Simultaneous translation of a sentence that is super scared:
"In China, there is an old saying,......"
And even more terrifying than this sentence is:
"In China, there is an idiom ,......"
An idiom, too much information,
It allows Chinese to speak and write,
Encrypted "hyperlinks" can be inserted at any time,
Understand the second to understand, there is a lot of truth in the four words,
Instantly connected to thousands of years of Chinese civilization,
The use of idioms is simply unique to the Chinese
“跩（zhuǎi）”词至高境界！
So, as far as the idiom category is concerned,
Where and who in China
What about the most "lame" words?
Handan, Hebei
The most authentic specialty is the idiom
The title of "the capital of Chinese idioms", if Handan does not accept it, no other city will dare to accept it.
Handan City is located at the southern end of Hebei Province, the eastern foot of the Taihang Mountains, the west of the Taihang Mountains, the east of the North China Plain, and the Jin, Shandong, Henan provinces border, more than 2,000 years ago in the Warring States Period (475 BC - 221 BC), Handan was the capital of the Zhao State.
The majestic Taihang stretches on the border of Shanxi and Hebei provinces
It spans Shijiazhuang, Xingtai, Handan and other regions
Source: China National Geographic 2015 Issue 02
Photo by Li Haitao
And today, more than 2,000 years later, no one may be able to tell which river the boat is carved to ask for a sword, but many people know that the story of the guilt of Jing pleaded happened in Handan.
Handan was once a "super first-line metropolis" that countless people yearn for, and its name has not been changed for more than 3,000 years - and the classic story of Lian Po and Lin Xiangru's "Will Harmony", as well as a number of wonderful idioms and allusions, have also been compressed and embedded between the four characters, and have not changed from generation to generation for more than 2,000 years.
Source: Ministry of Culture and Tourism
The Dictionary of Chinese Idioms contains more than 20,000 idioms, including more than 1,500 idioms related to Zhao and Handan.
Handan toddler, complete return to Zhao, Mao Sui self-recommended...... These popular idioms and allusions are all from Handan.
Handan Jize self-recommended pavilion
Jize was once the hometown of Mao Sui during the Warring States period
The legend of Handan began in 386 BC, when the Zhao State moved its capital to Handan -
Since then, the social economy here has developed rapidly, and people's lives have become better, so good that there is a "Handan toddler":
A Yan country person heard that Handan people walk in a beautiful posture (there is also a saying, "step" refers to "dance steps"), so they went to Zhao to "study", specializing in walking, but the result is not good at learning, and they forget their original steps, and finally climb back to Yan country.
Handan Wuling Cong Tai
Zhao lived a rich life, and Pingyuan Jun, the son of King Wuling of Zhao and one of the four princes of the Warring States Period, was the country's "first person to create idioms", and he and his three thousand diners, including Mao Sui, almost weaved a "Handan idiom universe";
In addition, the great Confucian scholar Kong Chuan, and Gongsun Long, the ancestor of logic, also launched a heated discussion of "white horses and non-horses" in the Pingyuan Junjia, creating a vast sophistry that spanned thousands of years.
邯郸广府古城，也叫永年古城
It used to be the fief of Mao Sui in the "Mao Sui Self-Recommendation".
In the more than 100 years that it has been the capital of Zhao, Handan has witnessed countless histories. And people use idioms to record the pioneering spirit of King Zhao Wuling, the wisdom and courage of Lian Po Li Mu, and the self-recommendation of Mao Sui......
With the passage of time and the changes of the city, idioms have always been the essence of Chinese culture, and of course, they have also condensed the millennium years of Handan.
The old Handan railway station before demolition
The sculpture in the square is Zhao Wuling, Wang Hufu riding and shooting
Speaking of idioms alone, there is no stronger place than Handan.
Therefore, it doesn't seem to be interesting to compare like this, Handan is dominant, and now the conditions are relaxed - four-character dialects and four-character idioms that look like "idioms" are also counted!
The biggest difference between these words and idioms is that there are no allusions, and the source is generally not examinable, but they are also the same as idioms, which have been passed down for thousands of years, and have also "connotated" for thousands of years.
The "idioms" of the Northeast
Say "live".
It is winter in Yanbian, Jilin, but the cute little sable does not hibernate
(※Note: The "idioms" in quotation marks in this part are not real idioms, but only four-word words commonly used in dialects, please do not confuse) ·
The aborigines of the Northeast are a fusion of the Jurchen, Mongolian, Manchu, Oroqen, Evenki, Hezhe and other ethnic minorities, and the biggest characteristic of these ethnic minorities is that they are rough, bold and straightforward, which makes the Northeast people able to use words neatly and full of imagination even in daily chatter.
