onset is revealed.
Zhang Xichun paid special attention to the two aspects of spleen and stomach function and yuan qi in zhengqi. He said: "The spleen and stomach are the foundation of the day after tomorrow, and they can be able to spend all their lives." Spleen and stomach are strong, more digestion diet, then the whole body is naturally strong, how have you ever seen more drinking and eating, and the sick and paralyzed? "Those who have never treated leg pain and back pain, wind and cold and wet paralysis, or blood stasis, stagnation, sputum and saliva stagnation... Since the experience of the Foolish Witness, there are very few people who know the vitality and vitality, but there are very few people who have received this disease. "Although the causative factors are the same, after the onset of the disease, the clinical symptoms are different, and the physical factors are also caused." This is the center of gravity that Zhang Shi focuses on. He said: "The external sensation of the person, always regard the endowment of the human body as a transfer, like the epidemic of the times, the sick person or the same room, at the same time, and the disease is cold, hot, or very different." Those who cover people's internal organs are known for heat accumulation, and those who feel it are very beneficial to the heat; those who are known for having cold, and those who feel the cold are even more beneficial to the cold. For example, Shaoyang disease: "People who have accumulated heat in their guts and occasionally suffer from external sensations can be bitter, upset, cold and hot." "Mortals have less yang disease, before they are sick, the liver and gallbladder are always uncomfortable, the wood disease insults the soil, and the spleen and stomach are always disturbed by it." Guizhi Tang proved: "Nai Wei Qi is weak and cannot guard his camp, and the wind of external sensation penetrates the guard and enters the camp... The reason why his defensive qi could not be guarded was actually due to the weakness of the atmosphere in his chest. Another example is the warm disease: "Those who are sick and warm have heat in many lines." "He who does not hide his essence in winter will have a yin and void, and the heat he generates accumulates in the internal organs, and he is bound by the external sensations and is launched, and he who contains real heat is the same." ”
From Zhang Xichun's extensive exposition on the relationship between constitution and pathogenesis, it is not difficult to summarize the two basic views he adheres to: one is that the pathogenesis or not depends on the strength of the physique, and the other is that the characteristics of the syndrome are determined by the type of physique.
Constitution and treatment
The intrinsic link between constitution and treatment is an inseparable part of the dialectical theory of treatment, which should arouse sufficient attention from doctors. Zhang Xichun has accumulated rich experience in this field, which can broaden the horizon and enlighten people's minds.
1. Those with strong physique, just medicine is easy to work.
Zhang Shi "once ruled a teenager, and the side of the neck was a fistula, which was as big as an eggplant." The upper ear is connected, and the lower part is the missing basin. Seeking medical treatment, taking a hundred doses of medicine, can not guarantee that it will be cured... However, his people are very strong, eat a lot, and when they have three meals a day, they first use rice soup to serve calcined oyster fine minced for seven or eight dollars, and there is no mustard in January. ”
He also treated a young man, hot to the brain, the top of the head seemed to be swollen, sometimes dizzy, the treatment was ineffective for more than a year. "His veins are slippery, his diet is as usual, and his body is not weak," "He used raw plaster to finely chop four or two, and boiled water as tea." "A total of six or seven pounds, the heat of the upward rush is light."
2. Those with weak physique can also make up for external sensations.
If typhoid fever, warm disease and evil qi are on the table, or those who are both on the table, they should be sweated and relieved. Zhang experienced that if "those who are weak in gas can use the medicine of tonic qi to help them sweat" (such as ephedra soup plus astragalus); "those who are weak in yin, they can use the medicine of yin to help sweating" (such as ephedra soup plus yam and northern sand ginseng); "The yang and yin are weak, and it is advisable to supplement their yin and yang to help sweating." ”
When the pulse is slightly weaker when using xiaoqinglong soup, it will be followed by a tonic after taking it, or add ginseng to the soup. Another example is "His true yin is too bad to support the heat of external sensations, and in the cold and warm medicine, boldly and maturely to nourish the true yin, he can always save people's lives in an instant." ”
