Afghanistan is located in the middle of Asia, not rich in natural resources, but its special geographical location has made it a necessary route for human migration and invasion since ancient times.
Ahmad Shah Massoud was born in 1953 to a prominent Tajik family in Panjshir, Afghanistan, the third of six brothers to a retired brigadier general under the reign of former Afghan King Zahir Shah.
In 1963, King Mohammed Zahir Shah enacted a new constitution that provided that executive power was held by the prime minister appointed by the king and that legislative power was vested in a two-chamber parliament.
Massoud attended a French secondary school in Kabul.
In 1973, after a military coup d'état supported by the Soviet Union, power fell to King Zahir's cousin, General Mohammed Daoud, who declared Afghanistan a republic and made himself head of state.
Also in the same year, Massoud, who was in his first year of study at the Faculty of Engineering at Kabul University, dropped out of school to join the resistance group against Daoud's government, and after being suppressed, went into exile in Peshawar, Pakistan.
During his exile, Massoud systematically studied the guerrilla warfare ideas of Mao Zedong, Guevara and de Gaulle.
In 1975, Massoud returned to his native Panjshir Valley to organize anti-government guerrillas, spoke Persian, lived frugally, was mild-mannered, cared for his subordinates, and strict in Islamic discipline, advocating adherence to the Islamic state system in Afghanistan.
In April 1977, Daoud was "ungrateful", unwilling to be a submissive citizen of Moscow, and showed centrifugal tendencies towards the Soviet Union, even the general secretary of the CPSU Leonid Brezhnev, who instigated a military coup d'état by a group of young Afghans shortly after his return from Moscow, and Daoud and his supporters were executed.
After the successful coup d'état, a pro-Soviet regime was established in Afghanistan with the support of the Soviet Union, with the General Secretary of the People's Democratic Party Mohammad Nur Taraki as Chairman of the Revolutionary Committee———— Democratic Republic of Afghanistan.
On 14 September 1979, as there was still a serious factional struggle within the Taraki regime. The struggle between the "people's faction" to which he belonged and the "banner faction" headed by Prime Minister Amin intensified.
The result of the struggle was the third coup d'état in the country in five years, when the Soviet ambassador to Afghanistan, Puzanov, unsuccessfully tried to help Taraki trap Amin, who was instead overthrown by Amin, who became the chairman of the Revolutionary Committee.
The "September Incident" deepened Amin's hatred of the Soviet Union. After Amin came to power, he openly accused the Soviet Union of interfering in helping Taraki plot and forced the Soviet Union to remove its ambassador to Afghanistan, Puzanov.
He also demanded that the Soviet Union withdraw its 3,000 military advisers, instructors, and technicians in Afghanistan, and rejected the Soviet Union's invitation to visit the Soviet Union, which decided to intervene for fear of losing the hard-working position in Afghanistan.
On 27 December 1979, a large number of Soviet paratroopers and a special contingent of the Ministry of Internal Affairs entered Kabul. At 7:30 p.m., the army suddenly captured the Kabul telegraph building, cutting off the Afghan government of Amin from the outside world, and after three and a half hours of firefighting, the Soviet army took full control of the city of Kabul. At the same time, they seized Amin's official residence, and Amin, his four wives and 24 children all fell in a pool of blood.
In the early morning of 28 December, the Soviet ground troops, under the cover of aviation, crossed the Soviet-Afghan border and advanced at high speed along the two strategic highways in the east and west to carry out a pincer attack.
In just one week, the Soviets quickly occupied the entire territory of Afghanistan, took control of the main cities and communication arteries of Afghanistan, and established the Karmal puppet regime.
In accordance with the resolution of the meeting of the Politburo of the Central Committee of the CPSU the day before, the Soviet news agency TASS issued a statement announcing that "at the request of the Afghan leadership, the Soviet government sent limited troops to Afghanistan."
However, the Soviet troops stationed in Afghanistan were not at ease, and the Soviet Union was unprecedentedly isolated on the international stage. At the same time, the Afghan people, unwilling to submit to Soviet rule, joined the resistance. The anti-Soviet movement was in full swing, and flames of resistance against Soviet aggression were ignited everywhere in the territory of Fuhan.
In order to stabilize the results of the war, the Soviets began to launch a clearance operation against the sites occupied by armed resistance fighters. They soon discovered that the resistance guerrillas based in the Panjshir Valley had become a "tactical problem" for them.