M: I want to give you the whole world.
F: Then you can do it!
A map to understand the distribution of ethnic minorities in the mainland
Source: China National Geographic 2010 Issue 08
They are born to know how to use onomatopoeia, easily bring the atmosphere of a sentence to the climax, and make the sentence suddenly explode in the air like a monkey -
ba ba, pia pia, ka ka, extremely strong chest resonance, not only listening to the stimulation has a sense of picture, but also by the way to the "keyframe" of a sentence dubbed sound.
Q: What do you say about the female duck in Northeast dialect?
Answer: Lady quack.
Then, when they use the unique four-character "idiom", the atmosphere of the conversation will instantly "unfold the field", inexplicably vivid-
"吭哧瘪肚"
(Described as strengering, strenuous and unpleasant)
"Water urinary soup"
(Describe a lot of water, very thin)
"Flowing with the River"
(Described as following the crowd)
"Yang Erzheng"
(Doing things is not brainy, or casual and not doing business)
"Mao Stunned Three Lights"
(unstable work),
"Anxious White Face"
(Irritable, hurried)
"Broken Horse Zhang Fei"
(The formation is large, the wind is hot)......
Confide in the fight
(Backtracking, no beginning and no end)
"Dripping garlic hanging"
(There is no regular drip of a slurr)
"Reverse Tiangang"
(Contrary to Heavenly Principles)
Zaozhuang, Shandong, is drying in the shade of the "five ridges and six beasts" body
In addition to the Northeast, "five ridges and six beasts" in Beijing, Shandong often also said, the original meaning is a kind of ancient building decoration, five ridges, refers to the main ridge and four vertical ridges, on the five ridges placed six kinds of artificial beasts (one at each end of the ridge) collectively referred to as "five ridges and six beasts". In speech, it describes scratching ears and cheeks, helpless, helpless, unrelenting, arrogant and showing off, and upset.
Everyone who has experienced the "idioms" of the Northeast seems to have forgotten the real idioms, and even temporarily forgot their own native pronunciation.
Therefore, when people in the Northeast are chatting with you, they are not talking to you, but they are dancing with your thinking and completing divine friendship by speaking.
Look at the picture to guess the "idiom" ↓
Answer: "Yang Erzheng", four uplifts and eight forks, "seven-foot click", horns, "broken horse Zhang Fei", "anxious head and white face", "half a piece", "urgent turn"
Source: Zhihu @ Tian Gaogao
Puhe, Shenyang, Liaoning
To say that the strongest Northeast accent is Liaoning
The closest to Mandarin is Heilongjiang
Jilin is somewhere in between
The preciousness of the Northeast dialect
It's also that they all think
I have to say it in Mandarin -
Even if he is the Liaoning with the strongest accent
Distribution map of the official dialect in Northeast China
Heilongjiang and Jilin dialects are the flavor of big ballast
(Large corn kernels)
Dalian, oyster flavor
(Dalian people call oysters oysters)
Shenyang dialect, borage and cabbage;
(A bittersweet and sweet wild vegetable suitable for dipping sauce)
Source: Chinese Heritage 2017 Issue 07
As soon as the people of the Northeast speak, we are not afraid.
In ancient times, out of Shanhaiguan, it was a vast wilderness, all kinds of uncertain futures, tigers, leopards and jackals, it was not easy to live, and it was not easy to use the simple form of language of "chattering" to get fun and psychological satisfaction, and the long night was also shortened.
Source: TV series "Breaking through the East"
Over time, generations have spent countless years refining the most appropriate language, tone and rhythm, and that tone has white mountains, black water, severe cold, fierce beasts, bandits, and even thousands of miles away from home, but in the end, they all laughed and talked about each other, just that, just that.
Northeast people, can be regarded as understanding the nagging, the essence of the "Northeast Renaissance" turned out to be the Northeast people's nagging.
in Sichuan
Everyone is an old genius of "earthy idioms".
Chongqing Huguang Hall is located on the edge of the Yangtze River
It is the product of the tide of immigrants in the Ming and Qing dynasties
Nowadays, the Sichuan dialect was formed during the great migration period of "Huguang filling Sichuan", and today, most of the Sichuan people are descendants of Huguang filling Sichuan.
