Recent
Cases of respiratory infections remain high
Mycoplasma pneumonia and influenza are frequently on the hot search
Influenza A is the main cause of infection in humans and seasonal epidemics
However, in recent days, there has also been a slight resurgence of second-stream activities
Is the peak of influenza B infections coming?
How to deal with the attack of the second stream?
Many children have just happened to have influenza A and are infected with influenza B
In Hangzhou Children's Hospital, Zhejiang, the reporter learned that during this time, the temperature warmed up, the virus was relatively active, and the hospital's fever clinic maintained a high level of operation, with an average daily volume of more than 1,000.
"Most of them are respiratory diseases, mainly influenza A or B, but there are also a few adenoviruses, as well as respiratory syncytial virus and Mycoplasma pneumoniae infections. Zhao Wei, deputy director and deputy chief physician of the outpatient department of Hangzhou Children's Hospital, told reporters that the proportion of children diagnosed with influenza A has dropped from 30% to 20% recently, but influenza B has a significant upward trend, from the original 2% to 15%. ”
Source: Hangzhou Children's Hospital
According to the CCTV news client, according to the recent outpatient and emergency patient test results of Shanghai Children's Hospital, the total number of patients with influenza has not changed in recent times, but the proportion of influenza patients in outpatient and emergency departments has increased from less than 10% in early December to more than 40% in recent days. But in general, there are still more patients with influenza A than with influenza B.
Influenza is still predominantly influenza A
However, the proportion of stream B has increased
On December 21, 2023, the National Influenza Center released the "Influenza Surveillance Weekly Report" for the 50th week (December 11-17), which showed that the increase in the positive rate of influenza virus tests in southern provinces slowed down this week, while the northern provinces declined. This is the first time that the positive influenza detection rate has shown a downward trend after four consecutive weeks of increase.
In addition, although the positive detection rate of influenza-like cases in southern provinces has increased to 55.2% for 15 consecutive weeks, it has only increased by 1.1 percentage points in the 50th week compared with the 49th week, and the upward momentum has been greatly weakened. However, it is important to note that influenza B (B) has been active recently. The proportion of influenza B in southern provinces has increased for three consecutive weeks, from 11.6% in week 47 to 17.6% in week 50.
What is Stream B?
Influenza B is influenza caused by influenza B (B) virus.
The incubation period of influenza B is mostly 1~4 days.
Infected children often have systemic symptoms such as fever (body temperature up to 39~40 °C), headache, muscle aches, general weakness, loss of appetite, accompanied by respiratory symptoms such as cough, sputum, nasal congestion, runny nose, and sore throat. Gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and diarrhea are more pronounced than those of influenza A.
Sick children are mainly concentrated in the school-age stage, and most of them are infected in clusters, and children in the younger age group are mainly infected by other family members because of the limited place of activity.
What is the difference between influenza B and influenza A?
Influenza A and B are both similarly contagious, but influenza A is more likely to cause more severe epidemics due to its ability to genetically mutate. Of course, the specific symptoms and course of infection vary from person to person. Staying up to date with your flu vaccine is important to prevent both types of flu.
Zhao Wei introduced, "The symptoms of influenza A and influenza B are not very different, and it is difficult to distinguish them according to clinical manifestations, and it is still necessary to cooperate with the test to diagnose them." Now it is more convenient to buy influenza detection reagents, and some parents are worried that the hospital will take a long time to test, so they help their children test at home, but the process of specimen collection for some parents is not standardized, and there may be a 'false negative', thus delaying the treatment. ”
Zhao Wei said, "There are corresponding antiviral drugs for influenza A and influenza B, and the sooner the treatment, the better the effect, it is recommended to bring the child to the hospital for examination and diagnosis in combination with blood routine." ”
At the same time, it is specially reminded that influenza B is caused by viruses, and antibiotics such as penicillin and cephalosporin that we usually use are drugs against bacteria and are useless for influenza B, so it is not recommended that everyone use antibiotics without authorization as soon as they have a fever.
Passed the first stream or the second stream
Will there be re-infection?
Influenza A and influenza B are two different subtypes of influenza that do not have a cross-immune mechanism. After influenza A or B infection, if the patient is relatively weak, there is still a chance of infection with another subtype of influenza virus.
In general, there is a small chance of infection with the same subtype of influenza virus within a year. For example, if the A(H3N2) subtype of influenza A virus is currently circulating, and the patient will have immunity to the virus after infection, the probability of reinfection with the same type of virus within one year is small. However, because influenza A viruses mutate easily, people who have not been vaccinated may be reinfected with other subtypes of influenza A viruses.
Is it reliable to take medicine for prevention?
How Long After Fever Can I Return to School?
Approaching the end of the term, the virus is coming in turn, and many parents are worried: in order to avoid their children from being hit, is it reliable to take oseltamivir for prevention, and how long can I return to school after the fever subsides?
"It is not recommended that if a classmate is infected with the flu, let the child take medication to prevent it. Zhao Wei pointed out that the gathering of school personnel cannot be prevented, and they should not always take medicine, or they should focus on self-defense by physical means and wear masks in confined spaces. Schools should remind all classes to ventilate and sanitize. If your child's flu fever has subsided for 48 hours, there are no obvious flu symptoms, and the cough is not severe, they can wear a mask and go back to school.
When there are two children in the family, and one of them is infected with influenza B, one family member should take care of the child as much as possible and pay attention to strengthening personal protection, and wear a mask when in close contact with the patient, and other family members should minimize the chance of contact with the child with influenza B, especially the child who is not infected, and minimize contact with the child. Hands should be washed with detergent or disinfectant after direct contact with the child, or after handling items used by the child or after contact with respiratory secretions. Ventilation in the living room is also important.
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Source: CCTV news client, People's Daily, China Disease Control and Control Data, etc
Editor: Wang Na
Editor in charge: Niu Dong