Today's headlines first article, please do not move, offenders will be investigated.
On the first day of the first day of 2024, Japan will usher in a major earthquake, which can be described as a bad year.
On January 1, earthquakes with magnitudes of 7.4 and 6.1 struck the Ishikawa Gunoto area, and a tsunami warning was issued.
Seven earthquakes were reported in 24 hours, triggering a huge tsunami up to 8 meters high, which is very worrying.
This immediately reminds people of the 311 earthquake that struck the East Coast in the past, and how much economic damage it would have caused, how many families would have been left homeless, and how many lives would have been lost.
The earthquake was the worst earthquake that had struck the Noto area of Ishikawa Prefecture since 1885. According to the information released by the Japan Meteorological Agency, at around 16:10 in the afternoon of the same day, a major earthquake of magnitude 7.6 occurred in Ishikawa Prefecture, and the maximum seismic intensity reached 7.
What is the concept of seismic intensity 7?
It means that people are not able to walk normally at all, which can lead to serious consequences such as house collapses and landslides.
In fact, before the 16:10 earthquake, the Noto area of Ishikawa Prefecture had already experienced several strong earthquakes. After the 7.6 magnitude earthquake, aftershocks continued. For example, there was a magnitude 6.1 earthquake at 16:18, a 4.5 magnitude earthquake at 16:23, and a 4.8 magnitude earthquake at 16:32 .......
In addition to Ishikawa Prefecture, Osaka, Tokyo, Saitama, and Yamagata Prefecture also felt the tremors. The Japan Meteorological Agency named this series of earthquakes the "Reiwa 6 Noto Peninsula Earthquake".
At 16:22 p.m., the Japan Meteorological Agency urgently issued a "major tsunami warning" for Ishikawa Prefecture and a tsunami warning for Yamagata, Niigata Prefecture, Toyama Prefecture, Fukui Prefecture, Hyogo Prefecture, and other places.
This is also the first time that such a major tsunami warning has been issued in Japan since the Great East Japan Earthquake in 2011.
In the aftermath of the earthquake, a "large-scale" fire broke out in Wajima City, Ishikawa Prefecture. Many homes were engulfed in flames, and the scene became a sea of fire .......
If you stay in Japan for a long time, you may feel indifferent to the issue of life and death, not because you are cold, but because you often see all kinds of reports about death here, and sometimes you even find it a little strange.
More than 1,300 people choke to death every year from eating rice cakes, more than 1,200 people die from fever in summer, and more than 20,000 people die on railroad tracks every year.
The 311 earthquake and tsunami of 2011 killed or left more than 18,000 people missing, not even those who can't think of it every year.
The earthquake coincided with the New Year period, and many tourists from all over the world spent the New Year in Japan, and for them, the experience was absolutely unforgettable.
Around 4 p.m., an apartment in Tokyo began to shake and the TV shook, which lasted for about 10 minutes.
The Ishikawa Noto Peninsula is a well-known earthquake-prone area. On May 5 last year, a magnitude 6.5 earthquake struck here, with a magnitude of 6+ (equivalent to about 9 degrees in China). At the beginning of this year, a magnitude 7.5 earthquake struck, which can be described as a strong earthquake at the beginning of the new year.
The Noto Peninsula, located on the Sea of Japan side of Honshu Island, has been an area of frequent earthquakes since 2007, and is characterized by dense swarms.
The focal mechanism of this earthquake is interpreted as thrust type, which is similar to the type of activity of the fault here. This means that the crust near the coast could rise, and there is a risk of triggering a tsunami. As a result, the Japan Meteorological Agency issued a large tsunami warning. As can be seen from the video surveillance, the waves caused by the tsunami were quite violent.
Regarding this earthquake, the seismic intensity of the Noto Peninsula was measured to be 7, which is equivalent to 9 to 10 degrees in China. Due to the high intensity of the earthquake, there is a possibility that some faults in the area, including those near the Sea of Japan, may be more intense in the future.
The tsunami is expected to be 2 to 3 meters high (3 to 5 meters locally) and the first wave should have touched the shore. In addition, the tsunami will spread within the Sea of Japan and may affect the eastern side of the Korean Peninsula and Vladivostok in the Far East Sea, so it is necessary to be vigilant.
The damage caused by this earthquake in Japan was very severe, but fortunately there have been no explosions or leaks at the nuclear power plant so far.
No anomalies have been found at the Shiga Nuclear Power Plant near the earthquake and operations have ceased to exist. The Kashiwazaki Kariba nuclear power plant in Niigata Prefecture and Fukui Prefecture reported that their nuclear power plants were "non-abnormal."
Looking back at the last Fukushima 311 earthquake, the situation was very chaotic and no accurate information came out that day. There is not even a mention of the occurrence of the tsunami. It wasn't until later that we learned that an hour or two after the earthquake, a tsunami struck and was 14 meters high.
