<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" chapter 17 of the > discusses chess rules and law enforcement referees</h1>
Chen Songshun is a special international referee of chess, and he has a long experience as a referee. In the first National Chess Championship in 1956, there was a team of referees with a very large lineup: Wang Youyong, the chief referee, was the vice chairman of the Beijing Chess Research Society, and the first to fourth vice referees were divided by Xie Xiaxun, Peng Shusheng, Lin Yixian, and Zhang Xiongfei; the referees were Chen Songshun, Jia Titao, Zhang Dekui, Xie Xiaoran, Qian Mengwu, Tu Jingming, and more than ten others. They are all well-known chess players everywhere, or rising stars. The elderly deputy referee, of course, did not have to sit on the stage on duty, Chen Songshun, who was a referee, was only in his thirties at that time, and he and Zhang Dekui, Xie Xiaoran, etc. had to sit on the stage on duty. At that time, there was no unified chess rules, and Zhang Xiongfei knew that Chen Songshun was experienced, so he specially asked him to provide some regulations so that everyone could follow them.
Chen Songshun listed a number of game examples according to the practice in the chess world at that time, such as "one will kill one", "two hits and one fight", if the two sides do not change the average judgment, and so on. These bureaus were assigned to several deputy magistrates for review and approval, that is, in accordance with the implementation. Later, Zhang Xiongfei used this as a basis to draft a "Chinese Chess Competition Rules", which was the first national unified chess rules in the history of Chinese chess. In the following national chess tournaments, the referee was executed according to this chess rule. Within three or two days before the opening of each national tournament, the referee must be present first, listen to the rules, study, study, or propose amendments.
According to the Chinese Chess Yearbook, Chen Songshun "served as the chief referee of the National Chess Competition from the first national competition in 1956 to the early 1980s, and contributed to the revision of the Rules of the Chinese Chess Competition." "Chen served as a referee, deputy chief referee and chief referee until he obtained the title of special international referee, and his seniority is very old. The rules of the competition are always revised and supplemented, and then they are relatively perfect. In 1966, when the National Chess Tournament was held in Zhengzhou, Mao Bohao, director of the State Sports Commission, asked Chen Songshun to revise the rules of the competition, and after the final draft, it was implemented in the chess tournament, and it was ready to be edited and printed. But after a decade of turmoil, the competition was interrupted, and the publication of the rules of the competition was stillborn. In 1974, the National Chess Tournament was resumed in Chengdu, and Chen participated in the new compilation of the rules of the competition. Then in 1978, Chen and Chen Ruiquan revised the rules of the competition.
Chen Songshun not only served as the chief referee in the national arena, but also in major competitions such as the Wuyang Cup and the Provincial Hong Kong and Macao Inter-port Competition, and his practical experience was extremely rich. Since founding Xiangqi Newspaper, he has often written articles to answer difficult questions for readers about various chess rules. These articles were compiled by him into the "Chess Rules Counseling Manual" (jointly compiled and printed by the editorial board of "Xiangqi Newspaper" and the Pearl River Chess Art Research Institute), and the content is obviously systematic and can be used for reference and study. Some chess examples are different from those in the 1950s, such as "one will kill one kill" to lose, and "two to one fight" The former does not change the negative judgment, which shows that the chess rules have been continuously revised before they have been gradually improved. This counseling manual is a summary of Chen Songshun's long-term experience in refereeing work, and Su Shaoquan's preface to the manual said: "Reading through the whole book is tantamount to entering a referee training class, and many problems in the law enforcement of domestic and foreign competitions can be solved." ”
Chen Songshun has encountered some other things in the work of chess refereeing, in addition to solving the problems that arise in the chess player match. The 1964 National Chess Championship was held in Hangzhou, with Chen Songshun as the chief referee. The Guangdong team was played by Yang Guanfu, Cai Furu and Chen Baixiang. In the days after the unveiling of the competition, the most eye-catching thing about the fierce schedule9 is Cai Fu's unstoppable momentum. He first defeated Hu Ronghua, then defeated Li Yiting, and then won Yang Guanfu, all three of whom were national champions; other famous generals who lost under Cai Furu were Chen Xinquan, He Shun'an, Meng Liguo, etc., and Cai's record was very prominent. The chess game was in full swing and the situation was delicate, and the conference suddenly received a secret letter saying that some people were engaged in "championship doctrine" and that there was a suspicion of deliberately "releasing water" in the game. Therefore, the person in charge convened a meeting of the chief and deputy referees, referees and other relevant personnel, and believed that it was necessary to find out the truth and deal with it. He also proposed to review all the matches, from which it was found out who "released the water" and lost the chess game because of the disadvantage.
Asking for a review of a game in a chess game was indeed a pioneering undertaking, and no one in the room rose up against it. Chen Songshun looked at this situation and expressed his own views, saying: "It is impossible to draw conclusions on the review of the bureau. Chess players make mistakes on the spot, often some, being bombarded by cannons, eating blind cars, and losing children for no reason, etc., in all, can we say that this is all 'release water?' The investigation of 'water release' must have a factual basis, at least there are clues to be found, and the masses should be mobilized to expose it, and it is unrealistic to rely solely on examination and investigation to catch the wind and catch the shadow. He said this in his capacity as the chief magistrate, and everyone felt that it was reasonable, and those who had doubts about the review of the game before did not express their position, then agreed with what Chen Songshun said and agreed with it. As a result of the meeting, there was no longer any emphasis on reviewing the game, and the matter was settled.