3. The physique is different, and the prescription medicine must be changed.
Zhang Shi emphasized: "Man's endowment is transferred with the vaporization of heaven and earth, and the gasification of ancient and modern times may be different, then the endowments of today's people and ancients, their strength and weakness, thickness and thickness, are not without differences when they are yin and yang, are used in the ancient way today, and it is better to change the addition and subtraction according to the conditions of the times." ”
For example, the great chengqi soup is hot and hot, and Zhongjing clearly states that its pulse is late. Zhang Shi believes: "This is the vein of the sick person's strong body and the abundance of yin", "It is rare for such a vein to be so vivid in today's great qi soup". If its pulse is not counted later, or if the hot pulse is weak, it must be considered. For example, the meaning of imitating the stomach qi soup, no citrus fruit, thick and simple, "plus raw ochre fine end five or six dollars, its attack force does not reduce the large gas soup original fang, and compared to the original side of the actual use of the more secure also." ”
Another example is Zhang's self-proposed "Liquan Drink" to cure fever, or wheezing or coughing, and the pulse number is weak, "If the person feels shortness of breath in his chest, or the stool is easy to slip and diarrhea." And when preventing its atmosphere from sinking, when drinking with liquan springs, it is advisable to reduce ochre and burdock seeds; and all suzi, pudding, aster, almonds, cough and asthma set medicine are not suitable for use. ”
Another example is Zhang's treatment of malaria, although it uses chai hu as the main medicine, but also distinguishes in detail different types of physiques such as yin deficiency, dry heat, and qi deficiency. "There are those who cure malaria by foolishness, and those who cure it by reusing raw land and ripe land; those who reuse raw plaster and know their mothers to cure it; and those who reuse ginseng and qi to cure it."
To treat edema, it is also necessary not to distinguish the physique, and to use a prescription medicine to reduce swelling. "If the person is plain and weak, so that the urination is unfavorable and the edema accumulates, it is advisable to reuse the cooked yellow halves and fry it with the grass root."
4. If you want to be sick quickly, make sure that the spleen and stomach are healthy.
Gaiyin "after the genius of the nagu is a treasure, no matter what the disease, where the diet gradually increases after taking the medicine, it is easy to treat, and the diet is gradually reduced. ”
Zhang's treatment of leg pain, low back pain, diet reduction, with "Zhenzhong soup". Fang Zhong "reuses white techniques to strengthen the spleen and stomach, and the spleen and stomach are gasified and self-energized." ”
Cure the collapse: "A woman who was bleeding from menstruation was ineffective for more than ten years, and her situation was extremely dangerous... Know that its spleen and stomach are weak... Therefore, one or two white techniques were added to the blood medicine, one or two gold in raw chickens, and one dose of blood was taken to stop. ”
For those who cannot dissolve saprophytic muscles after the ulcer is broken, it is necessary not to rush to throw eight treasures and ten complete soup without discerning the physique, "If these medicines are taken by people who encounter yang deficiency, if they are not yin deficiency or both hypothermia, even if they take several doses, they are dissatisfied with the sweltering heat, and the diet is reduced... And those who cure sores want to make muscles grow quickly, shilling diet and diet, and they want to grow trees and first cut their roots. ”
The abuse of warm supplements is harmful, but if the opposite is done, "if it is used together with cracking and cold, although the spleen and stomach are strong, they must not be taken for a long time, and this is especially harmful." ”
5, the internal organs as a whole, attack and supplement the expensive.
In this regard, Zhang Shi has a passage of whiplash into the inside: "The internal organs of people are penetrated in one breath, and if the camps are connected, they are each other's horns." If one place is attacked, it can be saved elsewhere. Therefore, it is advisable to use medicine to attack the disease, and it is advisable to examine the place where the root of the disease is gathered, and use the medicine of the evidence to specialize in its place. That is, if there are occasional injuries to the qi and blood in his place, the qi and blood of his internal organs can still be injected for it, and it is also connected to the camp to save each other. And add tonics to think that it is to use evil to remove righteousness without harm. ”
For example, If Zhang uses "Li Chong Tang" to treat women's menstrual amenorrhea, or postpartum lochia is inexhaustible, and those who are married to fistulas, Fang Zhong "uses three ridges and curcuma to eliminate the stasis of blood, and even if ginseng and qi medicines are used to protect qi and blood, then the blood is stasis and the blood is not damaged." And ginseng and qi can replenish qi, and if the three edges and the curcuma technique are circulated, they will make up for it without stagnation, and the yuan qi will become more and more vigorous. Since the Vitality is strong, the more it can encourage the power of the Three Ridges and the Curcuma technique to eliminate the fistula..." Those who do not know this Three Ambiguities, "Only mixed and broken... It's a mess. ”
Looking at Zhang's theory of treating many diseases, all of them are based on accurate dialectics and the study of the overall self-stability regulation function of the internal organs, and they are skillful in selecting exquisite and specialized macros, and attacking the appropriate prescription drugs. This is the essence of Zhang's physique treatment experience, empty valley foot sound, worthy of our deep thinking!
Author/Yu Guojun