On March 11, 2011, the first day of the earthquake, people knew about the earthquake, but they didn't think it was a big deal, because earthquakes often occur in Japan. The next day, after a big explosion, people began to be shocked, and news began to spread that something was wrong with the nuclear power plant: there was a nuclear leak.
Then we learned that from the moment the earthquake occurred, the nuclear power plant began to leak, but the situation was extremely complex and the emergency measures were not very effective. Nuclear reactors, which had lost their electric cooling systems, began to heat up rapidly, and a hydrogen explosion occurred in the afternoon of the second day of the earthquake. The Japanese government had to admit that there had been a nuclear leak.
By the 14th and 15th, two more reactors exploded. The 311 Fukushima earthquake turned into a serious crisis, and the situation became even more complicated. They have been claiming to be dealing with the situation urgently, taking control of the situation.
As a result, a nuclear leak is rated as a level 4 (indicating a problematic but disposable nuclear event with no risk of a large-scale leak) and slightly higher than a level 3 (a nuclear accident that is not a big problem) a week after the earthquake.
It was not until a month later, on April 13, that the nuclear leak was declared irreparable and unsolvable. Even if the gods come, they can't solve it.
All elderly people and children should be evacuated as soon as possible.
The nuclear accident was revised to the highest level of 7.
The earthquake in Japan not only caused houses to collapse and casualties, but also caused another special and serious problem - nuclear leakage. This poses a great threat to the safety of the people in Japan, and at the same time, it is also directly related to the safety of the lives of the people of our country.
Japan has already discharged nuclear sewage into the sea three times, and they are preparing to do a fourth. According to TEPCO, the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant plans to begin the fourth round of nuclear wastewater discharge into the sea in late February 2024, with an estimated total discharge of 7,800 tons.
From August 24 to September 11, the first batch of Fukushima nuclear sewage was discharged, from October 5 to 23, the second batch of nuclear sewage was discharged, about 7,810 tons, and from November 2 to 20, the third round of nuclear sewage was discharged, with a total of 7,753 tons.
Earlier it was reported that 7,800 tons of nuclear sewage is equivalent to the capacity of 10 water storage tanks. Since the Fukushima nuclear accident in 2011, more than 1,000 such tanks have been built locally.
As emissions continue, there are growing concerns about the safety of discharging equipment.
On October 25, TEPCO said two of the four workers working at the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant to treat nuclear wastewater were splashed with nuclear wastewater.
Two of them were in serious condition and were rushed to hospital. One of them, a 20-year-old man, was exposed to radiation all over his body, and another 40-year-old man was exposed to radiation on his hands and lower body.
The hospital preliminarily determined that the radioactive material had entered the gaps in the skin of the two people.
Although the two were discharged from the hospital on October 28, there are still many questions from the outside world. Some Japanese netizens said: "Even if there is an abnormal situation, it is unlikely to be made public, and there is still a long way to go to solve this problem." ”
TEPCO announced during the second discharge that the pressure of the pump carrying the wastewater had dropped for a time because the rust in the water had adhered to the filter, causing a blockage. This series of issues has further raised concerns about the safety of emission equipment.
At the same time, the earthquake in Japan was not the only natural disaster.
Indonesia has also experienced earthquakes and even two volcanoes erupted. On the morning of January 1 local time, the Irilevo Toloko volcano erupted for 53 seconds, and the ash column was 300 meters high.
Subsequently, at 7:15 Beijing time, Dukono volcano also erupted for 49 seconds, and the ash column was 2,000 meters high. Indonesia is one of the countries with the highest number of volcanoes in the world, with more than 120 active volcanoes remaining. Among them, the Malapi volcano erupted several times in the last month, killing 24 people.
According to the Indonesian Meteorology, Climatology and Geophysics Agency, at 14:52 local time on January 1, a magnitude 5.5 earthquake occurred 74 kilometers southwest of Mongondo County, South Bolang, North Sulawesi Province, Indonesia, with an epicenter depth of 46 kilometers.
Earthquakes are a natural phenomenon in which the earth's crust is squeezed or stretched by plate movements, and when it exceeds the bearing capacity of the rock layer, the rock layer will break and release energy, which will cause ground tremors.
As the Earth's plates move, the boundaries between them resemble giant jigsaw puzzle seams. As these puzzle pieces stick together, their relative motion builds up pressure. This continues until the pressure builds up to a certain level and is suddenly released, like a locked part that suddenly slides, releasing the stored energy, creating a shock wave of an earthquake.
Earthquakes are caused by shaking in the Earth's crust that propagate from the hypocenter to the surrounding areas. This source of interference has caused many earthquakes in the solid state of the earth, ranging from minor to severe.
There are many causes of earthquakes, which can be grouped into the following categories:
1. Volcanic activity
2. Crustal folds and faults
3. Plate movement
4. Impact of human activities on the natural environment (human factors)
Whatever the reason, earthquakes occur because the Earth's crust is out of balance.