At that time, the leader of the resistance guerrillas in the Panjshir Valley was none other than Ahmad Shah Massoud.
By 1982, the guerrilla force led by Massoud had grown from 30 to more than 3,000 people, and repeatedly defeated the encirclement and suppression of the Soviet army, so he won the title of "Lion of Panjshir" and became a famous guerrilla leader in Afghanistan.
Possessing political and military talents, Massoud established a large-scale, well-organized guerrilla base in the Panjshir region. With the withdrawal of Soviet troops from Afghanistan and the growth of Afghan guerrilla forces, Massoud abandoned traditional guerrilla warfare and formed a regular army of more than 40,000 men, supplemented by a militia of about 20,000 men.
He administers the army strictly, and the army has strong combat effectiveness. In addition, he attached great importance to building a united front, establishing contacts with non-Pashtun tribal leaders, local dignitaries, and local armed leaders, expanding his political influence in northern and western Afghanistan.
After the Soviet Union withdrew from Afghanistan, the troubled country soon became divided by warlords, and power fell into the hands of Rabbani. But by this time, Rabbani had no choice but to watch corruption prevail and there was nothing he could do.
Thus, it was against this background that the Taliban stepped onto the stage of Afghan history.
The Taliban is an Islamic fundamentalist movement that originated in the Kandahar region of Afghanistan, and in Persian, it means students, and most of its members are students of Islamic schools in Afghan refugee camps, also known as Islamic student army.
At the beginning of its existence, the Taliban had a total of only 800 people, so many did not pay much attention to them. But with the banner of eradicating warlords and rebuilding the country, fighting bravely because of discipline, and advocating against corruption and restoring commerce, this faction won the support of Afghan civilians and grew into a force of nearly 30,000 men, hundreds of tanks and dozens of jet fighters.
The Taliban came to the fore in November 1994 when they succeeded in protecting a convoy trying to open up trade between Pakistan and Central Asia.
In May and June 1995, the Taliban launched a campaign code-named "March into Kabul" and soon took control of nearly 40 percent of Afghanistan. At the same time, he launched a full-scale attack on Kabul, and on September 26 of the same year, he seized radio and television and the presidential palace, taking full control of the capital.
Since then, they have taken control of more than 90 percent of the country's territory, including the capital Kabul, and the only one in the anti-Taliban Northern Alliance that has the ability to confront the Taliban head-on is the Massoud faction.
On September 27, 1996, the Taliban forces formed an interim government in Kabul to take over power, and the forces led by Massoud were defeated by the Taliban and forced to withdraw from the capital Kabul.
Old photo of bin Laden
One cannot mention the Taliban without mentioning one person - bin Laden. He came from a chaebol and had a wealthy family, but most of the time he hardly enjoyed luxury, but lived a hard-working and pious life like a clergyman.
Based on the belief in supporting the fraternal countries of the Islamic world, after the Soviet Union invaded Afghanistan in 1979, he began to receive military training from the US military and the CIA, exhausted his family resources, contributed money and efforts to support the Afghan guerrillas, and in 1988, he established the Al Qaeda organization to resist the Soviet Union until the withdrawal of Soviet troops from Afghanistan in 1989.
During the 1990 Gulf War, bin Laden was very unhappy with the presence of U.S. troops in Kuwait. In his opinion, most of the US troops are Christians, not Muslims, and entering the holy places of Islam is an insult to Islam, and he has made public speeches demanding that all European and American people leave his country.
Because the Saudi royal family and the U.S. government support each other, in his eyes, the royal family is corrupt and loves money, and has lost its devout belief in the teachings of the Koran; Americans are unreasonable infidels.
In the years that followed, bin Laden led his organization into a series of events against the U.S. government.
In December 1992, the bombing of the Yemeni hotel of the US military in Somalia was carried out.
In February 1993, the World Trade Center bombing in the United States killed six people and injured hundreds.
In June 1993, the assassination attempt of Jordanian Crown Prince Abdul was carried out.
In 1994, jihad against the United States was declared.
In January 1995, he attempted the assassination of Roman Catholic Pope John Paul II.
In November 1995, the bombing of a U.S. military camp in Riyadh killed five people; The bombing of the Egyptian embassy in Pakistan killed 17 people.
