Ai Xin Jue Luo Nurhaci, Jurchen clan, Jurchen leader of Jianzhou, the first Great Khan of Later Jin, the actual founder of the Qing Dynasty, was born in the thirty-eighth year of Ming Jiajing (1599), and died of illness in the sixth year of the Ming Dynasty 's Apocalypse (1626, the eleventh year of the Later Jin Mandate of Heaven)!
Nurhaci
Nurhaci nurhaci really means wild boar skin, but it is also true, people as its name suggests! Ai Xin Jue Luo clan made his fortune in the Ming Dynasty Yongle Year, Nurhaci's sixth ancestor Meng Temu (also known as Meng Brother Timur) and Ming Chengzu Zhu Di had an in-law relationship, that is, Ming Chengzu took Meng Temu's sister, so the Ming Dynasty enfeoffed Meng Te Mu as the left guard of Jianzhou, including the later Ming Xuanzong Zhu Zhanji also had a woman of Na Jianzhou as a concubine, plus this layer of relationship, the status of the Ai Xin Jue Luo family is not low!
Nurhaci has to say that he was a military genius, no teacher, but when nurhaci was mentioned, he had to say that one of his nobles, Li Chengliang, the general of Liaodong Province, many sources show that Li Chengliang had the intention of deliberately supporting Nurhaci, and the Qing History Manuscript records that Nurhaci and his brothers were captured by Li Chengliang, but Li Chengliang's wife felt that the wild boar skin was too handsome and let him go, but I think this is unreliable, after all, the portrait here is shown in the following figure▼ ▼
Small eyes, high cheekbones, typical of the Tungusic race!
This kind of look makes people think of the race in North Korea and South Korea first! The long handsome basically have to rely on the day after tomorrow to reshape, so the record of the "Qing History Draft" can be directly overturned. During this period, the main thing was nurhaci who took over the Jianzhou left guard and went east to conquer the west, and Li Chengliang supported it behind his back, saying that it was a coincidence and it was impossible to happen so many times! Haixi Nu was really strong, Li Chengliang helped to fight; Ye Hebu was strong, Li Chengliang helped to fight! Just like that, I helped Nurhaci to grow directly! The Jurchens of Jianzhou were unified, and then became the most powerful Jurchen tribe! Seriously, Li Chengliang was very interesting, not only defeated Nurhaci's opponents, but also directly eliminated these enemies!
Portrait of Li Chengliang
Then again, Nurhaci originally lived a carefree life, digging ginseng, picking mushrooms, and doing business with Han and Mongolians from time to time to make a little money! How can the life of a person who can achieve great things be so ordinary, the originally happy Nurhaci suddenly came bad news, his father, grandfather, grandfather are dead! Of course, the deaths of these three were directly related to the Ming army, and in this way, Nurhaci was appointed by the Ming Dynasty as the commander of the Left Wei Capital of Jianzhou, and later he was named the Governor of the Capital and the General of the Dragon and Tiger. The people are the people of Daming, and the people behind them rebel against the world! From this point on, Nurhaci launched a war of annexation against the Jurchen departments of Jianzhou, and finally unified the Jurchens of Jianzhou, and then after decades of conquest, unified the Jurchen tribes, at this time Nurhaci was extremely inflated, extremely powerful, established the Eight Flags system, created Manchu and the like. In the forty-fourth year of the Wanli Calendar (1616), Nurhaci established the "Great Jin" (known in history as Hou Jin), established himself as a Khan, established the Mandate of Heaven, openly provoked the Ming court, and judged himself to be self-reliant. In the forty-sixth year of the Wanli Calendar (1618), the Seven Great Hatreds rebelled against the Ming Dynasty.
It is said that Nurhaci likes to watch the Romance of the Three Kingdoms and the Water Margin, and for the backward savage tribes, the easy-to-understand novel of the Romance of the Three Kingdoms is simply the Sun Tzu Art of War of the Jurchens! Therefore, Nurhaci claims to have a strategy, but it turns out that Nurhaci's military level and strategic level are still very high. In the forty-seventh year of the Wanli Calendar (1619, the fourth year of the Later Jin Mandate of Heaven), the Battle of Salhu broke out, the Ming army of 200,000 troops (known as 470,000), launched an attack on Liaodong, the troops were divided into four roads, intending to suppress Nurhaci, the Later Jin army of 60,000, the result of the war - the Ming army was defeated, the whole army was destroyed, and the Later Jin was victorious! This was an important turning point in the history of the Ming and Qing wars, after which the Jin Dynasty won more with less, after which the Ming army began to passively defend!
After the Battle of Salhu, the Later Jin swept through Liaodong, and the pattern of the Ming Dynasty and the Later Jin territory is as follows
After sweeping through Liaodong, Nurhaci, as a rebel against the Ming Dynasty's national oppression policy, implemented a national oppression policy against the vast number of Han people in Liaodong, bringing about a barbaric culture of enslavement and a massacre at the same time, which is the biggest difference between Nurhaci and the Emperor Taiji, who is good at scheming to make people's livelihood. Then again, after taking Liaodong, Nurhaci swelled to the extreme, thinking that he could directly destroy the Ming Dynasty, but the skinny camel was bigger than the horse, even if the Ming Dynasty gave you to digest it with your current strength, it would not be digested! In the sixth year of the Apocalypse (1626, the eleventh year after the Mandate of Jin), the Battle of Ningyuan broke out!
Nurhaci is very clever, military talent is very strong, can make different strategic deployments according to different periods, in the case of the development of the jin army's innate superiority also pay attention to the innovation of weapons, in several battles with the Ming army, he knows that cold weapons are inferior to firearms in many aspects, so the follow-up Nurhaci requires many surrendered Ming troops must return with a certain number of artillery, and Nurhaci also practiced a lot of new siege tactics! But you are strong, Daming has a city wall, Yuan Chonghuan stays in the city, does not go out to fight, waiting for you to attack, and at the same time waiting for Nurhaci there is also the Hongyi cannon, which is known as one of the best artillery in the world in the seventeenth century!
Yuan Chonghuan
In the first month of 1626, Nurhaci led an army of 60,000 (known as 130,000) to attack Ningyuan, and the Ming army was less than 20,000! After the Jin army began to attack the city round after round, the Ming army could not hold out, shelled the Eight Banner Army, defeated the Jin army, the Jin army suffered countless casualties, and could only withdraw its troops, and the Ming army won a great victory in Ningyuan! This war enabled the Ming army to re-establish its confidence in the Jin army after the victory, and it was also the first victory of the Ming Dynasty since the fall of Fushun, which was of extremely important significance!
In the sixth year of the Apocalypse (1626, the eleventh year of the Mandate of Heaven), Nurhaci suffered this great defeat, and due to his advanced age and a variety of comprehensive factors, Nurhaci suffered from poisonous gangrene, and eventually became critically ill (there is a saying that he was injured by artillery, according to research, this is unreliable. He died of illness on August 11 at the age of 68 and was buried in Fuling.