Zhangde Government Office
(Anyang County Office)
There is a very large courtyard in the north of Xitou Road, East Street of Anyang Old Town, this compound was the Zhangde Mansion in the Ming and Qing dynasties, and the Kuomintang was the Office of the Administrative Inspector of the Third District of Henan and the Anyang County Government during the Republic of China, and it was the residence of the Anyang Municipal People's Government in the early days of the founding of New China. After witnessing the changes of the times and experiencing hundreds of years of war, this compound is still like a peaceful old man, quietly watching every sunrise and sunset in the ancient city. Later, after losing its functional function, it was also the private property of some units, and then slowly separated the area and rented out, which had a clinic, a martial arts school, and a bath, and now he has rectified and remodeled, hoping that there will be a new look.
1. The historical origin of the Zhangde Prefecture and the Anyang County Office
During the Qiande period of the Northern Song Dynasty (963-968), Jiedu made Han Chongyun rule Xiangzhou, built a large number of civil engineering and government offices, built a tooth city around it, and set up an arsenal. "The people and soldiers cut down the West Mountain, and they were the state party, which was quite magnificent." "State office" is the official office of the state and government. A few years later, Zhao Kuangyin, Taizu of the Song Dynasty, went north from Bianjing to visit Xiangzhou, and when he saw this official mansion, he once said that "I live just now". It can be seen that the building complex of Xiangzhou Prefecture is indeed grandiose, majestic and gorgeous.
In the second year of the Northern Song Dynasty (1055), Han Qi, the virtuous minister of the Northern Song Dynasty, ruled Xiangzhou, and then Du Chun and Han Yanxuan successively ruled the Xiangzhou, and rebuilt the pavilion garden pond in the state party, Mingkang Paradise, also known as Anyang County Garden. The garden includes important buildings such as Zuibai Hall and Dayjin Hall, which are integrated with the previous buildings such as Mingong Hall, Feixiantai and Hongfang Pavilion, and its regulation is "strong in Hebei".
Xiangzhou Prefecture Party deposit for the Zhangde Government Department, the Yuan Dynasty changed Xiangzhou to Zhangde Road City, set up the Zhangde Road Governor's Office here. The Zhangde Mansion Office, located in the area of Gaoge Temple on Imahao Street, was the highest regulation and the largest government building complex in Anyang City at that time, regardless of the scale and shape of the building.
In the first year of Hongxi of the Ming Dynasty (1425), after Zhu Gaosui, the king of Zhao, came to his fiefdom Zhangde, he took a fancy to this place (Zhangde Prefecture) at a glance. The Zhangde Mansion Office located on Mahao Street had to obediently give way to the Zhao Wangfu and rebuild it into the Zhao Domain's Palace. The original Zhangde Prefecture Office was moved to the "West Baiwu" in the city, that is, the area enclosed by East Street, Gulou East Street, Shenlu Street and South Street. Since then, the city of Anyang has been divided into "new mansion" and "old mansion". In the sixteenth year of Ming Zhengde (1521), the prefect Chen Ce re-expanded the Zhangde Mansion. In the 32nd year of Qianlong in the Qing Dynasty (1767), the prefect Huang Bangning rebuilt the Zhangde Mansion.
Anyang County Office was founded in the second year of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty (1369), founded by Cai Cheng of the county, and Zhang He presided over the rebuilding of the county in the twenty-sixth year of Jiajing of the Ming Dynasty (1547). Anyang County Office is located in Guanghuafang in the original city, the junction of the current county east street and the county west street, on the north side of the street. The street directly opposite the south of the county office is called Xianqian Street, and its southeast is located close to the Ming Dynasty Zhao Wangfu.
In the early years of Ming Hongwu, Cai Cheng, the first magistrate of Anyang County, presided over the construction of the county office and temple after the reconstruction of Zhangde Fucheng. According to the Ming Dynasty's "Jiajing Zhangde Mansion Chronicles, Official Teachers' Chronicles", Cai Cheng was a local official who was sympathetic to the people's feelings, and when he served as the magistrate of Anyang County in the early years of Ming Hongwu, the fields were barren due to long-term war, and the people had no food and clothing. Cai Cheng hosted a banquet for wealthy families in the hall of the county office, and personally signed a certificate to guarantee that the cattle would be lent to poor farmers for farming, and the government would fund the farming, so that the people would be rich and the people's livelihood would be improved.