In the same year, bin Laden pleaded guilty to terrorist activities in Riyadh and Dhahran, Saudi Arabia proper, and was stripped of Saudi Arabian citizenship.
In 1996, the bombing of the US Air Force residence in Dhahran.
In 1997, the bombing of a foreign tourist bus in Cairo.
In August 1998, the bombing of the U.S. Embassy in East Africa killed 257 people and injured more than 5,000.
It was a series of terrorist attacks against the U.S. government carried out by bin Laden that made him a member of the CIA's blacklist.
In 1997, the CIA devised a "perfect" plan to kidnap bin Laden, but the decision-makers' hesitation was stillborn and a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity was lost.
After the 1998 bombing of the U.S. Embassy in East Africa, the C.I.A. again devised a plan to capture bin Laden in 1999. And in this plan, Massoud and the armed forces he led became the key to it.
One day in October 1999, a team of agents from the CIA's Counterterrorism Center flew to Tashkent, the capital of the Republic of Tajikistan.
THE TEAM, CODENAMED "JAWBREAKER-5," WAS LED BY RICK, THE HEAD OF THE CIA'S COUNTERTERRORISM CENTER'S BIN LADEN OPERATION TEAM, A VETERAN AGENT WHO HAD WORKED IN ALGERIA AND OTHER DEVELOPING COUNTRIES FOR MANY YEARS.
The team arrived at a secret airport in Tashkent, where they boarded a Soviet-made Mi-17 transport helicopter and flew off to the mountains of northern Afghanistan with the mission of enlisting Massoud, the top military commander of the Northern Alliance in Afghanistan, to take out bin Laden.
At the time, Massoud was fighting fiercely with the Taliban in northern Afghanistan, and the Taliban had allied themselves with bin Laden and destroyed most of Massoud's allies and controlled most of Afghanistan's land.
Old photos of Massoud The picture comes from the Internet
The helicopter flew into the Panjshir Valley, and in a secret house, Rick met Massoud, and after a brief greeting, he bluntly said to Massoud: "We have a common enemy, and that is bin Laden, let's join hands!" ”
Massoud frankly told Rick that he was more than willing to deepen his relationship with the CIA, but that assassinating and capturing bin Laden would be very difficult, and that he was too willing to do it.
According to Massoud's intelligence network, bin Laden spends most of his time in the southern Afghan city of Kandahar or in training camps in the mountains of eastern Afghanistan, which is beyond the reach of his combat units.
Of course, it was not without hope, as bin Laden also visited Jalalabad and Kabul from time to time to inspect the operations of his subordinate "Arab Volunteer Brigades", which had Massoud's intelligence officers.
Massoud bluntly told Rick that US policy toward bin Laden and the Taliban was doomed to failure because the Americans were so bent on holding bin Laden and several of his senior henchmen that they did not see that al-Qaeda had fully developed. "Even if we succeed, we won't be able to solve the bigger problems that arise," Massoud said. ”
Rick agreed, but also explained to Massoud that the U.S. government did not want to clash with the Taliban government and did not want to support any armed faction to wage a larger war in Afghanistan.
They were ordered to arrest bin Laden and his senior men and put them on trial, or to kill them. If Massoud can help the U.S. in this operation, then the U.S. may be able to provide greater political support and development assistance to Massoud.
In order to obtain political, economic, and military assistance from the U.S. government, Massoud acceded to Rick's request to assist them in the capture of bin Laden.
Abdullah, Massoud's intelligence aide at the time, recalled: "After all, he was our common enemy; Second, we want to give Americans a better understanding of the situation in Afghanistan. ”
AFTER MONTHS OF WORKING IN AFGHANISTAN BY THE CIA'S JAWBREAKER-5 INTELLIGENCE TEAM, THE AGENCY'S COUNTERTERRORISM CENTER RECEIVED INFORMATION THAT BIN LADEN HAD SECRETLY VISITED THE "DROUTA TRAINING CAMP" IN THE MOUNTAINS EAST OF JALALABAD.
The "Druta training camp" was the most typical bin Laden training camp, and Massoud's intelligence agents reported that the "Druta training camp" did not allow Afghans to get close to each other, and only Arabs were allowed to enter.
The US Defense Intelligence Agency also submitted a report saying that bin Laden might conduct chemical warfare experiments there, and the White House anti-terrorist security team immediately adjusted its spy satellites to closely monitor the training camp.