It is also because of this wave of immigration that Sichuan culture has formed an inclusive and open atmosphere, and it has given birth to many Sichuan "idioms" of "Ba Shi Deban", which also reflects the comfort of people's life after entering Shu.
Sanxingdui bronze standing statue
At least 3,800 years ago, the ancient Shu people living in the Chengdu Plain began to pursue a comfortable life, worshiping the sun and sacred birds, hoping that they could also fly into immortals.
Sichuan "idioms" have a perception of life, from gods and ghosts ("ghosts and sun-eye"), yin and yang five elements ("frightening wind and fire", "liver meridian and fire"), life and death ("immortal banban"), and as small as daily diet and field daily life ("salt and taste").
"Ripping and flirting" in the ending song of the TV series "Neighborhood"
It has the meaning of messing around
Four words summarize the flavors of life:
For example, Sichuan Zigong still retains the ancient method of hand-making salt, and "salt" is the first of all kinds of flavors, in people's impression, although Sichuan cuisine has a hundred dishes and a hundred flavors, but in the face of saltiness is also secondary.
Therefore, "salt and taste", this well-known "idiom" in Sichuan, can not only describe the food as delicious, but also later like a real idiom, which leads to the meaning of praise and fun, and vice versa, it is "no salt and no taste".
Zigong Shenhai Well, a famous well salt production area in Sichuan
Sichuan's "digitalization" hurts people:
"You are a man with eight forks, a drop is not square, and you talk five and six on weekdays, so that you can do a favor to the small family, and you don't hang five every day, how can you marry a mother-in-law." ”
Exegesis:
Men's octache
(i.e. the meaning of a big man, with derogatory and banter)
Boxy
(Described as square)
, tease, six
(Talking nonsense)
Koya Hachiji
(Poor manners, behavior, or clothing)
Two does not hang five
(untidy, unorthodox, unkempt)
Swipe to see more,
蜀地安逸，少不入川，老不出蜀
From the delicious and warm Sichuan cuisine
The bizarre Sichuan opera changes its face
Mahjong to the stream
All reflect that Sichuan people will taste life
"ACBC" structure:
Ba Xin Ba Liver
(Described as single-mindedness)
Hungry shrimp
(Describe the greedy mouth and gluttonous appearance of eating food)
Shake alive
(Unreliable, unstable)
火熛(biāo)火辣
(Like a fire, the wound hurts)
Passing through the pulse
(Critical, critical)
Nihema Nihema
(ABAB structure, described as half-drunk)
Hill Labyrinth Eye
(Eyes can only barely open, languishing)
Sichuan "idioms" are full of the lazy and leisurely life of a comfortable life, just as they often say, "Lao Tzu will not go to work tomorrow, it will be refreshing, and Ba Shi will be on the board~"
If it is said to be transparent, Sichuan people live the most transparently.
"Tongto" Chengdu
One of the few cities in China where you can directly see the snow-capped mountains
High-rise buildings and sister peaks in the same frame
There are so many interesting "idioms" in the dialect that I can't finish them for three days and three nights.
For example, Cantonese people want to "put a pig's cage in the water", which in Cantonese means that wealth is abundant and prosperous; Tianjin people say that you "see the line from all sides", which may praise you for doing things properly and thoughtfully, or they may think that you are sophisticated......
The classic "idiom" in the dialect, please also talk about it in the comment area!
Who is the "King of Idioms"?
The last one is more eye-catching than the king
If we put aside the geographical category and talk about a single person, who should be the "king of idioms" in Chinese history?
First of all, Wang Bo, a native of Shanxi, is definitely one of the seeded players.
Tengwang Pavilion after the rain
"Preface to the Pavilion of King Teng", the full text is only 773 words, but there are 42 idioms, and 37 dictionaries throughout the text.
Idioms that appear in the Preface to the Pavilion of King Teng
In front of Wang Bo's talent, Tang Gaozong sighed to himself: "Genius, genius, I am a genius of the Tang Dynasty!"
If it weren't for the jealousy of the talent, he fell into the water and died at a young age (the cause of death is to be verified), the "King of Idioms" may be him, and his status may not be inferior to Li Bai.
"The sunset and the lonely bird fly together, and the autumn water grows together in the sky", which makes China's largest freshwater lake, Poyang Lake in Jiangxi, beautiful for centuries.
Speaking of Li Bai, the silver saddle shines on the white horse, sassy like a meteor, whether it is the majestic breath of the Tang Dynasty or the water-like years of the young man here, it is all in his words.