From the beginning of the Ming Dynasty to the Republic of China, the Anyang County Office has been in the Ming and Qing dynasties, and has been in the county East Street and the county West Street for more than 500 years, and the location has not changed. The "Anyang County Chronicles" during the Jiaqing period of the Qing Dynasty recorded that the county office sat in the north and faced south, with a grand scale and symmetrical central axis of the building complex. There is a wall in front of the gate, there is a door of the instrument in the back, the lobby is the public hall, it is located at the commanding height of the central axis, the face is five rooms wide, there are three rooms in front of the building, the momentum is majestic; There are also two and three halls after that. The two sides of the lobby are divided into six rooms: ceremonial, household, official, worker, criminal and soldier. On the east side of the axis of the county office, there are Tushen Temple, Guandi Temple, Soap Li Hall, Inner Account Room, Undertaking Room, and Prison; On the west side of the axis, there are the Affirmation Hall, the Award Hall, the Flower Hall, the Large Study, the Signing Room, and the Inner House.
In the third year of Xuantong of the Qing Dynasty (1911), the imperial court issued an edict to abolish the first county of the national government, and in the first year of the Republic of China (1912), Anyang County was abolished, and its place was directly under Zhangde Mansion. At the beginning of the Republic of China in 1913, Zhangde Mansion was abolished and Anyang County was restored, at this time, the county office was moved from the county East Street to the East Street, and the original site was changed to a smoking cessation center and prison. In the winter of 1999, when Wenfeng Middle Road was opened, the old county office disappeared. The Zhangde Prefecture Office of East Street was renamed the Anyang County Office, and later renamed the Anyang County Government. At the beginning of the 22nd year of the Republic of China (1933), the Commissioner's Office of the Third Administrative Supervision District of Henan was established in the former Zhangde Mansion, and Fang Ce, a native of Huangyan, Zhejiang, served as the inspector and concurrently served as the county magistrate of Anyang County. The Office of the Administrative Inspector was co-located with the Anyang County Government.
In the 52nd year of Qianlong in the Qing Dynasty, "Zhangde Mansion Chronicles" Zhangde Mansion Department map
The government office along the central axis from south to north to build the gate and the main hall in turn, the back hall is the back hall, and the back hall is the prefect's official hall behind the back hall. The front door of the instrument, the six rooms, the Yongsheng library, and the earth god division. There is an experience department in the east of the government office, and there is a photo mill office and an official house in the west. There is a tall shadow wall built in front of the government office, and the street to the south of it is called "Fuzhaobi Street", which was later renamed "Shadow Wall Back Street", which has been followed to this day.
The ceremonial gate, also known as the ceremonial gate, is usually closed and is only open on the prefect's tour or to welcome guests and festive days. The east gate is the "human gate", and the west gate is the "ghost gate". Usually, you can walk through the two doors at will, but when the prisoner is arraigned or escorted, you can only go through the ghost door.
The lobby building is spacious and majestic, and quite imposing. The main body is a typical Qing-style five-frame beam with front and rear double-step beams. The hard gabled roof is a roll shed in front of the hall. The eaves are arched, showing the specifications of the government lobby. The lobby, also known as the Gonglian Hall, is a place where the prefect reads edicts, receives officials, holds important ceremonies, and openly hears cases. There is a public case in the middle of the bright room in the lobby, and the "quiet", "avoidance" cards and other ceremonial guards on both sides. Set up a screen in the background, paint clouds and geese on it, and the east and west are slightly opened into a mezzanine room, and the confession of the hall is recorded.
The east and west sides in front of the lobby are the six rooms of the government. The east side is the top, which is the official, the household, and the ceremony; On the west side is the lower side, which is a soldier, a prisoner, and a worker, each of which is one. The government has six rooms, which is consistent with the political system of the six central departments in charge of state affairs.
Behind the lobby is the second hall, also known as the back hall, the scale is second only to the lobby, the face is wide and small, and the depth is more than the lobby, so it is a little more deep. Major cases in the government are generally heard in the second court. After copying the confession, the prefect retreated, entered the ear room from the west of the second hall, and went to Shizhuxuan to sign the judgment, and then he could go to the lobby for a public trial.