Subsequently, the C.I.A. recruited a group of spies who regularly traveled to or lived there, and through them, the C.I.A. advanced its intelligence-gathering operations to the vicinity of Jalalabad. Under the direction of CIA officers, Massoud's men also set up reconnaissance equipment from a high point where they could get a bird's-eye view of the "Druta training camp."
Massoud in the mountains of northern Afghanistan The picture comes from the Internet
The "bin Laden" team of the CIA's counterterrorism center immediately handed over this information to Massoud, telling him that bin Laden had come, and Massoud immediately ordered preparations for the operation. He reported his plan to the CIA's Langley headquarters: to eliminate bin Laden with rockets!
However, the plan was aborted because the C.I.A. feared a lawsuit. Because, the legal department of the White House did not approve the CIA and Massoud to take purely military action at that time, so, in order to avoid getting into trouble, the bin Laden department of the counterterrorism center hurriedly sent a telegram to Massoud:
Cancel the operation now!
In 2000, Massoud's forces in Talokan were routed by the Taliban, and anti-Taliban forces were in jeopardy.
Subsequently, Massoud single-handedly lobbied warlords and tribal leaders from all sides to unite and build a united front, establishing contacts with non-Pashtun tribal leaders, local dignitaries, and local armed leaders, expanding his political influence in northern and western Afghanistan.
Not only that, but he also actively lobbied Russia, the United States, and Iran to provide more material and financial assistance to the Northern Alliance. At the same time, because of her partnership with the CIA, Massoud hopes that the U.S. government will provide her with military assistance to better combat al-Qaeda.
However, what Massoud did not expect was that although the Clinton administration imposed economic sanctions on the Taliban, it was also unwilling to assist the Northern Alliance forces led by Massoud.
The US government's public policy is to maintain neutrality and promote peace talks between all sides, and the White House has always insisted that the CIA's counterterrorism mission in Afghanistan must be limited to bin Laden.
Although the U.S. National Security Council has approved guidelines for intelligence cooperation with Massoud, top-secret documents show that the C.I.A. must not provide Massoud with weapons and other support that could "change the situation on the battlefield." For this reason, cracks began to appear in the cooperative relationship between Massoud and the CIA.
By the late summer of 2000, relations between the C.I.A. and Massoud had deteriorated again. Because of the harsh terrain and the inability of the Clinton cabinet to support Massoud, CIA officials were also tired.
And Massoud was tired of it, because they thought that cooperating with the CIA would make Americans know more about Afghanistan, and even exchange it for secret military aid. However, the Americans did not provide them with any assistance at all, except for the operation to arrest bin Laden, and even the operation to capture bin Laden did not allow them to use military force, and Massoud was completely disappointed with the Americans.
In October 2000, bin Laden's al-Qaeda attacked the USS Cole in Yemen, killing 17 U.S. soldiers.
In the aftermath of the incident, the CIA team intended to increase support for Massoud so that he could help the United States arrest or kill bin Laden as soon as possible. In November of that year, C.I.A. officials drew up a list of the weapons and equipment Massoud needed at their headquarters in Langley, and said they were prepared to provide more money to buy Taliban commanders and provide Massoud with trucks, helicopters, light weapons, ammunition, uniforms, food and artillery.
Under the secret list of military aid, which is worth between $50 million and $150 million, the C.I.A. would establish a permanent base in Massoud's Panjessir Valley and then send C.I.A. agents to mingle with Massoud's men.
In that case, if the intelligence is accurate, the CIA secret agents could even go with Massoud's men to take out bin Laden.
Unfortunately, however, before this plan was passed, the presidential election began, and in order to cope with the presidential election, this plan was shelved. At the beginning of the following year, George W. Bush won the election and became the new president of the United States, but the plan was rejected.
In order to obtain assistance, Massoud personally wrote to Vice President Cheney, imploring the new government to review its policy towards Afghanistan. The CIA also wanted to arrest bin Laden as soon as possible, so it has been working for Massoud.
When two CIA agents met with Massoud, they assured: "The CIA will support Massoud, albeit slowly for policy reasons." "Massoud also told the Americans that he could only defend northern Afghanistan and that's it. However, the Americans must support him, otherwise, they will not be able to support it.
In this year, Massoud traveled in many ways, and because of his great personality, several major warlords in Afghanistan who were originally abroad, Uzbek leader Dostum, Hazara leader Karim Khalili, and Tajik general Ismail Khan, were summoned by Massoud to return to China that year and join the anti-Taliban armed movement.