It is said that there are more than 100 idioms related to Li Bai's active contributions and Li Bai.
The only existing handwritten handwriting of Li Bai "Balcony Post" ↓
The book reads: "The mountains are high and the waters are long, the objects are like tens of millions, there is no old pen, and the strong can be poor." On the eighteenth, I went to the balcony to read, too white. ”
Source: Chinese Heritage 2023 Issue 12
Then I want to say that Su Shi, a native of Sichuan, has contributed famous idioms such as life like a dream, tomorrow's yellow flower, and slush and claws, with more than 30 numbers, of course, including a true idiom that is not like an idiom -
It's squirming.
Lushan is like Qin Lake
The five-character idiom "the true face of Lushan" was also created by Su Shi
The grand debut should be Han Yu from Henan, he is an out-and-out "king of idioms", and he has contributed as many idioms
More than 300!
The last one to appear is as famous as Han Yu, but it is very different from the previous ones in terms of creating idioms, and it is even surprising -
Liu Zongyuan!
He single-handedly supported half of the Tang Dynasty's "regional blackness", and offended Sichuan, Hunan, Guizhou, Guangdong, and Jiangxi in one breath-
"粤犬barking snow",
Offended the people of Liangguang;
"Dog Barking Day"
offended the Sichuan people;
"Moose of the River"
offended the people of Jiangxi;
"Yong's Rat (non-idiom)"
Offended the Hunan people.
"Poor donkey skills"
(One theory is that Guizhou here is not only Guizhou, but the middle of Guizhou, including today's central and northern Guizhou Province, southern Chongqing, and northwestern Hunan; while Ji Xianlin believes that the "donkey of Guizhou" may have been invented by Liu Zongyuan, and the location may have been installed at random, so Guizhou "lay down the gun"!)
If you live in today's developed Internet, you really sweat for Mr. Liu, and I don't advocate this practice, so don't learn from him!
A thousand-year-old code, it's not bad
Idioms, just like the "instruction code" written into people's minds, are not bad for thousands of years, and can be called once, can make a variety of calculations, saving time and efficiency; even if it is deformed by modern people, fancy fusion, idioms can still shine.
For example, use "idioms" to describe Inner Mongolia -
"Sheep coal and local gas (raise eyebrows)"!
Inner Mongolia ranks first in the country in cashmere production (sheep);
between the output of raw coal and Shanxi Bozhong (coal);
Rare earth reserves account for 87% of China's reserves (soil);
It has the largest world-class natural gas field (gas) in mainland China;
Inner Mongolia Huolinhe open-pit coal mine
It was once "China's first modern open-pit coal mine"
For example, to describe a typical taste of Xinjiang -
"Cumin body"!
The mere four characters not only reflect the loneliness of going to a restaurant in Xinjiang alone, but also the unique atmosphere of "the excitement is theirs, and I have nothing (except a taste)" in the restaurant - and even makes you temporarily forget the idiom "alone".
Another example, some of the current hot stalks that look like "idioms" -
"Dinosaurs carry wolves",
will think of Yun Guichuan's brainwashing dialect,
"南mud北搓",
Thinking of a large number of southerners going to the northeast to take a bath,
"New York, Netherlands",
I thought of Henan Xinxiang in the mainland......
Henan Xinxiang Guo Liang hanging wall road
"Henan" is easy to pronounce as "Holland", and "Xinxiang" literally translates to "new York" in English, which means "New York, Netherlands"
The idiom is a "hot word on the Internet" that has been inherited in the mainland for thousands of years, and it is also a "hot stalk on the Internet" that people can still understand in seconds after thousands of years.
At the beginning of 2024, please use an idiom that you think is the most appropriate to describe your past 2023!
[References]
[1] "2021 Annual Report on the Development of the Coal Industry", China National Coal Association, March 5, 2022
[2] "The Capital of Chinese Idioms and Allusions", 1584 Related Idioms and Allusions, Ministry of Culture and Tourism, October 27, 2005
[3] "Qian Donkey Skills Poor", Chinanews.com, November 27, 2009
[4] "What You Don't Know About Guizhou|." Guizhou is purely a "lying gun" Guizhou Radio Network Television Station June 16, 2020
[5] Handan | It turns out that the specialty of this city is the idiom "That City" July 31, 2019
[6] "Sichuan People, Ordinary Idioms Little Genius", NetEase Upstream, April 22, 2020