Diabetes is a common chronic disease with serious global public health implications. It is a metabolic disease in which blood sugar levels rise abnormally due to insufficient or impaired insulin secretion.

Diabetes can lead to a range of complications, including cardiovascular disease, retinopathy, kidney disease, and neurological pathologies. There are many causes of diabetes, including genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors.

People with diabetes need to monitor their blood sugar levels regularly and adjust their treatment regimens in a timely manner. At the same time, they also need to maintain good Xi habits, such as quitting smoking, limiting alcohol, and getting enough sleep. Through comprehensive treatment and lifestyle adjustment, diabetic patients can effectively control blood sugar levels, reduce the occurrence of complications, and improve their quality of life.

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Typical clinical practice of "three more and one less" diabetes

Diabetes mellitus is a common chronic metabolic disease, and its typical symptoms are summarized as "three more and one less". These symptoms include polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia, and weight loss.

Polyuria is osmotic diuresis due to an increase in blood glucose, resulting in an increase in urine output. High blood sugar levels lead to decreased reabsorption of glucose by the kidneys, which increases urinary glucose excretion. In addition, hyperglycemia stimulates osmoreceptors in the hypothalamus, causing it to release antidiuretic hormone, which further promotes increased urine output.

Polydipsis is caused by high blood sugar leading to fluid concentration and increased osmotic pressure, which stimulates the thirst center, causing the patient to feel thirsty and drink more water. Hyperglycemia also stimulates osmoreceptors in the hypothalamus, causing it to release antidiuretic hormone, further contributing to increased water intake.

Polyphagia is caused by high blood sugar leading to insufficient insulin secretion or insulin resistance, which prevents the body from making full use of glucose for energy metabolism, which in turn promotes fat mobilization and protein breakdown to provide the energy the body needs. These metabolites stimulate gastrointestinal motility and increase appetite.

Weight loss is caused by the body's inability to fully utilize glucose for energy metabolism, resulting in increased fat mobilization and protein breakdown to provide the energy the body needs. These metabolites are excreted in the urine and can lead to malnutrition and wasting.

The relationship between diabetes and longevity was discovered, The Lancet: 30 years of diabetes, life expectancy or 14 years less

The dangers of diabetes cannot be underestimated, and a team from the University of Cambridge and the University of Glasgow, published in the medical journal The Lancet Diabetes and Endocrinology, found that the earlier you are diagnosed with type 2 diabetes, the shorter your life expectancy is likely to be.

The team conducted an in-depth study of data from about 1.5 million participants from two major international study cohorts (the Emerging Risk Factors Collaborative and the UK Biobank) and found that life expectancy decreased by about four years for every 10 years of developing type 2 diabetes.

Especially for those diagnosed with type 2 diabetes at the age of 30, life expectancy may be reduced by as much as 14 years. This finding reminds us that early diagnosis and treatment of diabetes is essential for maintaining health and prolonging life.

Is diabetes eaten?

Is diabetes, a chronic disease that has been widely concerned around the world, really "eaten" as people say? In fact, this view is not completely accurate, but diet is indeed an important factor influencing the occurrence and development of diabetes.

Diabetes mellitus, which is mainly divided into types I and II, is a disease in which blood sugar regulation is imbalanced due to insufficient insulin secretion or insulin resistance. For type I diabetes, it is usually congenital and has a lot to do with genetic factors. For type II diabetes, it is closely related to factors such as lifestyle, diet Xi habits.

The effects of diet on diabetes are mainly reflected in the following aspects:

Calorie intake – Eating too many calories over a long period of time can also lead to obesity, which in turn increases the risk of diabetes.

Carbohydrates – Eating too much sugar and finely processed grains can cause a rapid rise in blood sugar, which can impair insulin secretion in the long term.

Fats and proteins – Consuming too much saturated and trans fats may increase the risk of insulin resistance.

Dietary fiber – Foods rich in dietary fiber can help control blood sugar and weight, reducing the risk of diabetes.

However, we can't simply blame diabetes on diet. While unhealthy eating Xi may increase the risk of disease, not everyone who consumes too many calories or sugar will get diabetes. A variety of factors such as genetics, environment, and lifestyle Xi may affect the occurrence of diabetes.

Therefore, although diet is an important factor in the occurrence and development of diabetes, we cannot simply say that diabetes is "eaten". Preventing diabetes requires a combination of factors, including eating a healthy diet, exercising moderately, avoiding bad Xi habits such as tobacco and alcohol, and regular blood sugar checks.

Diabetes prevention and treatment is more than just sugar control

First of all, diet is an important part of diabetes prevention and treatment. People with diabetes need to control sugar intake in their diet, avoid foods high in sugar, fat and salt, and increase their intake of vegetables, fruits and whole grains. At the same time, the diet also needs to be adjusted according to the individual's physical condition and activity level to ensure that the calories and nutrients consumed meet the individual's needs.

Secondly, exercise is also one of the important means to prevent and treat diabetes. Proper exercise can increase the body's sensitivity to insulin and help control blood sugar levels. Diabetics can choose the type of exercise that suits them, such as walking, jogging, swimming, etc., and do at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity exercise every week.

In addition, drug treatment is also one of the important means of diabetes prevention and treatment. For patients who need medication, doctors will prescribe a treatment plan according to the condition, including oral medications and insulin injections.

Finally, the adjustment of lifestyle Xi is also one of the important aspects of diabetes prevention. Diabetics need to maintain a good sleep schedule and avoid staying up late and overexertion. At the same time, it is also necessary to maintain a positive mindset and a good emotional state to help control blood sugar levels.

To sum up, the prevention and treatment of diabetes is not only about sugar control, but also about taking into account multiple factors. Only through comprehensive management and control can diabetes be effectively prevented and treated, and the health and quality of life of patients can be guaranteed.