In the spring of the same year, Massoud accepted an invitation to visit the European Parliament in Strasbourg, France, his first foreign visit to Europe.
Massoud hopes to take this opportunity to attract more funding from the West, telling reporters at a press conference held at the European Parliament: "If President Bush does not support us, these terrorists will definitely ruin the United States and Europe, and it will be soon!" ”
Massoud's remarks made both the Taliban and bin Laden shudder, and they believed that Massoud must be "stopped" as soon as possible, otherwise it would bring a huge disaster to both Al Qaeda and the Taliban.
Thus, a plot to assassinate Massoud began to brew.
In fact, bin Laden and the Taliban never stopped their plans to assassinate Massoud, and they had several conspirators to blow up the helicopter in which the former was traveling, but they were all thwarted. In addition, the Taliban also launched an air strike on Massoud, which was narrowly evaded.
In 2000, Northern Alliance security officers successfully captured three al-Qaida infiltrators armed with C4 plastic bombs. According to Massoud's security chief, al-Qaeda also spared no expense to buy off Massoud's staff, but for various reasons, it was ultimately unable to do so.
In the autumn of 2000, Dakhmana, a 39-year-old Tunisian who had been smuggled to Belgium, was selected by the Tunisian Fighting Regiment, a terrorist organization based in Brussels and London, to study at an al-Qaeda terrorist training camp in Afghanistan, where he was one of the main culprits in the assassination of Massoud.
In the early summer of 2001, Dahmana was selected for a suicide mission. He had taken journalism courses in Tunisia and Belgium, so it wasn't a problem to be a TV reporter.
Compared to Dachmana, Elvar, who played the accompanying photographic "reporter" with him, was a little stretched. It's no wonder that although Elwar is also a Tunisian who immigrated to Belgium illegally, he has no higher education and naturally knows nothing about how to disguise himself as a "journalist".
In late August 2001, Shayaf, a senior general of the Northern Alliance, received a phone call from an old friend from Egypt in which he learned that two Moroccan "journalists" wanted to interview them.
The caller's name is Hani, and the two formed a strong friendship after fighting alongside Shayaf in the early years against the Soviet invasion.
Shayaf did not doubt Hani's recommendation, and readily agreed to personally take the two "reporters" around for a tour, and also specially arranged for them to go to the front line to cover the news. A few months later, when investigators checked the source of the call, they were surprised to find that the call "from Egypt" was actually from Kandahar in southern Afghanistan, but that was all for later.
After being selected for the suicide mission, Dahmanna and Elwar began to make careful preparations. They first forged two "press credentials" and, on an IBM desktop computer, printed a fake letter of introduction (which was later discovered by the United States counterterrorism unit in Kabul).
The letter said they were television "journalists" from the Islamic Observatory in London, which studies "the human rights of Muslims around the world."
When everything was ready, the two went to the Northern Alliance with fake documents and letters of introduction. In the aftermath, General Smilla Khan, who was in charge of receiving the two men in the Northern Alliance, recalled that the older "journalist", who called himself Crimean Tuzani, was fat and unruly. The photographer who accompanied him, who identified himself as Ksem Bakri, was silent and silent.
The two "reporters" didn't seem to be too interested in what they saw and heard along the way, and unlike the other "reporters" who kept asking questions, they were somewhat reticent.
However, the actions of these two did not arouse the suspicion of the Khan and others, after all, they were "guests of General Shayaf." After obtaining the consent of Massoud himself, General Khan took them to the front for a visit, and he was eager to prove to them that there were no foreign mercenaries among the soldiers fighting for the Northern Alliance, only pure Afghans.
On the journey, because the road was rough and the car was very bumpy, Buckri, who had been silent, repeatedly asked the driver to slow down, he said, otherwise his camera would fall apart (in fact, he was afraid of detonating hidden explosives). After visiting the front line, two Moroccan "journalists" were escorted to another stronghold of the Northern Alliance, located in the Panjshir Valley.
At this time, the leaders of the Northern Alliance were in a meeting, and the two "journalists" were kept out by heavily armed sentinels at the entrance. In the venue, almost all the top leaders of the Northern Alliance, including Massoud, sat down.
After the meeting, Massoud returned to Khhodia Bahadin, Massoud's headquarters on the Tajik border, in a Soviet-made helicopter, and the two "journalists" arrived in a second helicopter.
