#时事热点头条说#
Saudi Arabia has discovered a world-class gold mine that stretches 125 kilometers and is estimated to be worth 50 trillion yuan. This is really a person sitting at home, and the money comes from the sky, making the already rich Saudi family even richer. Saudi Arabia has shown the world that a country can really flourish without hard work or struggle, just by mining. But how did Saudi Arabia come to be? Why was the Saudi family able to rule the entire Arabian Peninsula in the Middle East, where wars are frequent and princes are vying for hegemony? Today, Yilin would like to talk to you about the history of the Saudi family.
In this world, there is no kind of wealth that can be obtained without struggle. The wealth of the Saudi family today comes from the bloody struggle of the Saudi ancestors. In the 18th century, the Arabian Peninsula was still a nomadic civilization, with no oil and no advanced industry. The chieftains of the major tribes fought each other, and there was not even a clear border line. This is an era of winning and losing.
The Saud family ruled over a tiny agricultural tribe called Diriyyah, located 16 kilometers north of present-day Riyadh. The Arabian Peninsula is dominated by deserts, with a hot climate and severe water shortages, and agriculture cannot develop at all. At the same time, China corresponded to the prosperous era of Kang Yongqian, with a population of more than 100 million, an economic prosperity, and a land area of 13 million square kilometers, which represented the heyday of China's feudal dynasty.
But Saudi Arabia is still in the era of slave tribes, with a sparse population and backward civilization. The House of Saud was in a remote corner and was succeeded by Ibn Saud in 1726 after the death of the old chief Shat al-Muqrin. He is the founder of the First Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. His greatest contribution to Saudi Arabia was the introduction of "Wahhabi" ultra-conservative Islam. The "Wahhabi" faction opposed the cult of saints and destroyed the "tombs of saints", which was conducive to strengthening the royal power. It advocates a simple, simple life and a "holy war" against the unbelievers. Under this concept, Saudi Arabia has established a religious army with firm will, unity of faith, and strong combat effectiveness.
As a result, Saudi Arabia embarked on the path of "theocracy" and established the First Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. With the help of the religious army, Saudi Arabia began to expand abroad, defeating Uyaina and Riyadh successively, and unifying the central region of the Arabian Peninsula. The House of Saud rose from a small and insignificant sheikh to a prominent prince on the Arabian Peninsula.
After the death of Ibn Saud, his son Aziz succeeded to the throne and continued the war in the north and south, taking the eastern part of the Arabian Peninsula, invading Iraq and Syria in the north, attacking Bahrain, Oman, and Yemen in the south, and breaking the holy city of Mecca in the west. But the Saudi lord Aziz was assassinated by a Persian in a mosque.
As soon as Aziz died, his eldest son succeeded to the throne, belonging to three generations of sheikhs of the First Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. He succeeded his grandfather and father by the name of Saud ibn Aziz, and we will call him Ibn Aziz. This is a hot-blooded young man who, as soon as he succeeded to the throne, stormed Iraq. As a result, Egypt sent troops from the west, and the entire western part of the Arabian Peninsula, the holy cities of Medina and Mecca, fell into Egyptian hands, and Ibn Aziz died of grief. The Egyptian army marched eastward, besieging Diriyyah, the capital of the First Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
The Saudis could not withstand the onslaught of Egypt and surrendered Kaesong. Because Egypt was a province of the Ottoman Empire at that time, after Egypt captured the Saudi king, it was sent to Istanbul and handed over to the Ottoman Empire for execution, and the first kingdom of Saudi Arabia was destroyed. Although the country is gone, the House of Saud is still strong. They went into exile, raised the banner of restoration, and under the leadership of Ibn Saud's grandson Turki, they drove out the Egyptian army, successfully restored the country, and established the second kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Because of the city of Longxing in Saudi Arabia, Diriyah has been destroyed. Turki moved the capital to Riyadh, and from then on, Riyadh became the supreme center of royal power for the House of Saud. Through Turki's efforts, the Saud family reunited the eastern part of the Arabian Peninsula and made expeditions to Bahrain and Oman. But during his expedition to Bahrain, his cousin Misari staged a coup d'état and assassinated Turki. Turki's son Faisal led another attack on Riyadh, defeated Mishari, and regained the throne.
From this point on, the Second Kingdom of Saudi Arabia was locked in a battle for royal power. Egypt took the opportunity to intervene, and the uncles and nephews of the Saudi family took turns to play, comparable to the Eight Kings Rebellion during the Jin Dynasty in China. You sang and I appeared, the throne took turns, and finally the fruit was picked by the powerful ministers Rashid family. The Rashid family became the de facto rulers of the second kingdom of Saudi Arabia, and Saudi Arabia became Rashid Arabia for a time. Once again, the Saud family began their life in exile.
But if you have more children, it is good. After the Saudi family destroyed the country twice in a row, another male lord emerged: Saudi Aziz. He turned the tide and helped the building to fall. The 27-year-old Saud Aziz led 40 dead men to infiltrate Riyadh and assassinate Ajlan, the lord of the Rashid family, and regained control of Riyadh in one fell swoop.
In Riyadh, Saud Aziz rebuilt the Third Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and restored his grandfather's name: Ibn Saud. After gaining the support of the Ottoman Empire, Ibn Saud rebuilt the religious army and named it "Ikhwani". This is the earliest National Guard of the Saudi family, which is only under the orders of the king and is willing to go to the trouble for the Saudi family.
With this army, and the support of the Ottoman Empire, the House of Saud swept through the Rashid family, doubling its territory. Later, when World War I broke out, Britain strongly supported the expansion of the Saud family in order to mess up the backyard of the Ottoman Empire. In 1925, Saudi Arabian forces stormed the holy city of Mecca for the third time, abolishing the dominance of the "holy family" Hashemite family over Mecca. The Hashemite family is the direct lineage of the "sage" Muhammad's family, which is equivalent to the abolition of Zhou Tianzi by the king of Qin.
The House of Saud officially became the strongest royal family on the Arabian Peninsula. But soon, there was a conflict between the royal power and the clerical power. Because of the expanding territory, Saudi Arabia is not only Wahhabis, but also Shiites and traditional Sunnis. The "Ikhwani" religious army wants to promote Wahhabi throughout Saudi Arabia and purge Shiites and traditional Sunnis. But for the Saudi royal family, the Wahhabis are only an instrument of domination and expansion, and must not be above the royal power. As a result, a war broke out between the Saudi monarchy and the Wahhabi clergy.
The Saudi army is armed with all Makqin machine guns, while the "Ikhwani" religious army adheres to tradition and charges the Saudis on camels. This battle is regarded as the last battle of the camel cavalry in the history of mankind. Under the frenzied strafing fire of the Maxim machine guns, the two sides fought for only an hour, and the "Ikhwani" religious army was completely defeated. The House of Saud was able to unify the Arabian Peninsula and changed its name to "Saudi Arabia".
It is also because of the victory in this battle that the Saudi family holds the supreme royal power, and the divine power can only serve the royal power and become a vassal of the royal power.
What we see today is that the Saudi royal family is lying on top of oil, rich and flowing. What is not visible is the bloody struggle of the Saudi royal family from generation to generation. Three times the state was founded, and it was destroyed twice, but it still stands. Why does the Saudi royal family love to have children?
Because without a strong bloodline, there would be no strong Saudi kingdom.