Identification of forgeries of cold calligraphy and painting works

Treasure heaven and earth

Li Zhanhua (Honorary Chairman of Guangdong Receiving Association)

Leng Ming, a Court Painter of the Qing Dynasty, was born around 1669 and died in 1742. Zi Jichen, the history of Kinmen painting, a native of Jiaozhou, Shandong, a disciple of Jiao Bingzhen. Good at painting people, boundary paintings, especially fine women. The paintings are beautiful and elegant, the pen and ink are clean, the colors are beautiful, and their painting methods are also written with work belts, decorating the house utensils, and the pen is extremely delicate and vivid.

About the thirty-fifth year of the Kangxi Dynasty (1696), Leng Ming was introduced into the palace by his teacher Jiao Bingzhen, when "Bingzhen Feng painted the "Cultivation and Weaving Map", and the piece was restored to help", this map was drawn by two people, a total of 46 paintings, showing the folk "village scenery, the Tian family is bitter, the song is as good as it can be, and the sacred intention is deeply in line with the sacred heart".

Since Leng Mei lived in the inner court for most of his life, the outside world knew very little about his situation. After Leng Ming entered the inner court, the most famous paintings in the late Kangxi Period were the "Wanshou Tu" and the "Summer Resort Map".

Leng Mei was appreciated by Kangxi for his outstanding performance in painting. However, during the Yongzheng period, he was snubbed and expelled from the court painting academy, and during the thirteen years of Yongzheng's reign, there was no name of Leng Ming in the Qing Palace archives.

Leng Ming left the court and became a painter in the opposition. In these paintings, there is no "subject" character, and Qin has the "Golden Gate Painting History" Zhu Wenyin, which is his special seal when painting outside the palace. According to the analysis of relevant experts, the Western painting techniques brought by European missionary painters and the combination of Chinese and Western painting styles, in addition to the traditional painting style, although they have a unique style, are also the real reasons why Leng Mei was expelled from the painting academy. Yongzheng did not like the Chinese painting mixed with Western painting methods, and Leng Ming and his teacher Jiao Bingzhen and others were representatives of Western painting techniques. At the same time as Leng Ming, xu Mingshi and other painters were expelled from the academy, and Lang Shining's apprentices Chashiba, Fu Hong, and Wang Wenzhi, who also served in the academy, were also sent back to the banner.

In his later years, Leng Mei created more than 50 or 60 works and paintings in the early Qianlong Office, and its subject matter was very extensive, including figures, Buddhist Taoism, birds and beasts, ma long, architectural gardens, court utensils, historical stories and so on.

Leng Mei is both a prolific painter and a long-lived painter, occupying an important position in the history of China's court painting academy. Therefore, Qing Dynasty painting critics always mentioned Leng Ming together with Jiao Bingzhen and Shen Yu as three famous court painters in the late Kangxi Dynasty. Leng Ming's dedication to the painting academy has experienced the three emperors of Kang, Yong and Qian, and has been painting for the Yuanmingyuan for many years, but unfortunately, many of Leng Ming's elaborate works in the Yuanmingyuan in that year were reduced to ashes in an unprecedented looting with the looting and burning of the British and French allies!

Figure 1 and Figure 2 are respectively "Golden Gate Painting History Cold Piece", at first glance, the two paintings are based on the work of the lady as the theme, the composition is a bird's eye view, whether it is the depiction of the building, or the dress of the characters, the outline of the scenery, all show that it is the style of the Qing Dynasty, and the painting method of the characters is also obviously the style of the Qing Dynasty. Although the two paintings are figure paintings, the Louge Palace as the background occupies a considerable proportion, and there is a spatial relationship between three-dimensional and perspective, and it is not difficult to see the influence of Western techniques in the Kangxi period on painters.

Figure 1 shows the outdoor scenery, and Figure 2 shows the indoor scenery. The interactive relationship between the three characters in Figure 1 gives people a profound story connotation and a beautiful and moving plot: the elegant piano sound of a princess in red in the attic of the harem attracts a brother who is a confidant of the Gongzi to come to visit, although a lady has opened the door to welcome guests, but the Gongzi is still shy and does not dare to rush forward, is wandering outside the door, this scene is very heart-wrenching, eager to do the matchmaker Yucheng such a good thing. The conception and exquisite craftsmanship of this work, as well as the ups and downs of design, make the charm of the artwork come to life.

Figure two is a queen-level figure, there are two ladies waiting, behind is a tall screen, the screen is carved with cloud dragons, indicating its noble identity, but we found in the process of examination, behind the screen belonging to the interior but grown two soaring magnolia trees, there are some guardrails that should have belonged to the outside of the palace, which is very contradictory. Looking closely at the painting method of the two white magnolias, it seems very rough, which is not in harmony with the colorful lines of the characters and the precise contours of the faces of the characters. The most obvious disadvantage is that the spatial perspective is inaccurate, with a heads-up view on one side and a bird's-eye view on the other, which fully exposes the contradiction of the work in Figure 2. In addition, the inscription of Zhefu Bunda also breaks the ethereality of the picture for no reason, which is a bit obstructive, although there is an appraisal seal of An Yi Zhou in the lower right corner, but it is not helpful.

In summary: Figure 1 is true, And Figure 2 is false.