As "guests of General Shayaf", they were placed in a room next to General Mohammad Arif and became neighbors of the Northern Alliance Chief of Internal Security.
Early in the morning of 9 September, Dahmana and Elwar, who had been preparing for a long time, were taken next door to the room of Arif, the head of security of the Northern Alliance, where the interview would begin. In addition to the two men, there was a third journalist, Fahim Dashti, a native of Panjshir who was working on a documentary about the heroes of the guerrillas, who placed a video camera and recording equipment in the back of the room.
When Massoud arrived, he apologized for his delay in giving an interview, but Dachmanna pretended that it had nothing to do with it, and handed them a letter of introduction from the London Islamic Observatory, at the end of which read: "May Allah bless you."
At this time, the "reporter" in charge of the camera was fiddling with his camera equipment in the center of the room, first lowering the tripod and then removing the small table between the camera and Massoud.
Massoud sat in a large chair and asked the "reporter" with a smile: "What have you gained in the territory of the Taliban?" ”
Dachmana, who tried to make himself feel relaxed, replied that the people here seemed unhappy and that Kabul was full of Arabs (al-Qaeda). He also falsely claimed that on the Taliban's side, Omar had denied their request for an interview because television is illegal under Muslim law.
Massoud smiled and asked to see the list of interview questions first, after which the Northern Alliance ambassador to India, Kehariri, sat on a bench to Massoud's right and acted as an interpreter, and he translated the questions into Persian, after which the "Panjshir Lion" pointed his face at the camera and said, "You can start recording." ”
Dakhmanna began to ask the first question, and Elwar turned on his camera, and in an instant a thick blue tongue of fire burst out, and Kehariri saw a loud "boom", and an inner voice told him that this was the last moment of his life, and he began to shout: "Allah is great!" Immediately, he lost consciousness.
When the blue light flashed, Dashti, who was fiddling with the camera at the back of the room, jumped in shock, thinking that something was wrong with his camera. After a few moments, he found that his whole body was burning, and his hands, feet, and face were full of flames, and he rushed out of the room.
Massoud's secretary, Gamsid, ran in breathlessly, his eyes full of horror. The bomb in the battery pack blew the body of the camera "journalist" Erwar in half. Dachmana was relatively lightly wounded, and he tried to slip away from the scene after being blown up, but the guards immediately locked him up. Later, when he tried to escape through the window, he was shot dead by the guards on the spot.
Haji, who had been a bodyguard for Massoud for 12 years, rushed into the flames and found Massoud, who was badly injured and covered in blood. Massoud whispered weakly: "Help me up..."
It is about a 4-minute drive from the site of the explosion to the place where the helicopter is parked. Guard Haji sat in the back of the car with Massoud in his arms, Massoud's head resting on his lap. The car sped full speed towards the helicopter, and Massoud was still breathing, but his breathing was getting weaker and weaker, and blood was gushing like a spring.
After 10 minutes, they were taken to a hospital in Tajikistan. However, Massoud no longer needed treatment at this time, and two bomb fragments had already pierced his heart. After examining Massoud's injuries, the doctors tried their best, but it was already too late.
He informed Haji of Massoud's death, and a grief-stricken Haji shared the news to seven of Massoud's aides. All seven men rushed to the hospital at once, and after a brief discussion, they agreed not to announce Massoud's death.
Because once the news comes out, it will inevitably cause a situation in which the disadvantaged Northern Alliance will have no leader. Once demoralized, Taliban forces can quickly crush them.
That night, they smuggled Massoud's body to a nearby town, where he hid it in the underground cold storage of the local morgue, and spread the word that Massoud was not dead, but only slightly injured.
In this way, Massoud was assassinated for several days, and the news of his death did not leak out of the slightest. Not only the commanders of the Northern Alliance on the battlefield, but even Massoud's family were kept in the dark.
Just 48 hours after Massoud's assassination, bin Laden, who learned of the success of the assassination, quickly planned the terrorist attack of 9/11 that shocked the world, and the United States paid a terrible price for it.
After 9/11, news of Massoud's death was not leaked, and the soldiers of the Northern Alliance were still desperately resisting.
A few days later, a dark green helicopter flew in from the north and appeared over the Panjshir Valley, with CIA officials sitting on board. For many years, the United States has not been noncommittal to Massoud's requests to take out bin Laden and to provide weapons and supplies to the Northern Alliance.