The things that Chen Songshun encountered, like the one mentioned above, occurred before the Cultural Revolution and were relatively easy to deal with. After the storm of the Cultural Revolution, the chess tournament was revived, but there were more problems at the beginning and it was not so easy to deal with. The Third National Games in 1975 was held in Beijing, and there were indispensable "workers, peasants, and soldiers commentators" who could influence everything in the national chess tournament, which was a unique product of that time. Mr. Wang Pinzhang's "Miscellaneous Memories of the Chess World" also wrote about the strange phenomenon of this chess tournament: "The commentators of the workers, peasants, and soldiers commented on their heads and made the chess players confused. For example, whoever wants to take a folding fan, there are commentator articles such as 'princes and princes and grandchildren shake the fan', 'remnants of feudal superstition', and so on. Chess players who are quicker to plot after the opening of the game will also be criticized, believing that the chess style is not correct. "It is also a coincidence that there is a thing at the venue: Jiangxi chess player Zhu Mou and Yunnan chess player Chen Mou played against each other, entering the endgame, one side of the bicycle occupies the center line against the other side of the bicycle veteran, the situation can be harmonious. At this time, the two of them got up and went into the bathroom, and when they talked, one of them said, "Whether you win or lose this game will not affect the ranking, but it is very important to me." The implication was to ask the other party to let him win the round, and the other party also made a few perfunctory remarks. The two chess players seemed to be careless, not thinking of the old saying that "the wall has ears", and their dialogue was heard by the workers, peasants, and soldiers commentators. The result of the two's rematch, there was no peace, Jiangxi Zhu won, after the chess was finished, an uproar was set off.
The commentators of the workers, peasants, and soldiers acted unusually quickly, immediately convened a great criticism meeting, made public the dialogue they heard in the bathroom, and forcefully accused Zhu and Chen of privately accepting each other's instructions, playing fake chess, and deceiving the masses. Since the bathroom whisper is a fact, a game of chess that can be reconciled is divided into victories and losses, and Zhu and Chen have no way to explain, only to accept criticism. As involved, the team leader can not get rid of the relationship. The handling of the incident is naturally severe, the removal of the delisting, the suspension of the suspension. This time, even the referee chen Songshun was difficult to say. In this atmosphere, the psychology of all chess players is more than serious, relaxed and insufficient, and everyone is like approaching the abyss, like walking on thin ice. Chen Songshun could only do ideological work separately and say some encouraging words to the chess players to make the preliminary round go smoothly.
During the final of this year, Chen Songshun actually encountered an unpleasant thing, and the spearhead of criticism was directed at his head. The incident began with the match between Yang Guanfu and Ding Xiaofeng: Yang and Ding were originally in the Palace of Culture, Yang's situation was not good, the loser would lose, but the game was not finalized and the chess was sealed. Each returned to the accommodation of Xinjiekou Hotel, and after lunch, prepared for the race. Every night, the conference has a program to the factory to comment on the chess game, and on this day the referee team decided to talk about Yang and Ding. Some referees suggested that instead of going to the stadium to continue the game, they could just play the game in the hotel room. In the past, it was common to change the game to the final game in the accommodation after sealing the chess, Chen Songshun immediately said that there was no problem, and informed the competition group and other relevant personnel. Unexpectedly, after Yang Ding's chess game continued, the situation suddenly changed, Ding Xiaofeng mistakenly went bad, Yang Guanphos had the advantage, and at the end of the game, Ding Xiaofeng lost. Perhaps because of the accident of losing the game, his spirit was suddenly shaken; perhaps because of exhaustion, Ding Xiaofeng suddenly fainted, and in the midst of the chaos, he was sent to the hospital for rescue.
When the person in charge of the chess competition committee learned of this, he was greatly angry and immediately summoned Chen Songshun, asking, "Who gave you the power to transfer the venue?" At the same time, he declared that he would not recognize the result of the game. The problem becomes complicated. The implication seems to be that Chen Song successfully used the power of the chief referee to transfer the playing field, and what method was used to cause Yang Guanfu to turn defeat into victory. Faced with such a situation, Chen Songshun did not defend himself or push the responsibility to others, but made a review at the meeting and admitted that he had taken the wrong responsibility for transferring the venue. At that time, Dong Qiliang was responsible for investigating the truth of the matter, explaining that the responsibility for transferring the competition venue did not lie with Chen; Xu Jialiang, the leader of the competition group, and many Beijing referees also came out to clarify the original committee and share the responsibility, especially Liu Shancheng, who served as the general referee, also took the initiative to take responsibility, seek truth from facts, and argue according to reason, and finally freed Chen Songshun, who had been unjustly criticized.
Chen Songshun has the courage to take responsibility in handling things, does not take credit, and does not slander, and this spirit has been praised by many people. He believes that as a referee staff, it is for the service of athletes, and the position of handling things should be fair. For the rules of chess, it is necessary not only to be familiar with it, but also to be proficient, and to be proficient in adapting to changes. He stressed that it is best to be predictive when sitting on the bench as a referee. The development of the game may have a variety of problems involving chess rules, foreseeing that problems will arise, and law enforcement can be more easily solved.
To be continued ~ a little attention and more support