Santang, also known as the official residence, was the place where the prefect handled internal affairs. It is often the place where the reception of superior officials, the discussion of confidential matters, and the handling of private cases are often carried out. After the three halls, the house gate is occupied by the prefect's relatives. The east courtyard of the government is a warehouse and an east study. The west cross courtyard is Yinbin shop, west study, flower hall.
Anyang County City Map 23 years of the Republic of China
In the second year of the Republic of China (1913), the Zhangde Mansion was abolished, and the government office was renamed the Anyang County Office. At the beginning of 1933, it became the office of the administrative inspector of the third district of Henan Province and the residence of the Anyang County Government.
On November 5, 1937, the Japanese army invaded China and Anyang fell. On November 27, 1937, the Japanese army established a puppet Henan Provincial Autonomous Government in Anyang County. On April 20, 1938, the Japanese army called the puppet Henan Provincial Autonomous Government the Henan Public Office, and at the same time established North Henan Province in Anyang. The Japanese puppet Henan Provincial Autonomous Government (Henan Office) is located in the former Zhangde Prefecture.
In the early morning of May 6, 1949, the People's Liberation Army captured the Commissioner's Office and the county government in Dongdajie, which witnessed the liberation of Anyang. In the 50s of the last century after liberation, it was the seat of the Anyang Municipal People's Government, and in 1956, it was the seat of the Anyang Municipal People's Committee (Anyang Old Town East Street).
In 1961, it was used by the Culture and Education Bureau of the Anyang Special Administration, and since then this large compound has been the family courtyard of the Anyang Military Sub-district and the Anyang Municipal Cultural Bureau. With the passage of time, the Zhangde Mansion has lost its former majesty, and only the remaining Qing Dynasty buildings in the Zhangde Mansion can still evoke people's memories.
From March 18 to 23, 1953, the first congress of the Communist Youth League in Anyang City was held. The picture shows a group photo of all the representatives at the entrance of the municipal government.
In September 1954, the First People's Congress of Anyang City was held in the auditorium of the municipal government. The picture shows a group photo of all the representatives at the entrance of the municipal government.
Zhangde Prefecture (Xiangzhou Prefecture) has gone through the Song, Jin, Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties to the early years of the Republic of China, and has been set up for more than 1,000 years, and is the highest authority in northern Henan. In the early 50s of the 20th century, after it became the seat of the Anyang Municipal People's Government, the relevant government departments carried out the renovation and construction of the Anyang Pseudo-Commissioner's Office according to the office needs, and the Qing Dynasty lobby and the second hall of the Zhangde Mansion were demolished one after another, and the office and supporting buildings such as the gate, the shadow wall, the auditorium, and the office building (second floor) of blue bricks and red tiles were built.
2. Restoration of Zhangde Prefecture (Anyang County Administration).
Time flies, time flies. After nearly 600 years of wind and rain, the ruins of Zhangde Mansion still exist. The beam frame on the back of its gate was constructed by the Ming Dynasty, which has now collapsed and destroyed, and there are two Qing Dynasty buildings in the backyard that are basically intact and need to be strengthened and protected. The large hall and office buildings built by the city government in the 50s of the last century are still preserved in this courtyard to this day. A few years ago, the municipal cultural relics department planned to declare this place as a provincial cultural relics protection unit. The Zhangde Prefecture is in urgent need of restoration.
1. Repair the old as the old and maintain the original appearance. In the prefectural offices, buildings from different periods coexist, and the degree of damage varies. In order to maintain its cultural heritage, try to maintain the original appearance, repair the old as the old, reflect the history, and reflect the original appearance.
2. The biggest problem is the problem of capital, attracting investment, increasing capital and shares, and establishing Zhangde Fuxia Co., Ltd., which is controlled by the government, which can attract multiple shareholders and invest in repair.
3. Build a film and television base, and build a film and television base for a certain period according to the restored building condition.
4. Display, historical and cultural display, cultural relics display before and after liberation and cultural display of government administration (including physical objects, pictures, videos, film and television and other materials).