This time, however, the United States took the initiative to deliver these things to the door and asked for the assistance of the Northern Alliance. Because, the CIA had to admit that they had missed too many opportunities to take out bin Laden before.
Soon after, Massoud's body was removed from a secret freezer and buried on top of a high mountain in Afghanistan on September 15, 2001.
When asked by the media what it had to say about Massoud's assassination, a State Department spokesman said: "We deeply regret the attempted murder of a key Afghan leader, which is a major setback in the search for a solution to the Afghan civil war that has been going on for more than a decade, because violence cannot solve the civil war in Afghanistan." ”
After the news of Massoud's death broke, the international community reacted and urgently discussed the situation in Afghanistan that could change dramatically.
Afghanistan's neighbours, Iran, Russia, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan, are now preparing to meet urgently in Tajikistan's capital, Dushanbe, to discuss the situation in Afghanistan following Massoud's killing.
Russian President Vladimir Putin had a telephone conversation with the President of Tajikistan on the 10th to discuss the development of the situation in Afghanistan after Massoud's murder.
At the same time, the leaders of various Afghan factions, under the auspices of the United Nations, held an emergency meeting with diplomats from Germany, Iran, and the United States in Geneva on 10 July.
The reason why these neighbors reacted so quickly to Massoud's assassination was because they feared that after the fall of Massoud, the most formidable adversary, no one would be able to stop the Taliban from unifying the country, and if it succeeded, the countries bordering it would have to think about how to deal with this difficult neighbor.
At the same time, the U.S. government finally launched a war on terror against Afghanistan because of the 9/11 terrorist attacks, which was the second war in Afghan history, and the war has continued to this day, although bin Laden has been killed by the U.S. military, but the conflict does not end there.
However, it was also revealed that when the United States decided to use force against Afghanistan, in order to facilitate the use of Afghan guerrillas under the command of the United States in wartime and to control Afghanistan after the war, it decided to let Massoud, who had extensive influence in Afghanistan, evaporate.
Whether this news is true or false is difficult to discern. But the two assassins who assassinated Massoud were indeed from al-Qaeda, led by bin Laden, and the wife of one of them later revealed this to the European police.
However, after Massoud's death, the anti-Taliban armed forces in Afghanistan could no longer find a figure as appealing as him, and could only form an alliance with the intervention of the United States and become a tool in the hands of the United States to eliminate the Taliban. From this point of view, this news is not groundless.
On 13 November 2001, the Northern Alliance of Afghanistan entered Kabul. Several of the soldiers took an IBM desktop computer while cleaning the battlefield and sold it to a computer store.
A discerning reporter for the Wall Street Journal bought the computer for $1,100. On his computer's hard drive, he found many "inexplicable" files with passwords written on them.
After the US intelligence agencies learned of this, the experts of the organization decoded and analyzed the computer, believing that it was a computer used by the "Al Qaeda" organization, which contained hundreds of texts and audio-visual files, and recorded many core secrets of the "Al Qaeda" organization, including the "Al Qaeda" organization's plan to assassinate Massoud.
The document shows that one day in May 2001, an al-Qaida member typed a request letter for an interview on the computer for 97 minutes. The letter, in the name of the London-based "Islamic Observatory", stated in clumsy French that the center was going to make television coverage of Afghanistan and sent its "one of the most eminent journalists, Karim Tuzani," to interview Massoud, to be signed by "Yasser, the director of the center."
On 9 September, two French-speaking Arab journalists with Belgian passports interviewed Massoud, one of whom was Karim Tuzani. He asked Massoud a question that he had designed in his computer: "If you were in power in Afghanistan, what would you do with Osama bin Laden?" What do you think is the best way to solve this problem? ”
Without waiting for Massoud to answer, he detonated the bomb he was carrying, and died with Massoud, the "Lion of Panjshir" who had dominated Afghanistan for many years, and another "journalist" was wounded and killed by Massoud's bodyguards.
In October, the real Arthur was arrested in London and accused of involvement in the assassination of Massoud, which he denied. The US side believes that this is the "masterpiece" of bin Laden's "military adviser" Zawahri, who is slightly fluent in French.
Whatever the truth, Panjeshir's lion eventually died in the assassination, and the U.S. government paid a terrible price for their former underpest.